The Project Gutenberg eBook of Irish Wonders
    
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online
at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States,
you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located
before using this eBook.

Title: Irish Wonders

Author: D. R. McAnally

Release date: October 7, 2006 [eBook #19486]
                Most recently updated: June 26, 2020

Language: English



*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH WONDERS ***





          [Illustration: "GOD SAVE YER HOLINESS." Frontispiece.]

                  "GOD SAVE YER HOLINESS." Frontispiece.





Irish Wonders


by D. R. McAnally, Jr.




Edition 1, (October 7, 2006)





THE GHOSTS, GIANTS, POOKAS, DEMONS, LEPRECHAWNS, BANSHEES, FAIRIES,
WITCHES, WIDOWS, OLD MAIDS, AND OTHER MARVELS OF THE EMERALD ISLE

Popular Tales as told by the People

WEATHERVANE BOOKS - NEW YORK

                              [Illustration]





Copyright © MDCCCLXXXVIII

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 77-72113

All rights reserved.

This edition is published by Weathervane Books

a division of Imprint Society, Inc., distributed by Crown Publishers, Inc.

a b c d e f g h





                    IN MEMORY OF YEARS OF FRIENDSHIP,

                               This Volume

                             IS INSCRIBED TO

                         MR. JOSEPH B. McCULLAGH,

                          AS A MODEST TRIBUTE OF

                            PERSONAL RESPECT.





PREFACE.


The wonderful imaginative power of the Celtic mind is never more
strikingly displayed than in the legends and fanciful tales which people
of the humbler walks of life seldom tire of telling. Go where you will in
Ireland, the story-teller is there, and on slight provocation will repeat
his narrative; amplifying, explaining, embellishing, till from a single
fact a connected history is evolved, giving motives, particulars, action,
and result, the whole surrounded by a rosy wealth of rustic imagery and
told with dramatic force an actor might envy. The following chapters
comprise an effort to present this phase of unwritten Celtic literature,
the material having been collected during a recent lengthy visit, in the
course of which every county in the island was traversed from end to end,
and constant association had with the peasant tenantry. As, however, in
perusing a drama each reader for himself supplies stage-action, so, in the
following pages, he is requested to imagine the charms of gesticulation
and intonation, for no pen can do justice to a story told by Irish lips
amid Irish surroundings.





                [Illustration: "She 'll get all me Turf"]





CONTENTS


PREFACE.
THE SEVEN KINGS OF ATHENRY.
TAMING THE POOKA.
THE SEXTON OF CASHEL.
SATAN'S CLOVEN HOOF.
THE ENCHANTED ISLAND.
HOW THE LAKES WERE MADE.
ABOUT THE FAIRIES.
THE BANSHEE.
THE ROUND TOWERS.
THE POLICE.
THE LEPRECHAWN.
THE HENPECKED GIANT.
SATAN AS A SCULPTOR.
THE DEFEAT OF THE WIDOWS.





                 [Illustration: "Divil roast ye wid it"]





              [Illustration: "Is it spilin' me wall he is?"]





ILLUSTRATIONS


"GOD SAVE YER HOLINESS." Frontispiece.
Vignette
"She 'll get all me Turf"
"Divil roast ye wid it"
"Is it spilin' me wall he is?"
"Howld on, we 'll argy the matther"
Initial: "The Seven Kinds of Athenry"
A Modern Irish Village
"All a-makin' love to the Young Princess"
"DIVIL A WAN O' ME KNOWS," SAYS HE.
"The Princess had disayved thim all complately"
"All disconsarted entirely"
Initial: "Taming the Pooka"
Dennis and the Pooka
"He'd a sight of larnin', had the King"
"The Quane a-gosterin'"
"IF IT'S AGGRAYBLE TO YE, I'LL LOOK IN YER MOUTH."
The Pooka Spirits
Initial: "The Sexton of Casbel"
THE ROCK OF CASHEL.
"Be aff wid yer nonsinse"
"Where is me dawther?"
"The Owld Man walkin' in Cormae's Chapel"
Initial: "Satan's Cloven Hoof"
Glendalough
Saint Kevin and the Devil
"An' so he's lame, an' must show his cloven fut"
Initial: "The Enchanted Island"
"Howld yer pace, ye palaverin' shtrap"
"Howlin' wid rage"
Initial: "How the Lakes were made"
Lough Conn
The Church by the Bog
Initial: "About the Fairies"
"Owld Meg"
Eva calling the Cattle
Initial: "The Banshee"
The "Hateful Banshee"
The "Friendly Banshee"
Initial: "The Round Towers"
"Crackin' their Haythen Shkulls"
Initial: "The Police"
The Police and the Tenants
"Thither goes the poor old women every day"
Initial: "The Leprechawn"
Returning the next morning with the spade
"Playing his pranks"
Initial: "The Henpecked Giant"
"AN' WHO ARE YOU, ME DEAR?" SAYS FINN, LOOKIN' UP.
Illustration: Music: When I Was Single.
"Finn gave in an' wint to work wid a pick an' sphade"
Initial: "Satan as a Sculptor"
A Barren Cliff
THE DEVIL'S FACE.
"Her masther stood be her side"
"So the three av thim mounted the wan horse"
"'Kape from me,' says the divil"
Initial: "The Defeat of the Widows"
AN' PHAT DOES THIM LETTERS SHPELL?
The Widdy Mulligan
The Widdy O'Donnell
Missis McMurthry
"OULD ROONEY AN' PADDY BLAGGARDIN' THE CONSTHABLE IVERY FUT O' THE WAY."
"A good bargain they made av it"





           [Illustration: "Howld on, we 'll argy the matther"]






IRISH WONDERS





IRISH WONDERS.





THE SEVEN KINGS OF ATHENRY.


        [Illustration: Initial: "The Seven Kinds of Athenry"]

It was a characteristic Irish ruin. Standing on a slight elevation, in the
midst of a flat country, the castle lifted its turreted walls as proudly
as when its ramparts were fringed with banners and glittered with helmets
and shields. In olden times it was the citadel of the town, and although
Athenry was fortified by a strong wall, protecting it alike from predatory
assault and organized attack, the citadel, occupying the highest ground
within the city, was itself surrounded by stronger walls, a fort within a
fort, making assurance of security doubly sure. Only by treachery,
surprise, or regular and long-continued siege could the castle have been
taken.

The central portion was a large, square structure; except in size, not
differing greatly from the isolated castles found in all parts of Ireland,
and always in pairs, as if, when one Irish chieftain built a castle, his
rival at once erected another a mile or so away, for the purpose of
holding him in check. This central fort was connected by double walls, the
remains of covered passages, with smaller fortresses, little castles built
into the wall surrounding the citadel; and over these connecting walls,
over the little castles, and over the piles of loose stones where once the
strong outer walls had stood, the ivy grew in luxuriant profusion,
throwing its dark green curtain on the unsightly masses, rounding the
sharp edge of the masonry, hiding the rough corners as though ashamed of
their roughness, and climbing the battlements of the central castle to
spread nature's mantle of charity over the remains of a barbarous age, and
forever conceal from human view the stony reminders of battle and blood.

The success of the ivy was not complete. Here and there the corner of a
battlement stood out in sharp relief, as though it had pushed back the
struggling plant, and, by main force, had risen above the leaves, while on
one side a round tower lifted itself as if to show that a stone tower
could stand for six hundred years without permitting itself to become
ivy-grown; that there could be individuality in towers as among men. The
great arched gateway too was not entirely subjugated, though the climbing
tendrils and velvety leaves dressed the pillars and encroached on the
arch. The keystone bore a rudely carved, crowned head, and ivy vines,
coming up underneath the arch, to take the old king by surprise, climbed
the bearded chin, crossed the lips, and were playing before the nose as if
to give it a sportive tweak, while the stern brow frowned in anger at the
plant's presumption.

But only a few surly crags of the citadel refused to go gracefully into
the retirement furnished by the ivy, and the loving plant softened every
outline, filled up every crevice, bridged the gaps in the walls, toned
down the rudeness of projecting stones, and did everything that an
ivy-plant could do to make the rugged old castle as presentable as were
the high rounded mounds without the city, cast up by the besiegers when
the enemy last encamped against it.

                  [Illustration: A Modern Irish Village]

The old castle had fallen on evil days, for around the walls of the
citadel clustered the miserable huts of the modern Irish village. The
imposing castle gate faced a lane, muddy and foul with the refuse thrown
from the houses. The ivy-mantled towers looked down upon earth and stone
huts, with thatched roofs, low chimneys, and doors seeming as if the
builder designed them for windows and changed his mind without altering
their size, but simply continued them to the ground and made them answer
the purpose. A population, notable chiefly for its numerousness and lack
of cleanliness, presented itself at every door, but little merriment was
heard in the alleys of Athenry.

"Sure it's mighty little they have to laugh at," said the car-man.
"Indade, the times has changed fur the counthry, Sorr. Wanst Ireland was
as full o' payple as a Dublin sthrate, an' they was all as happy as a
grazin' colt, an' as paceful as a basket av puppies, barrin' a bit o' fun
at a marryin' or a wake, but thim times is all gone. Wid the landlords,
an' the guver'mint, an' the sojers, an' the polis, lettin' in the rich an'
turnin' out the poor, Irishmin is shtarvin' to death. See that bit av a
cabin there, Sorr? Sure there's foorteen o' thim in it, an' two pigs, an'
tin fowls; they all shlape togather on a pile av wet shtraw in the corner,
an' sorra a wan o' thim knows where the bit in the mornin' is to come
from. Phat do they ate? They're not in the laste purtickler. Spakin'
ginerally, whatever they can get. They've pitaties an' milk, an' sometimes
pitaties an' no milk, an' av a Sunday a bit o' mate that's a herrin', an'
not a boot to the fut o' thim, an' they paddlin' in the wather on the
flure. Sure the town's full o' thim an' the likes av thim. Begorra, the
times has changed since the siven Kings held coort in the castle beyant
yon.

"Niver heard o' the Siven Kings av Athenroy? Why ivery babby knows the
whole shtory be heart, an' all about thim. Faith I'll tell it, fur it's
not desayvin' ye I am, fur the ould castle was wan o' the greatest places
in the counthry.

"Wanst upon a time, there was an ould King in Athenroy, that, be all
accounts, was the besht ould King that iver set fut upon a throne. He was
a tall ould King, an' the hairs av him an' the beard av him was as white
as a shnow-flake, an' he had a long, grane dressin' gown, wid shamrocks av
goold all over it, an' a goold crown as high as a gintleman's hat, wid a
dimund as big as yer fisht on the front av it, an' silver shlippers on the
feet av him. An' he had grane cârpets on the groun' in the hall o' the
ould castle, an' begob, they do say that everything about the coort was
goold, but av that I'm not rightly sartain, barrin' the pipe. That was av
goold, bekase there's a picture av him hangin' in Michael Flaherty's
shebeen, an' the pipe is just the look av goold an' so it must have been.

"An' he was the besht King in Ireland, an' sorra a beggar 'ud come an the
dure, but the King 'ud come out in his gown an' shlippers an' ax him how
he come to be poor, an' sind him 'round to the kitchen to be warrumed wid
a dhrop av whishkey an' fed wid all the cold pitaties that was in the
panthry. All the people riz up whin he was a-walkin' down the shtrate wid
a big goold-top shtick in his hand, an' the crown a-shinin' on his head,
an' they said, 'God save yer Holiness,' an' he said, 'God save ye kindly,'
mighty perlite, bekase he was a dacent mannered ould King, an' 'ud shpake
to a poor divil that hadn't a coat on his back as quick as to wan av his
ginerals wid a goold watch an' a shiny hat. An' whin he wint into a shop,
sure they niver axed him to show the color av his money at all, but the
man 'ud say, 'God save ye! Sure ye can pay whin ye plaze, an' I'll sind it
be the postman whin he goes by.' An' the ould King 'ud say, 'Oh, I wont
throuble ye. Bedad, I'll carry it,' an' aff the blessed ould King 'ud go,
wid his bundles undher his arm, an' the crown on his head, as happy as a
widdy wid a new husband.

"An' there was six other ould Kings, that was frinds to him, an' they was
all as like him as six paze. Foor times a year they'd all come to Athenroy
fur a bit av a shpree like, bekase the King av Athenroy was the ouldest av
thim, an' they thought the worruld an' all av him. Faix, it was mighty
improvin' to see thim all a-goin' to chapel in the mornin', an' singin'
an' drinkin' an' playin' whisht in the avenin'. Sure thim was the blessed
days fur the counthry.

"Well me dear, in coorse av time, the six ould Kings all died, God rest
their sowls, but as aitch wan had a son to come afther him, the differ was
mighty shmall, for the young Kings was dacent shpoken lads an' kept on
comin' to Athenroy just like the ould Kings.

"Oh, bedad, I forgot to tell yez that the ould King had a dawther, that
was the light av his eyes. She was as tall as a sargent an' as shtrate as
a gun, an' her eyes was as blue as the shky an' shone like the shtars. An'
her hairs was t'reads av goold, an' she was the beautifulest woman iver
seen in Athenroy. An' shmall love there was for her, fur she was as cowld
as a wet Christmas. She didn't shpake often, bekase she wasn't wan o' thim
that 'ud deefen a smith, but whin she did, the tongue that was in the head
av her was like a sting-nettle, an' 'ud lash around like a throut on land.
An' ivery woman in the shtrate watched her like kites whin she set fut out
o' the dure, bekase she dressed as fine as a fiddle, wid a grane silk
gown, an' a blue bonnet wid yellow ribbins, an' a shtring av goold baids
the size av plums 'round her neck.

"Musha, thin, it's a quare thing entirely, that min like wan woman betther
than another. Begob, it's my belafe, savin' yer prisence, that there's not
the differ av a cowld pitaty bechune thim all whin it's a queshtion av
marryin' wan o' thim, an' if the whole worruld knewn that same, its few
hurted heads there'd be along o' the wimmin. Well, it was the divil's own
job, axin' yer pardon, but ivery wan o' thim young Kings tuk into his head
to fall in love wid the Princess Bridget, fur that was her name, an' a
good name it is; an' wan afther another, they'd shlip in whin they'd be
passin', to pay their respicts. Whin wan o' thim found out that another
wan was comin', he'd come the aftener himself to make up fur it, an'
afther a while, they all found out aitch other, an' thin, begob all o'
thim come to be beforehand wid the rest, an' from foor times in the year,
it was foor times in the week that the gang o' them 'ud be settin' in the
kitchen till the cock 'ud crow, all a-makin' love to the young Princess.

        [Illustration: "All a-makin' love to the Young Princess"]

"An' a fine sight it was to see thim, bekase they was all shtrivin' to do
somethin' for her. Whin she paled the pitaties fur the ould King's
brekquest, sure wan o' thim 'ud be givin' her the pitaties, another wan
'ud catch the palin' an' the rest lookin' on wid the invy shinin' out o'
their faces. Whin she dropped the thimble, you'd think the last wan 'ud
jump out av his shkin to get it, an' whin she wint to milk the cow, wan
'ud carry the pail, another wan 'ud fetch the shtool, an' two 'ud feed the
cow, an' two other wans 'ud hold the calf, an' aitch wan 'ud bless God
whin she gev him the laste shmile, bekase she was so cowld, d' ye mind,
that divil a wan o' thim all cud say that he'd get her at all.

"So at firsht, ould King Dennis, that bein' his name, was mighty plazed to
see the young chaps all afther his dawther, an' whin he knewn they was in
the kitchen, he'd shmoke his pipe an' have his sup be himself in the other
room so as to lave thim; an' whin he saw thim hangin' over the wall o' the
gârden beyant, or peepin' through the hedge, he'd let on not to parsave
thim; an' whin they folly'd the Princess to church, he was as proud as a
paycock to see thim settin' behind her wid their crowns in a row undher
the sate. But whin they kept an a-comin' ivery night in the week an'
drinkin' his whishkey an' shmokin' his besht terbakky,--more-betoken, whin
they begun' to be oncivil to aitch other, says he to himself, says he,
'Bedad,' says he, 'there'll be throuble if it kapes on thish-a-way. Sure
I'll shpake to the gurrul.'

"So he called to the Princess, 'Biddy,' says he.

"'What, Father?' says she.

"'Come here to me,' says he.

"'Sure how can I? I'm busy,' says she.

"'Phat's that you're at?' says he.

"'I'm afther shwapin' the kitchen,' says she.

"'Lave aff,' says he. 'Come to me at wanst,' says he.

"The ould King was very starn, bekase he knewn it was only an axcuse she
was afther makin,' an' she was lookin' that he'd be sayin' somethin' about
the young Kings an' was afther dodgin' as long as she cud. So whin he
shpoke so crass, she riz up aff the sate, for it was a fib she was
tellin', an' she didn't shwape the kitchen at all, an' that was done be
wan av the maids, an' gev a sigh, an' wint in the ould King's room.

"An' there was the ould King on his throne, his crown on his head,
shmokin' his goolden dhudeen wid a glass o' grog at his side, as
detarmined as he cud be. 'I'm wantin' to know,' says he, 'phat you're
afther goin' to do,' says he, 'in regârds av the young Kings,' says he.

"'Phat's that you're sayin', Father?' says she, mighty shly, as lettin' on
not to see phat he was drivin' at. The ould King repated his statemint.

"'Troth, then, I dunno, Father,' says she.

"'Do you mane to marry thim, at all, at all?' says he.

"'Not all o' thim,' says she, shmilin'.

"'Well, which wan o' thim?' says he.

"'How can I tell?' says she.

"'Has any o' thim axed ye?' says he.

"'Hasn't they all?' says she.

"'An' which wan do ye love besht?' says he.

"'Sure how do I know?' says she, an' sorra a word more cud he get from her
be all the queshtions he cud ax.

"But he tuk a dale av bother an' thin gev it up an' says to her, 'Go an'
get the supper,' says he, 'come in the throne-room afther brekquest wid
yer mind made.' But he was afeard she'd give him throuble fur it was the
cool face she had, an' afther she was gone he set his crown over wan ear
an' scrotched his head like a tinant on quarther day widout a pinny in his
pocket, bekase he knewn that whoever the gurrul tuk, the other five Kings
cud make throuble.

"So the next mornin', the Princess towld him phat she'd do, an' whin the
Kings come that night, he walks into the kitchen where they were shmokin',
an' makin' a low bow, he says, 'God save ye,' an' they all riz an' says,
'God save yer Holiness.' So he says, 'Bridget, go to bed immejitly, I'll
shpake to the jintlemin.' An' she wint away, lettin' an to shmile an'
consale her face, 't was the divil av a sharp gurrul she was, an' the ould
King set on the table an' towld thim phat she'd do. He towld thim they
must play fair, an' they said they would, an' thin he towld thim the
Princess wanted to see which was the besht man, so they must have shports
in her prisence, an' the next day afther the shports they'd find out who
she was goin' to marry. So they all aggrade, an' wint home at wanst to get
ready fur the shports.

"Faith, it 'ud 'uv done the sowl av ye good the next day to see the whole
av Ireland at the shports whin the contist bechune the Kings kem.

"'T was held in the field beyant, an' they made a ring an' the six young
Kings run races an' rassled an' played all the axcitin' games that was
iver knewn, aitch wid wan eye on the shports an' the other on the
Princess, that was shmilin' an thim all an' lookin' as plazed as a new
Mimber o' Parlaymint, an' so did they all, bekase, d' ye see, before the
shports begun, they was brought, wan at a time, in the coort, an' the
Princess talked wid aitch be himself, wasn't it the shly purtinder that
she was, fur whin they kem out, every wan was shmilin' to himself, as fur
to say he had a very agrayble saycret.

"So the shports was ended an' everybody wint home, barrin' thim as
shtopped at the shebeens. But sorra a wink o' shlape crassed the eyes av
wan o' the young Kings, fur the joy that was in the heart o' thim, bekase
aitch knewn he'd get the Princess.

"Whin the mornin' come, the like o' the flusthration that was in Athenroy
was niver seen afore, nor sense aither, fur [Illustration: "DIVIL A WAN O'
                           ME KNOWS," SAYS HE.]

                   "DIVIL A WAN O' ME KNOWS," SAYS HE.


whin the maid wint to call the Princess, sure she wasn't there. So they
sarched the coort from the garret to the cellar an' peeped in the well an'
found she was nowhere entirely.

"So they towld the ould King, an' says he, 'Baithershin, where is she at
all,' says he, 'an' phat'ull I be sayin' to the young Kings whin they
come.' An' there he was, a-tarin' the long white hair av him, whin the
young Kings all come.

"'God save yer Holiness,' says they to him.

"'God save ye kindly,' says he, fur wid all the sorra that was in him,
sure he didn't forgit to be perlite, bekase he was as cunnin' as a fox,
an' knewn he'd nade all his good manners to make aminds fur his dawther's
absince. So, says he, 'God save ye kindly,' says he, bowin'.

"'An' where is the Princess?' says they.

"'Divil a wan o' me knows,' says he.

"'Sure it's jokin' wid us ye are,' says the Kings.

"'Faix, I'm not,' says the ould King. 'Bad cess to the thrace av her was
seen sense she went to bed.'

"'Sure she didn't go to bed entirely,' says the maid, 'the bed wasn't
touched, an' her besht gown's gone.'

"'An' where has she gone?' says the Kings.

"'Tare an' 'ounds,' says the ould King, 'am n't I ignerant entirely? Och,
Biddy, Biddy, how cud ye sarve me so?' a-wringing his hands wid the graif.

"Well, at firsht the Kings looked at aitch other as if the eyes 'ud lave
thim, bein' all dazed like an' sarcumvinted intirely. An' thin they got
their wits about thim, an' begun to be angry.

"'It's desayvin' us ye are, ye outprobious ould villin,' says they to him.
'Musha, thin, bad cess to ye, bring out the Princess an' let her make her
chice bechune us, or it'll be the worse fur ye, ye palaverin' ould daddy
long-legs,' says they.

"'God bechune us an' harm,' says the ould King, 'sure d' ye think it's
makin' fun av ye I am, an' me spindin' more than tin pounds yestherday fur
whishkey an the shports? Faix, she's gone,' says he.

"'Where to?' says they.

"'Divil a know I know,' says he, wid the face av him gettin' red, an' wid
that word they all wint away in a tarin' rage wid him, fur they consaved,
an' shmall blame to thim, that he had her consaled in the coort an' was
shtrivin' to chate thim.

"An' they wint home an' got their armies, an' come back wid 'em that
night, an' while the ould King an' his min were all ashlape they made
these piles av airth to take the city whin the day 'ud break.

"Whin the ould King riz an' tuk a walk an the roof wid his shlippers, sure
phat 'ud he see but banners a-wavin', soords a-flashin', an' the ears av
him was deefened wid the thrumpets. 'Bad scran to the idjits,' says he;
'phat's that they're afther?' says he. 'Isn't there more nor wan woman in
the worruld, that they're makin' a bother afther Bridget?' So wid that he
ordhered his min to get ready wid their waypons, an' before the battle 'ud
begin, he wint out to thry an' make a thraty.

"While they were a-talkin', up comes wan av the King's tinants, wid a
donkey an' a load av sayweed fur the King's gârden, that he'd been to
Galway afther. 'God save ye,' says he, a-touchin' his cap; 'where is the
six Kings?'

"'An' phat d'ye want, ye blaggârd?' says they, lookin' lofty.

"'I've a message fur yez,' says he, 'from the young Princess,' an' whin
they heard him shpake, they all stopped to listen.

"'She sent her respicts,' says he, 'an' bid me tell yez that she was
afther kapin' her word an' lettin' yer Honors know who she was goin' to
marry. It's the King av Galway that's in it, if it's plazin' to ye, an'
she says she'll sind yez a bit av the cake. I met her lasht night in the
road ridin' wid him on a câr an' had a bundle undher her arrum. Divil a
taste av a lie's in it entirely.'

"Bad cess to the gurrul, it was thrue fur him, fur she had run away. But,
my dear, it was as good as the theayter to see the six young Kings an' the
ould King, a-lookin' at aitch other as stupid as a jackass, all as wan as
the castle 'ad 'a' fallen on thim. But they was sinsible young fellys, an'
seen the Princess had desaved thim all complately.

     [Illustration: "The Princess had disayved thim all complately"]

"'Bad scran to the gurrul,' says they, 'an' it's the blessed fools we was
fur belavin' her.' Thin they come to talk to aitch other, an' wan says,
'Sure she thought most av me, fur she towld me she hoped I'd bate yez,'
says he. 'Begob, she said to me that same,' says the other wans, an' they
stud, scrotchin' the heads av thim an' disconsarted intirely.

"'An' phat's the good av fightin,' says the ould King, 'bein' as we're all
in the thrap at wanst?'

"'Thrue fur ye,' says they. 'We'll dispinse widout her. We'll have it out
wid the King o' Galway,' says they.

"An' they all wint into the coort an' had the bit an' sup, an' made a
thraty forninst the King av Galway. It was the great war that was in it,
the Siven Kings wid the King av Galway, an' bate him out o' the counthry
intirely. But it's my consate that they was all fools to be afther
fightin' consarnin' wan woman whin the worruld is full o' thim, an' any
wan competint to give a man plenty to think av, bekase whin she gives her
attinshun to it, any woman can be the divil complately."

               [Illustration: "All disconsarted entirely"]





TAMING THE POOKA.


             [Illustration: Initial: "Taming the Pooka"]

The west and northwest coast of Ireland shows many remarkable geological
formations, but, excepting the Giant's Causeway, no more striking
spectacle is presented than that to the south of Galway Bay. From the sea,
the mountains rise in terraces like gigantic stairs, the layers of stone
being apparently harder and denser on the upper surfaces than beneath, so
the lower portion of each layer, disintegrating first, is washed away by
the rains and a clearly defined step is formed. These terraces are
generally about twenty feet high, and of a breadth, varying with the
situation and exposure, of from ten to fifty feet.

The highway from Ennis to Ballyvaughn, a fishing village opposite Galway,
winds, by a circuitous course, through these freaks of nature, and, on the
long descent from the high land to the sea level, passes the most
conspicuous of the neighboring mountains, the Corkscrew Hill. The general
shape of the mountain is conical, the terraces composing it are of
wonderful regularity from the base to the peak, and the strata being
sharply upturned from the horizontal, the impression given is that of a
broad road carved out of the sides of the mountain and winding by an easy
ascent to the summit.

"'Tis the Pooka's Path they call it," said the car-man. "Phat's the Pooka?
Well, that's not aisy to say. It's an avil sper't that does be always in
mischief, but sure it niver does sarious harrum axceptin' to thim that
desarves it, or thim that shpakes av it disrespictful. I never seen it,
Glory be to God, but there's thim that has, and be the same token, they do
say that it looks like the finest black horse that iver wore shoes. But it
isn't a horse at all at all, for no horse 'ud have eyes av fire, or be
breathin' flames av blue wid a shmell o' sulfur, savin' yer presince, or a
shnort like thunder, and no mortial horse 'ud take the lapes it does, or
go as fur widout gettin' tired. Sure when it give Tim O'Bryan the ride it
give him, it wint from Gort to Athlone wid wan jump, an' the next it tuk
he was in Mullingyar, and the next was in Dublin, and back agin be way av
Kilkenny an' Limerick, an' niver turned a hair. How far is that? Faith I
dunno, but it's a power av distance, an' clane acrost Ireland an' back. He
knew it was the Pooka bekase it shpake to him like a Christian mortial,
only it isn't agrayble in its language an' 'ull niver give ye a dacint
word afther ye're on its back, an' sometimes not before aither.

"Sure Dennis O'Rourke was afther comin' home wan night, it was only a boy
I was, but I mind him tellin' the shtory, an' it was at a fair in Galway
he'd been. He'd been havin' a sup, some says more, but whin he come to the
rath, and jist beyant where the fairies dance and ferninst the wall where
the polisman was shot last winther, he fell in the ditch, quite spint and
tired complately. It wasn't the length as much as the wideness av the road
was in it, fur he was goin' from wan side to the other an' it was too much
fur him entirely. So he laid shtill fur a bit and thin thried fur to get
up, but his legs wor light and his head was heavy, an' whin he attimpted
to get his feet an the road 'twas his head that was an it, bekase his legs
cudn't balance it. Well, he laid there and was bet entirely, an' while he
was studyin' how he'd raise, he heard the throttin' av a horse on the
road. ''Tis meself 'ull get the lift now,' says he, and laid waitin', and
up comes the Pooka. Whin Dennis seen him, begob, he kivered his face wid
his hands and turned on the breast av him, and roared wid fright like a
bull.

                   [Illustration: Dennis and the Pooka]

"'Arrah thin, ye snakin' blaggârd,' says the Pooka, mighty short, 'lave
aff yer bawlin' or I'll kick ye to the ind av next week,' says he to him.

"But Dennis was scairt, an' bellered louder than afore, so the Pooka, wid
his hoof, give him a crack on the back that knocked the wind out av him.

"'Will ye lave aff,' says the Pooka, 'or will I give ye another, ye
roarin' dough-face?'

"Dennis left aff blubberin' so the Pooka got his timper back.

"'Shtand up, ye guzzlin' sarpint,' says the Pooka, 'I'll give ye a ride.'

"'Plaze yer Honor,' says Dennis, 'I can't. Sure I've not been afther
drinkin' at all, but shmokin' too much an' atin', an' it's sick I am, and
not ontoxicated.'

"'Och, ye dhrunken buzzard,' says the Pooka, 'Don't offer fur to desave
me,' liftin' up his hoof agin, an' givin' his tail a swish that sounded
like the noise av a catheract, 'Didn't I thrack ye for two miles be yer
breath,' says he, 'An' you shmellin' like a potheen fact'ry,' says he,
'An' the nose on yer face as red as a turkey-cock's. Get up, or I'll lift
ye,' says he, jumpin' up an' cracking his hind fut like he was doin' a
jig.

"Dennis did his best, an' the Pooka helped him wid a grip o' the teeth on
his collar.

"'Pick up yer caubeen,' says the Pooka, 'an' climb up. I'll give ye such a
ride as ye niver dhramed av.'

"'Ef it's plazin' to yer Honor,' says Dennis, 'I'd laver walk. Ridin'
makes me dizzy,' says he.

"''Tis not plazin',' says the Pooka, 'will ye get up or will I kick the
shtuffin' out av yer cowardly carkidge,' says he, turnin' round an'
flourishin' his heels in Dennis' face.

"Poor Dennis thried, but he cudn't, so the Pooka tuk him to the wall an'
give him a lift an it, an' whin Dennis was mounted, an' had a tight howld
on the mane, the first lep he give was down the rock there, a thousand
feet into the field ye see, thin up agin, an' over the mountain, an' into
the say, an' out agin, from the top av the waves to the top av the
mountain, an' afther the poor soggarth av a ditcher was nigh onto dead,
the Pooka come back here wid him an' dhropped him in the ditch where he
found him, an' blowed in his face to put him to slape, so lavin' him. An'
they found Dennis in the mornin' an' carried him home, no more cud he walk
for a fortnight be razon av the wakeness av his bones fur the ride he'd
had.

"But sure, the Pooka's a different baste entirely to phat he was afore
King Bryan-Boru tamed him. Niver heard av him? Well, he was the king av
Munster an' all Ireland an' tamed the Pooka wanst fur all on the
Corkschrew Hill ferninst ye.

"Ye see, in the owld days, the counthry was full av avil sper'ts, an'
fairies an' witches, an' divils entirely, and the harrum they done was
onsaycin', for they wor always comin' an' goin', like Mulligan's blanket,
an' widout so much as sayin', by yer lave. The fairies 'ud be dancin' on
the grass every night be the light av the moon, an' stalin' away the
childhre, an' many's the wan they tuk that niver come back. The owld rath
on the hill beyant was full av the dead, an' afther nightfall they'd come
from their graves an' walk in a long line wan afther another to the owld
church in the valley where they'd go in an' stay till cock-crow, thin
they'd come out agin an' back to the rath. Sorra a parish widout a witch,
an' some nights they'd have a great enthertainmint on the Corkschrew Hill,
an' you'd see thim, wid shnakes on their arrums an' necks an' ears, be way
av jewels, an' the eyes av dead men in their hair, comin' for miles an'
miles, some ridin' through the air on shticks an' bats an' owls, an' some
walkin', an' more on Pookas an' horses wid wings that 'ud come up in line
to the top av the hill, like the cabs at the dure o' the theayter, an'
lave thim there an' hurry aff to bring more.

"Sometimes the Owld Inimy, Satan himself, 'ud be there at the
enthertainmint, comin' an a monsthrous draggin, wid grane shcales an' eyes
like the lightnin' in the heavens, an' a roarin' fiery mouth like a
lime-kiln. It was the great day thin, for they do say all the witches
brought their rayports at thim saysons fur to show him phat they done.

"Some 'ud tell how they shtopped the wather in a spring, an'
inconvanienced the nabers, more 'ud show how they dhried the cow's milk,
an' made her kick the pail, an' they'd all laugh like to shplit. Some had
blighted the corn, more had brought the rains on the harvest. Some towld
how their enchantmints made the childhre fall ill, some said how they set
the thatch on fire, more towld how they shtole the eggs, or spiled the
crame in the churn, or bewitched the butther so it 'udn't come, or led the
shape into the bog. But that wasn't all.

"Wan 'ud have the head av a man murthered be her manes, an' wid it the
hand av him hung fur the murther; wan 'ud bring the knife she'd scuttled a
boat wid an' pint in the say to where the corpses laid av the fishermen
she'd dhrownded; wan 'ud carry on her breast the child she'd shtolen an'
meant to bring up in avil, an' another wan 'ud show the little white body
av a babby she'd smothered in its slape. And the corpse-candles 'ud tell
how they desaved the thraveller, bringin' him to the river, an' the avil
sper'ts 'ud say how they dhrew him in an' down to the bottom in his sins
an' thin to the pit wid him. An' owld Belzebub 'ud listen to all av thim,
wid a rayporther, like thim that's afther takin' down the spaches at a
Lague meetin', be his side, a-writing phat they said, so as whin they come
to be paid, it 'udn't be forgotten.

"Thim wor the times fur the Pookas too, fur they had power over thim that
wint forth afther night, axceptin' it was on an arriant av marcy they
were. But sorra a sinner that hadn't been to his juty reglar 'ud iver see
the light av day agin afther meetin' a Pooka thin, for the baste 'ud
aither kick him to shmithereens where he stud, or lift him on his back wid
his teeth an' jump into the say wid him, thin dive, lavin' him to dhrownd,
or shpring over a clift wid him an' tumble him to the bottom a bleedin'
corpse. But wasn't there the howls av joy whin a Pooka 'ud catch a sinner
unbeknownst, an' fetch him on the Corkschrew wan o' the nights Satan was
there. Och, God defind us, phat a sight it was. They made a ring wid the
corpse-candles, while the witches tore him limb from limb, an' the fiends
drunk his blood in red-hot iron noggins wid shrieks o' laughter to smother
his schreams, an' the Pookas jumped on his body an' thrampled it into the
ground, an' the timpest 'ud whishle a chune, an' the mountains about 'ud
kape time, an' the Pookas, an' witches, an' sper'ts av avil, an'
corpse-candles, an' bodies o' the dead, an' divils, 'ud all jig together
round the rock where owld Belzebub 'ud set shmilin', as fur to say he'd ax
no betther divarshun. God's presince be wid us, it makes me crape to think
av it.

"Well, as I was afther sayin', in the time av King Bryan, the Pookas done
a dale o' harrum, but as thim that they murthered wor dhrunken bastes that
wor in the shebeens in the day an' in the ditch be night, an' wasn't
missed whin the Pookas tuk them, the King paid no attintion, an' small
blame to him that 's.

"But wan night, the queen's babby fell ill, an' the king says to his man,
says he, 'Here, Riley, get you up an' on the white mare an' go fur the
docther.'

"'Musha thin,' says Riley, an' the king's counthry house was in the break
o' the hills, so Riley 'ud pass the rath an' the Corkschrew on the way
afther the docther; 'Musha thin,' says he, aisey and on the quiet, 'it's
mesilf that doesn't want that same job.'

"So he says to the king, 'Won't it do in the mornin'?'

"'It will not,' says the king to him. 'Up, ye lazy beggar, atin' me bread,
an' the life lavin' me child.'

"So he wint, wid great shlowness, tuk the white mare, an' aff, an' that
was the last seen o' him or the mare aither, fur the Pooka tuk 'em. Sorra
a taste av a lie's in it, for thim that said they seen him in Cork two
days afther, thrading aff the white mare, was desaved be the sper'ts, that
made it seem to be him whin it wasn't that they've a thrick o' doin'.

"Well, the babby got well agin, bekase the docther didn't get there, so
the king left botherin' afther it and begun to wondher about Riley an' the
white mare, and sarched fur thim but didn't find thim. An' thin he knewn
that they was gone entirely, bekase, ye see, the Pooka didn't lave as much
as a hair o' the mare's tail.

"'Wurra thin,' says he, 'is it horses that the Pooka 'ull be stalin'? Bad
cess to its impidince! This 'ull niver do. Sure we'll be ruinated
entirely,' says he.

"Mind ye now, it's my consate from phat he said, that the king wasn't
consarned much about Riley, fur he knewn that he cud get more Irishmen
whin he wanted thim, but phat he meant to say was that if the Pooka tuk to
horse-stalin', he'd be ruinated entirely, so he would, for where 'ud he
get another white mare? So it was a mighty sarious question an' he retired
widin himself in the coort wid a big book that he had that towld saycrets.
He'd a sight av larnin', had the king, aquel to a school-masther, an' a
head that 'ud sarcumvint a fox.

"So he read an' read as fast as he cud, an' afther readin' widout
shtoppin', barrin' fur the bit an' sup, fur siven days an' nights, he come
out, an' whin they axed him cud he bate the Pooka now, he said niver a
word, axceptin' a wink wid his eye, as fur to say he had him.

         [Illustration: "He'd a sight of larnin', had the King"]

"So that day he was in the fields an' along be the hedges an' ditches from
sunrise to sunset, collectin' the matarials av a dose fur the Pooka, but
phat he got, faith, I dunno, no more does any wan, fur he never said, but
kep the saycret to himself an' didn't say it aven to the quane, fur he
knewn that saycrets run through a woman like wather in a ditch. But there
was wan thing about it that he cudn't help tellin', fur he wanted it but
cudn't get it widout help, an' that was three hairs from the Pooka's tail,
axceptin' which the charm 'udn't work. So he towld a man he had, he'd give
him no end av goold if he'd get thim fur him, but the felly pulled aff his
caubeen an' scrotched his head an' says, 'Faix, yer Honor, I dunno phat'll
be the good to me av the goold if the Pooka gets a crack at me carkidge
wid his hind heels,' an' he wudn't undhertake the job on no wages, so the
king begun to be afeared that his loaf was dough.

"But it happen'd av the Friday, this bein' av a Chewsday, that the Pooka
caught a sailor that hadn't been on land only long enough to get bilin'
dhrunk, an' got him on his back, so jumped over the clift wid him lavin'
him dead enough, I go bail. Whin they come to sarch the sailor to see phat
he had in his pockets, they found three long hairs round the third button
av his top-coat. So they tuk thim to the king tellin' him where they got
thim, an' he was greatly rejiced, bekase now he belaved he had the Pooka
sure enough, so he ended his inchantmint.

"But as the avenin' come, he riz a doubt in the mind av him thish-a-way.
Ev the three hairs wor out av the Pooka's tail, the charm 'ud be good
enough, but if they wasn't, an' was from his mane inshtead, or from a
horse inshtead av a Pooka, the charm 'udn't work an' the Pooka 'ud get
atop av him wid all the feet he had at wanst an' be the death av him
immejitly. So this nate and outprobrious argymint shtruck the king wid
great force an' fur a bit, he was onaisey. But wid a little sarcumvintion,
he got round it, for he confist an' had absolution so as he'd be ready,
thin he towld wan av the sarvints to come in an' tell him afther supper,
that there was a poor widdy in the boreen beyant the Corkschrew that
wanted help that night, that it 'ud be an arriant av marcy he'd be on, an'
so safe agin the Pooka if the charm didn't howld.

"'Sure, phat'll be the good o' that?' says the man, 'It 'ull be a lie, an'
won't work.'

"'Do you be aisey in yer mind,' says the king to him agin, 'do as yer
towld an' don't argy, for that's a pint av mettyfisics,' says he, faix it
was a dale av deep larnin' he had, 'that's a pint av mettyfisics an' the
more ye argy on thim subjics, the less ye know,' says he, an' it's thrue
fur him. 'Besides, aven if it's a lie, it'll desave the Pooka, that's no
mettyfishian, an' it's my belafe that the end is good enough for the
manes,' says he, a-thinking av the white mare.

"So, afther supper, as the king was settin' afore the fire, an' had the
charm in his pocket, the sarvint come in and towld him about the widdy.

"'Begob,' says the king, like he was surprised, so as to desave the Pooka
complately, 'Ev that's thrue, I must go relave her at wanst.' So he riz
an' put on sojer boots, wid shpurs on 'em a fut acrost, an' tuk a long
whip in his hand, for fear, he said, the widdy 'ud have dogs, thin wint to
his chist an' tuk his owld stockin' an' got a suv'rin out av it,--Och,
'twas the shly wan he was, to do everything so well,--an' wint out wid his
right fut first, an' the shpurs a-rattlin' as he walked.

"He come acrost the yard, an' up the hill beyant yon an' round the corner,
but seen nothin' at all. Thin up the fut path round the Corkscrew an' met
niver a sowl but a dog that he cast a shtone at. But he didn't go out av
the road to the widdy's, for he was afeared that if he met the Pooka an'
he caught him in a lie, not bein' in the road to where he said he was
goin', it 'ud be all over wid him. So he walked up an' down bechuxt the
owld church below there an' the rath on the hill, an' jist as the clock
was shtrikin' fur twelve, he heard a horse in front av him, as he was
walkin' down, so he turned an' wint the other way, gettin' his charm
ready, an' the Pooka come up afther him.

"'The top o' the mornin' to yer Honor,' says the Pooka, as perlite as a
Frinchman, for he seen be his close that the king wasn't a common blaggârd
like us, but was wan o' the rale quolity.

"'Me sarvice to ye,' says the king to him agin, as bowld as a ram, an'
whin the Pooka heard him shpake, he got perliter than iver, an' made a low
bow an' shcrape wid his fut, thin they wint on together an' fell into
discoorse.

"''Tis a black night for thravelin',' says the Pooka.

"'Indade it is,' says the king, 'it's not me that 'ud be out in it, if it
wasn't a case o' needcessity. I'm on an arriant av charity,' says he.

"'That's rale good o' ye,' says the Pooka to him, 'and if I may make bowld
to ax, phat's the needcessity?'

"''Tis to relave a widdy-woman,' says the king.

"'Oho,' says the Pooka, a-throwin' back his head laughin' wid great
plazin'ness an' nudgin' the king wid his leg on the arrum, beways that it
was a joke it was bekase the king said it was to relave a widdy he was
goin'. 'Oho,' says the Pooka, ''tis mesilf that's glad to be in the
comp'ny av an iligint jintleman that's on so plazin' an arriant av marcy,'
says he. 'An' how owld is the widdy-woman?' says he, bustin' wid the
horrid laugh he had.

                 [Illustration: "The Quane a-gosterin'"]

"'Musha thin,' says the king, gettin' red in the face an' not likin' the
joke the laste bit, for jist betune us, they do say that afore he married
the quane, he was the laddy-buck wid the wimmin, an' the quane's maid
towld the cook, that towld the footman, that said to the gârdener, that
towld the nabers that many's the night the poor king was as wide awake as
a hare from sun to sun wid the quane a-gostherin' at him about that same.
More betoken, there was a widdy in it, that was as sharp as a rat-thrap
an' surrounded him whin he was young an' hadn't as much sinse as a goose,
an' was like to marry him at wanst in shpite av all his relations, as
widdys undhershtand how to do. So it's my consate that it wasn't dacint
for the Pooka to be afther laughin' that-a-way, an' shows that avil
sper'ts is dirthy blaggârds that can't talk wid jintlemin. 'Musha,' thin,
says the king, bekase the Pooka's laughin' wasn't agrayble to listen to,
'I don't know that same, fur I niver seen her, but, be jagers, I belave
she's a hundherd, an' as ugly as Belzebub, an' whin her owld man was
alive, they tell me she had a timper like a gandher, an' was as aisey to
manage as an armful o' cats,' says he. 'But she's in want, an' I'm afther
bringin' her a suv'rin,' says he.

"Well, the Pooka sayced his laughin', fur he seen the king was very vexed,
an' says to him, 'And if it's plazin', where does she live?'

"'At the ind o' the boreen beyant the Corkschrew,' says the king, very
short.

"'Begob, that's a good bit,' says the Pooka.

"'Faix, it's thrue for ye,' says the king, 'more betoken, it's up hill
ivery fut o' the way, an' me back is bruk entirely wid the stapeness,'
says he, be way av a hint he'd like a ride.

"'Will yer Honor get upon me back,' says the Pooka. 'Sure I'm afther goin'
that-a-way, an' you don't mind gettin' a lift?' says he, a-fallin' like
the stupid baste he was, into the thrap the king had made fur him.

"'Thanks,' says the king, 'I b'lave not. I've no bridle nor saddle,' says
he, 'besides, it's the shpring o' the year, an' I'm afeared ye're
sheddin', an' yer hair 'ull come aff an' spile me new britches,' says he,
lettin' on to make axcuse.

"'Have no fear,' says the Pooka. 'Sure I niver drop me hair. It's no
ordhinary garron av a horse I am, but a most oncommon baste that's used to
the quolity,' says he.

"'Yer spache shows that,' says the king, the clever man that he was, to be
perlite that-a-way to a Pooka, that's known to be a divil out-en-out, 'but
ye must exqueeze me this avenin', bekase, d'ye mind, the road's full o'
shtones an' monsthrous stape, an' ye look so young, I'm afeared ye'll
shtumble an' give me a fall,' says he.

"'Arrah thin,' says the Pooka, 'it's thrue fur yer Honor, I do look
young,' an' he begun to prance on the road givin' himself airs like an
owld widdy man afther wantin' a young woman, 'but me age is owlder than
ye'd suppoge. How owld 'ud ye say I was,' says he, shmilin'.

    [Illustration: "IF IT'S AGGRAYBLE TO YE, I'LL LOOK IN YER MOUTH."]

            "IF IT'S AGGRAYBLE TO YE, I'LL LOOK IN YER MOUTH."


"'Begorra, divil a bit know I,' says the king, 'but if it's agrayble to
ye, I'll look in yer mouth an' give ye an answer,' says he.

"So the Pooka come up to him fair an' soft an' stratched his mouth like as
he thought the king was wantin' fur to climb in, an' the king put his hand
on his jaw like as he was goin' to see the teeth he had: and thin, that
minnit he shlipped the three hairs round the Pooka's jaw, an' whin he done
that, he dhrew thim tight, an' said the charm crossin' himself the while,
an' immejitly the hairs wor cords av stale, an' held the Pooka tight, be
way av a bridle.

"'Arra-a-a-h, now, ye bloody baste av a murtherin' divil ye,' says the
king, pullin' out his big whip that he had consaled in his top-coat, an'
giving the Pooka a crack wid it undher his stummick, 'I'll give ye a ride
ye won't forgit in a hurry,' says he, 'ye black Turk av a four-legged
nagur an' you shtaling me white mare,' says he, hittin' him agin.

"'Oh my,' says the Pooka, as he felt the grip av the iron on his jaw an'
knewn he was undher an inchantmint, 'Oh my, phat's this at all,' rubbin'
his breast wid his hind heel, where the whip had hit him, an' thin jumpin'
wid his fore feet out to cotch the air an' thryin' fur to break away.
'Sure I'm ruined, I am, so I am,' says he.

"'It's thrue fur ye,' says the king, 'begob it's the wan thrue thing ye
iver said,' says he, a-jumpin' on his back, an' givin' him the whip an'
the two shpurs wid all his might.

"Now I forgot to tell ye that whin the king made his inchantmint, it was
good fur siven miles round, and the Pooka knewn that same as well as the
king an' so he shtarted like a cunshtable was afther him, but the king was
afeared to let him go far, thinkin' he'd do the siven miles in a jiffy,
an' the inchantmint 'ud be broken like a rotten shtring, so he turned him
up the Corkschrew.

"'I'll give ye all the axercise ye want,' says he, 'in thravellin' round
this hill,' an' round an' round they wint, the king shtickin' the big
shpurs in him every jump an' crackin' him wid the whip till his sides run
blood in shtrames like a mill race, an' his schreams av pain wor heard all
over the worruld so that the king av France opened his windy and axed the
polisman why he didn't shtop the fightin' in the shtrate. Round an' round
an' about the Corkschrew wint the king, a-lashin' the Pooka, till his feet
made the path ye see on the hill bekase he wint so often.

                   [Illustration: "The Pooka Spirits"]

"And whin mornin' come, the Pooka axed the king phat he'd let him go fur,
an' the king was gettin' tired an' towld him that he must niver shtale
another horse, an' never kill another man, barrin' furrin blaggârds that
wasn't Irish, an' whin he give a man a ride, he must bring him back to the
shpot where he got him an' lave him there. So the Pooka consinted, Glory
be to God, an' got aff, an' that's the way he was tamed, an' axplains how
it was that Dennis O'Rourke was left be the Pooka in the ditch jist where
he found him."

"More betoken, the Pooka's an althered baste every way, fur now he dhrops
his hair like a common horse, and it's often found shtickin' to the hedges
where he jumped over, an' they do say he doesn't shmell half as shtrong o'
sulfur as he used, nor the fire out o' his nose isn't so bright. But all
the king did fur him 'ud n't taiche him to be civil in his spache, an'
whin he meets ye in the way, he spakes just as much like a blaggârd as
ever. An' it's out av divilmint entirely he does it, bekase he can be
perlite as ye know be phat I towld ye av him sayin' to the king, an' that
proves phat I said to ye that avil sper'ts can't larn rale good manners,
no matther how hard they thry.

"But the fright he got never left him, an' so he kapes out av the highways
an' thravels be the futpaths, an' so isn't often seen. An' it's my belafe
that he can do no harrum at all to thim that fears God, an' there's thim
that says he niver shows himself nor meddles wid man nor mortial barrin'
they're in dhrink, an' mebbe there's something in that too, fur it doesn't
take much dhrink to make a man see a good dale."





THE SEXTON OF CASHEL.


           [Illustration: Initial: "The Sexton of Casbel"]

All over Ireland, from Cork to Belfast, from Dublin to Galway, are
scattered the ruins of churches, abbeys, and ecclesiastical buildings, the
relics of a country once rich, prosperous and populous. These ruins raise
their castellated walls and towers, noble even in decay, sometimes in the
midst of a village, crowded with the miserably poor, sometimes on a
mountain, in every direction commanding magnificent prospects; sometimes
on an island in one of the lakes, which, like emeralds in a setting of
deeper green, gem the surface of the rural landscape and contribute to
increase the beauty of scenery not surpassed in the world.

Ages ago the voice of prayer and the song of praise ceased to ascend from
these sacred edifices, and they are now visited only by strangers, guides,
and parties of humble peasants, the foremost bearing on their shoulders
the remains of a companion to be laid within the hallowed enclosure, for
although the church is in ruins, the ground in and about it is still holy
and in service when pious hands lay away in the bosom of earth the bodies
of those who have borne the last burden, shed the last tear, and succumbed
to the last enemy. But among all the pitiable spectacles presented in this
               unhappy [Illustration: THE ROCK OF CASHEL.]

                           THE ROCK OF CASHEL.


country, none is better calculated to inspire sad reflections than a rural
graveyard. The walls of the ruined church tower on high, with massive
cornice and pointed window; within stand monuments and tombs of the Irish
great; kings, princes, and archbishops lie together, while about the
hallowed edifice are huddled the graves of the poor; here, sinking so as
to be indistinguishable from the sod; there, rising in new-made
proportions; yonder, marked with a wooden cross, or a round stick, the
branch of a tree rudely trimmed, but significant as the only token bitter
poverty could furnish of undying love; while over all the graves, alike of
the high born and of the lowly, the weeds and nettles grow.

"Sure there's no saxton, Sorr," said car-man Jerry Magwire, in answer to a
question, "We dig the graves ourselves whin we put them away, an'
sometimes there's a fight in the place whin two berryin's meet. Why is
that? Faith, it's not for us to be talkin' o' them deep subjects widout
respict, but it's the belafe that the last wan berrid must be carryin'
wather all the time to the sowls in Purgathory till the next wan comes to
take the place av him. So, ye mind, when two berryin's happen to meet,
aitch party is shtrivin' to be done foorst, an' wan thries to make the
other lave aff, an' thin they have it. Troth, Irishmen are too handy wid
their fishts entirely, it's a weak pint wid 'em. But it's a sad sight, so
it is, to see the graves wid the nettles on thim an' the walls all
tumblin'. It isn't every owld church that has a caretaker like him of
Cashel. Bedad, he was betther nor a flock av goats to banish the weeds.

"Who was he? Faith, I niver saw him but the wan time, an' thin I had only
a shot at him as he was turnin' a corner, for it was as I was lavin'
Cormac's chapel the time I wint to Cashel on a pinance, bekase av a little
throuble on me mind along av a pig that wasn't mine, but got mixed wid
mine whin I was afther killin' it. But, as I obsarved, it was only a shot
at him I had, for it wasn't aften that he was seen in the daytime, but
done all his work in the night, an' it isn't me that 'ud be climbin' the
Rock av Cashel afther the sun 'ud go to slape. Not that there's avil
sper'ts there, for none that's bad can set fut on that holy ground day or
night, but I'm not afther wantin' to meet a sper't av any kind, even if
it's good, for how can ye tell about thim. Sure aven the blessed saints
have been desaved, an' it's not for a sinner like me to be settin' up for
to know more than thimselves. But it was the long, bent body that he had,
like he'd a burdhen on his back, as they say, God be good to him, he had
on his sowl, an' a thin, white face wid the hair an' beard hangin' about
it, an' the great, blue eyes lookin' out as if he was gazin' on the other
worruld. No, I didn't run down the rock, but I didn't walk aither, but
jist bechuxt the two, wid a sharp eye round the corners that I passed. No
more do I belave there was harrum in him, but, God's prisence be about us,
ye can't tell.

"He was a man o' Clare be the name av Paddy O'Sullivan, an' lived on the
highway betune Crusheen an' Ennis, an' they do say that whin he was a lad,
there wasn't a finer to be seen in the County; a tall, shtrappin' young
felly wid an eye like a bay'net, an' a fisht like a shmith, an' the fut
an' leg av him 'ud turn the hearts o' half the wimmin in the parish. An'
they was all afther him, like they always do be whin a man is good
lookin', sure I've had a little o' that same exparience mesilf. Ye needn't
shmile. I know me head has no more hair on it than an egg, an' I think me
last tooth 'ull come out tomorrer, bad cess to the day, but they do say
that forty years ago, I cud have me pick av the gurruls, an' mebbe they're
mishtaken an' mebbe not. But I was sayin', the gurruls were afther Paddy
like rats afther chaze, an' sorra a wan o' thim but whin she spied him on
the road, 'ud shlip behind the hedge to shmooth her locks a bit an' set
the shawl shtraight on her head. An' whin there was a bit av a dance,
niver a boy 'ud get a chance till Paddy made his chice to dance wid, an'
sorra a good word the rest o' the gurruls 'ud give that same. Och, the
tongues that wimmin have! Sure they're sharper nor a draggin's tooth.
Faith, I know that well too, for I married two o' them an' larned a deal
too afther doin' it, an' axin' yer pardon, it's my belafe that if min
knewn as much before marryin' as afther, bedad, the owld maid population
'ud be greatly incrased.

"Howandiver, afther a bit, Paddy left carin' for thim all, that, in my
consate, is a moighty safe way, and begun to look afther wan. Her name was
Nora O'Moore, an' she was as clever a gurrul as 'ud be found bechuxt
Limerick an' Galway. She was kind o' resarved like, wid a face as pale as
a shroud, an' hair as black as a crow, an' eyes that looked at ye an'
never seen ye. No more did she talk much, an' whin Paddy 'ud be sayin' his
fine spaches, she'd listen wid her eyes cast down, an' whin she'd had
enough av his palaver, she'd jist look at him, an' somehow Paddy felt that
his p'liteness wasn't the thing to work wid. He cudn't undhershtand her,
an' bedad, many's the man that's caught be not undhershtandin' thim.
There's rivers that's quiet on top bekase they're deep, an' more that's
quiet bekase they're not deep enough to make a ripple, but phat's the
differ if ye can't sound thim, an' whin a woman's quiet, begorra, it's not
aisy to say if she's deep or shallow. But Nora was a deep wan, an' as good
as iver drew a breath. She thought a dale av Paddy, only she'd be torn
limb from limb afore she'd let him know it till he confist first. Well, my
dear, Paddy wint on, at firsht it was only purtindin' he was, an' whin he
found she cudn't be tuk wid his chaff, he got in airnest, an' afore he
knewn it, he was dead in love wid Nora, an' had as much show for gettin'
out agin as a shape in a bog, an' sorra a bit did he know at all at all,
whether she cared a traneen for him. It's funny entirely that whin a man
thinks a woman is afther him, he's aff like a hare, but if she doesn't
care a rap, begob, he'll give the nose aff his face to get her. So it was
wid Paddy an' Nora, axceptin' that Paddy didn't know that Nora wanted him
as much as he wanted her.

"So, wan night, whin he was bringin' her from a dance that they'd been at,
he said to her that he loved her betther than life an' towld her would she
marry him, an' she axed was it jokin' or in airnest he was, an' he said
cud she doubt it whin he loved her wid all the veins av his heart, an' she
trimbled, turnin' paler than iver, an' thin blushin' rosy red for joy an'
towld him yes, an' he kissed her, an' they both thought the throuble was
all over foriver. It's a way thim lovers has, an' they must be axcused,
bekase it's the same wid thim all.

"But it wasn't at all, fur Nora had an owld squireen av a father, that was
as full av maneness as eggs is av mate. Sure he was the divil entirely at
home, an' niver left off wid the crassness that was in him. The timper av
him was spiled be rason o' losing his bit o' money wid cârds an' racin',
an' like some min, he tuk it out wid his wife an' dawther. There was only
the three o' thim in it, an' they do say that whin he was crazy wid
dhrink, he'd bate thim right an' lift, an' turn thim out o' the cabin into
the night, niver heeding, the baste, phat 'ud come to thim. But they niver
said a word thimselves, an' the nabers only larned av it be seein' thim.

"Well. Whin O'Moore was towld that Paddy was kapin' comp'ny wid Nora, an'
the latther an' her mother towld him she wanted fur to marry Paddy, the
owld felly got tarin' mad, fur he was as proud as a paycock, an' though
he'd nothin' himself, he riz agin the match, an' all the poor mother an'
Nora cud say 'udn't sthir him.

              [Illustration: "Be aff wid yer nonsinse"]

"'Sure I've nothin' agin him,' he'd say, 'barrin' he's as poor as a
fiddler, an' I want Nora to make a good match.'

"Now the owld felly had a match in his mind fur Nora, a lad from
Tipperary, whose father was a farmer there, an' had a shmart bit av land
wid no end av shape grazin' on it, an' the Tipperary boy wasn't bad at
all, only as shtupid as a donkey, an' whin he'd come to see Nora, bad cess
to the word he'd to say, only look at her a bit an' thin fall aslape an'
knock his head agin the wall. But he wanted her, an' his father an'
O'Moore put their heads together over a glass an' aggrade that the young
wans 'ud be married.

"'Sure I don't love him a bit, father,' Nora 'ud say.

"'Be aff wid yer nonsinse,' he'd say to her. 'Phat does it matther about
love, whin he's got more nor a hunderd shape. Sure I wudn't give the wool
av thim fur all the love in Clare,' says he, an' wid that the argymint 'ud
end.

"So Nora towld Paddy an' Paddy said he'd not give her up for all the men
in Tipperary or all the shape in Ireland, an' it was aggrade that in wan
way or another, they'd be married in spite av owld O'Moore, though Nora
hated to do it, bekase, as I was afther tellin' ye, she was a good gurrul,
an' wint to mass an' to her duty reg'lar. But like the angel that she was,
she towld her mother an' the owld lady was agrayble, an' so Nora
consinted.

"But O'Moore was shrewder than a fox whin he was sober, an' that was whin
he'd no money to shpend in dhrink, an' this bein' wan o' thim times, he
watched Nora an' begun to suspicion somethin'. So he made belave that
everything was right an' the next time that Murphy, that bein' the name o'
the Tipperary farmer, came, the two owld fellys settled it that O'Moore
an' Nora 'ud come to Tipperary av the Winsday afther, that bein' the day
o' the fair in Ennis that they knew Paddy 'ud be at, an' whin they got to
Tipperary, they'd marry Nora an' young Murphy at wanst. So owld Murphy was
to sind the câr afther thim an' everything was made sure. So, av the
Winsday, towards noon, says owld O'Moore to Nora,--

"'Be in a hurry now, me child, an' make yersel' as fine as ye can, an'
Murphy's câr 'ull be here to take us to the fair.'

"Nora didn't want to go, for Paddy was comin' out in the afthernoon,
misthrustin' that owld O'Moore 'ud be at the fair. But O'Moore only towld
her to make haste wid hersilf or they'd be late, an' she did. So the câr
came, wid a boy dhriving, an' owld O'Moore axed the boy if he wanted to go
to the fair, so that Nora cudn't hear him, an' the boy said yes, an'
O'Moore towld him to go an' he'd dhrive an' bring him back tomorrer. So
the boy wint away, an' O'Moore an' Nora got up an' shtarted. Whin they
came to the crass-road, O'Moore tuk the road to Tipperary.

"'Sure father, ye're wrong,' says Nora, 'that's not the way.'

"'No more is it,' said the owld desayver, 'but I'm afther wantin' to see a
frind o' mine over here a bit an' we'll come round to the Ennis road on
the other side,' says he.

"So Nora thought no more av it, but whin they wint on an' on, widout
shtoppin' at all, she begun to be disquisitive agin.

"'Father, is it to Ennis or not ye're takin' me,' says she.

"Now, be this time, they'd got on a good bit, an' the owld villin seen it
was no use thryin' to desave her any longer.

"'I'm not,' says he, 'but it's to Tipperary ye're goin', where ye're to be
married to Misther Murphy this blessed day, so ye are, an' make no
throuble about it aither, or it'll be the worse for ye,' says he, lookin'
moighty black.

"Well, at first Nora thought her heart 'ud shtand still. 'Sure, Father
dear, ye don't mane it, ye cudn't be so cruel. It's like a blighted tree
I'd be, wid that man,' an' she thried to jump aff the câr, but her father
held her wid a grip av stale.

"'Kape still,' says he wid his teeth closed like a vise. 'If ye crass me,
I'm like to murdher ye. It's me only escape from prison, for I'm in debt
an' Murphy 'ull help me,' says he. 'Sure,' says he, saftenin' a bit as he
seen the white face an' great pleadin' eyes, 'Sure ye'll be happy enough
wid Murphy. He loves ye, an' ye can love him, an' besides, think o' the
shape.'

"But Nora sat there, a poor dumb thing, wid her eyes lookin' deeper than
iver wid the misery that was in thim. An' from that minit, she didn't
spake a word, but all her sowl was detarmined that she'd die afore she'd
marry Murphy, but how she'd get out av it she didn't know at all, but
watched her chance to run.

"Now it happened that owld O'Moore, bein' disturbed in his mind, mistuk
the way, an' whin he come to the crass-roads, wan to Tipperary an' wan to
Cashel, he tuk the wan for the other, an' whin the horse thried to go home
to Tipperary, he wudn't let him, but pulled him into the Cashel road.
Faix, he might have knewn that if he'd let the baste alone, he'd take him
right, fur horses knows a dale more than ye'd think. That horse o' mine is
only a common garron av a baste, but he tuk me from Ballyvaughn to Lisdoon
Varna wan night whin it was so dark that ye cudn't find yer nose, an' wint
be the rath in a gallop, like he'd seen the good people. But niver mind,
I'll tell ye the shtory some time, only I was thinkin' O'Moore might have
knewn betther.

"But they tuk the Cashel road an' wint on as fast as they cud, for it was
afthernoon an' gettin' late. An' O'Moore kept lookin' about an' wonderin'
that he didn't know the counthry, though he'd niver been to Tipperary but
wanst, an' afther a while, he gev up that he was lost entirely. No more
wud he ax the people on the road, but gev thim 'God save ye' very short,
for he was afeared Nora might make throuble. An' by an' by, it come on to
rain, an' whin they turned the corner av a hill, he seen the Rock o'
Cashel wid the churches on it, an' thin he stopped.

"'Phat's this at all,' says he. 'Faix, if that isn't Cashel I'll ate it,
an' we've come out o' the way altogether.'

"Nora answered him niver a word, an' he shtarted to turn round, but whin
he looked at the horse, the poor baste was knocked up entirely.

"'We'll go on to Cashel,' says he, 'an' find a shebeen, an' go back in the
mornin'. It's hard luck we're afther havin',' says he.

                  [Illustration: "Where is me dawther?"]

"So they wint on, an' jist afore they got to the Rock, they seen a nate
lodgin' house be the road an' wint in. He left Nora to sit be the fire,
while he wint to feed the horse, an' whin he come back in a minit, he
looked for her, but faith, she'd given him the shlip an' was gone
complately.

"'Where is me dawther?' says he.

"'Faith, I dunno,' says the maid. 'She walked out av the dure on the
minit,' says she.

"Owld O'Moore run, an' Satan an' none but himself turned him in the way
she was afther takin.' God be good to thim, no wan iver knewn phat tuk
place, but whin they wint wid a lanthern to sarch fur thim whin they
didn't raturn, they found the marks o' their feet on the road to the
strame. Half way down the path they picked up Nora's shawl that was torn
an' flung on the ground an' fut marks in plenty they found, as if he had
caught her an' thried to howld her an' cudn't, an' on the marks wint to
the high bank av the strame, that was a torrent be razon av the rain. An'
there they ended wid a big slice o' the bank fallen in, an' the sarchers
crassed thimselves wid fright an' wint back an' prayed for the repose av
their sowls.

"The next day they found thim, a good Irish mile down the strame, owld
O'Moore wid wan hand howlding her gown an' the other wan grippin' her
collar an' the clothes half torn aff her poor cowld corpse, her hands
stratched out afore her, wid the desperation in her heart to get away, an'
her white face wid the great eyes an' the light gone out av thim, the poor
craythur, God give her rest, an' so to us all.

"They laid thim dacintly, wid candles an' all, an' the wake that they had
was shuparb, fur the shtory was towld in all the counthry, wid the vartues
av Nora; an' the O'Brian's come from Ennis, an' the O'Moore's from
Crusheen, an' the Murphy's an' their frinds from Tipperary, an' more from
Clonmel. There was a power av atin' an' slathers av dhrink fur thim that
wanted it, fur, d'ye mind, thim of Cashel thried fur to show the rale
Irish hoshpitality, bekase O'Moore an' Nora were sint there to die an'
they thought it was their juty to thrate thim well. An' all the County
Clare an' Tipperary was at the berryin', an' they had three keeners, the
best that iver was, wan from Ennis, wan from Tipperary, an' wan from
Limerick, so that the praises av Nora wint on day an' night till the
berryin' was done. An' they made Nora's grave in Cormac's Chapel just in
front o' the Archbishop's tomb in the wall an' berried her first, an' tuk
O'Moore as far from her as they cud get him, an' put his grave as clost be
the wall as they cud go fur the shtones an' jist ferninst the big gate on
the left hand side, an' berried him last, an' sorra the good word they had
fur him aither.

"Poor Paddy wint nayther to the wake nor to the berryin', fur afther they
towld him the news, he sat as wan in a dhrame, no more cud they rouse him.
He'd go to his work very quite, an' niver shpake a word. An' so it was,
about a fortnight afther, he says to his mother, says he, 'Mother I seen
Nora last night an' she stood be me side an' laid her hand on me brow, an'
says "Come to Cashel, Paddy dear, an' be wid me."' An' his mother was
frighted entirely, for she parsaved he was wrong in his head. She thried
to aise his mind, but the next night he disappared. They folly'd him to
Cashel, but he dodged an' kept from thim complately whin they come an' so
they left him. In the day he'd hide an' slape, an' afther night, Nora's
sper't 'ud mate him an' walk wid him up an' down the shtones av the Chapel
an' undher the arches av the Cathaydral, an' he cared fur her grave, an'
bekase she was berried there, fur the graves av all thim that shlept on
the Rock. No more had he any frinds, but thim o' Cashel 'ud lave pitaties
an' bread where he'd see it an' so he lived. Fur sixty wan years was he on
the Rock an' never left it, but he'd sometimes show himself in the day
whin there was a berryin', an' say, 'Ye've brought me another frind,' an'
help in the work, an' never was there a graveyard kept like that o'
Cashel.

"When he got owld, an' where he cud look into the other worruld, Nora came
ivery night an' brought more wid her, sper'ts av kings an' bishops that
rest on Cashel, an' there's thim that's seen the owld man walkin' in
Cormac's Chapel, Nora holdin' him up an' him discoorsin' wid the mighty
dead. They found him wan day, cowld an' shtill, on Nora's grave, an' laid
him be her side, God rest his sowl, an' there he slapes to-day, God be
good to him.

        [Illustration: "The Owld Man walkin' in Cormae's Chapel"]

"They said he was only a poor owld innocent, but all is aqualized, an'
thim that's despised sometimes have betther comp'ny among the angels than
that of mortials."





SATAN'S CLOVEN HOOF.


            [Illustration: Initial: "Satan's Cloven Hoof"]

Among the beautiful traits of the Irish character, none is more prominent
than the religious element. Philosophers declare that the worshipping
principle is strong in proportion to the lack of happiness in the
circumstances of life, and at first glance there seems a degree of truth
in the statement; for the rich, enjoying their riches, are likely to be
contented and to look no further than this world; while the poor,
oppressed and ground to the earth by those whom they feel to be no better
than themselves, having that innate sense of justice common to all men,
and discerning the inequality of worldly lots, are not slow to place
implicit belief in the doctrine of a final judgment, at which all
inequalities will be righted, and both rich and poor will stand side by
side; the former gaining no advantage from his riches, the latter being at
no disadvantage from his poverty.

There is, however, good reason to believe that in the days of Ireland's
greatness there was the same strength of devotion as at present. Ireland
is so full of ruined churches and ecclesiastical buildings as to give
color of truth to the statement of a recent traveller, "it is a country of
ruins." Rarely is the traveller out of sight of the still standing walls
of a long deserted church, and not infrequently the churches are found in
groups. The barony of Forth, in Wexford, though comprising a territory of
only 40,000 acres, contains the ruins of eighteen churches, thirty-three
chapels, two convents, and a hospital of vast proportions. Nor is this
district exceptional, for at Glendalough, Clon-mac-nois, Inniscathy, Inch
Derrin, and Innis Kealtra, there are groups of churches, each group having
seven churches, the edifices of goodly size, and at Clonferth and Holy
Cross, there are seven chapels in each town, so close together as to cause
wonder whether all were called into use.

One manifestation of the religious element of the Irish nature is seen in
the profound reverence for the memory of the saints. Of these, Ireland
claims, according to one authority, no less than seventy-five thousand,
and it is safe to say that the curious inquirer might find one or more
legends of each, treasured up in the unwritten folk-lore of the country
districts. To the disadvantage of the minor saints, however, most of the
stories cluster round a few well-known names, and nothing delights the
Irish story-teller more than to relate legends of the saints, which he
does with a particularity as minute in all its details as though he had
stood by the side of the saint, had seen everything that was done, and
heard every word that was spoken; supplying missing links in the chain of
the story from a ready imagination, and throwing over the whole the
glamour of poetic fancy inseparable from the Irish nature.

The neighborhood of Glendalough, County Wicklow, is sacred to the memory
of Saint Kevin, and abounds with legends of his life and works. The seven
churches which, according to tradition, were built there under his
direction, are now mostly in ruins; his bed, a hollow in a precipice, is
still shown, together with his kitchen and the altar at which he once
ministered. In the graveyard of one of the churches is a curious stone
cross, of considerable size, evidently monumental, though the inscription
has been so defaced as to be illegible. On the front of the cross there is
a deep indentation much resembling that made by the hoof of a cow in soft
earth, the bottom of the indentation being deepest at the sides and
somewhat ridged in the middle. Concerning this cross and the depression in
its face, the following legend was related by an old peasant of the
neighborhood.

                       [Illustration: Glendalough]

"Ye must know, that among all the saints that went to heaven from
Ireland's sod, there isn't wan, barrin' Saint Patrick, that stands in a
betther place than the blessed Saint Kevin av Glendalough, fur the
wondherful things that he done is past all tellin'. 'Twas he that built
all the churches ye see in the vale here, an' when he lived, he owned all
the land round about, fur he restored King O'Toole's goose, that the king
had such divarshun in, when it was too ould to fly, so the king gev him
all that the goose 'ud fly over, an' when the goose got her wings agin,
she was so merry that she flew over mighty near all the land that King
O'Toole had before she come back at all, so he got it.

"'Twas he too that put out o' the counthry the very last sarpint that was
left in it, afther Saint Patrick had druv the rest into the say, fur he
met the baste wan day as he was walkin' in the hills and tuk him home wid
him to give him the bit an' sup, an' the sarpint got as dhrunk as a piper,
so Saint Kevin put him in a box an' nailed it up an' flung it into the
say, where it is to this blessed day.

"But 'tis my belafe that the besht job o' work he ever done was markin'
the divil so if you'd meet him an the road, you'd know in a minnit that it
was himself an' no other that was in it, an' so make ready, aither fur to
run away from him, or to fight him wid prayin' as fast as ye cud, bekase,
ye see, it's no use fur to shtrive wid him any other way, seein' that no
waypon can make the laste dint on his carkidge.

"In thim days, an' before phat tuk place I'm tellin' ye av, the divil was
all as wan as a man, a tall felly like a soger, wid a high hat comin' to a
pint an' feathers on it, an' fine boots an' shpurs an' a short red jacket
wid a cloak over his shoulder an' a soord be his side, as fine as any
gintleman av' the good ould times. So he used to go about the counthry,
desavin' men an' wimmin, the latther bein' his chice as bein' aisier fur
to desave, an' takin' thim down wid him to his own place, an' it was a
fine time he was havin' entirely, an' everything his own way. Well, as he
was thravellin' about, he heard wan day av Saint Kevin an' the church he
was afther buildin' an' the haythens he was convartin' an' he says to
himself, 'Sure this won't do. I must give up thriflin' an' look afther me
bizness, or me affairs 'ull go to the dogs, so they will.'

"It was in Kerry he was when he heard the news, an' was havin' a fine time
there, fur when Saint Patrick convarted Ireland, he didn't go to Kerry,
but only looked into it an' blessed it an' hurried on, but though he
didn't forget it, intindin', I belave, to go back, the divil tuk up his
quarthers there, to make it as sure as he cud. But when he heard av Saint
Kevin's doin's, it was too much fur him, so he shtarted an' come from
Kerry to Glendalough wid wan jump, an' there sure enough, the walls o' the
church were risin' afore his eyes, an' as he stud on that hill he heard
the avenin' song o' the monks that were helpin' Saint Kevin in the work.
So the divil was tarin' mad, an' stud on the brow o' the hill, cursin' to
himself an' thinkin' that if any more churches got into Ireland, his job
o' work 'ud be gone, an' he'd betther go back to England where he come
from. He made up his mind though, that he'd do fur Saint Kevin if he cud,
but mind ye, the blessed saint was so well beknownst to all the counthry,
that the divil was afeared to tackle him. So he laid about in the grass,
on his breast like a sarpint fur three or four days till they were
beginnin' to put the roof on, and then he thought he'd thry.

"Now I must tell ye wan thing. The blessed saint was at that time only a
young felly, though they don't make 'em any betther than he was. When he
left home, he'd a shweetheart be the name o' Kathleen, an' she loved him
betther than her life, an' so did he her in that degray that he'd lay down
an' die on the shpot fur the love av her, but his juty called him fur to
be God's priest, an' he turned his back on father an' mother an' saddest
av all on Kathleen, though it was like tarin' out his heart it was, an'
came to Glendalough. Kathleen was like to die, but afther a bit, she got
over it a little an' went into a convent, for, says she, 'I'll marry no
wan, an' 'ull meet him in heaven.' But Saint Kevin didn't know phat had
become av her, an' thried hard not to think av her, but wanst in a while
the vision av her 'ud come back to him like the mem'ry av a beautiful
dhrame.

"Now about this time, while the divil was layin' about in the bushes
a-watchin' the work, an' the tower of the big church was liftin' itself
above the trees, the blessed saint begun to be onaisy in his mind, fur,
says he to himself, 'Things is too aisy entirely. It's just thim times
when all is goin' on as smooth as a duck on a pond that the divil comes
down like a fox on a goslin' an' takes every wan unbeknownst, so wins the
vict'ry. I'll have a care, fur afther the sunshine comes the shtorm,' says
he. So that avenin' he ordhered his monks to say a thousand craydos, an'
two thousand paters an' aves, an' afther that was done, he got in his boat
an' crassed the lake. He climbed up to his bed above ye there, an' said
his baids agin an' went to slape, but the divil was watchin' him like a
hawk, for he'd laid a thrap fur the blessed saint to catch him wid, that
was thish-a-way.

"Every body knows how that Satan is shlicker than a weasel, an' has a
mem'ry like a miser's box that takes in everything an' lets nothin' go
out. When ye do anything, sorra a bit av it 'scapes the divil, an' he hugs
it clost till a time comes when he can make a club av it to bate ye wid,
an' so he does. The owld felly remimbered all that passed betune Kathleen
an' the blessed saint, an' he knewn how hard it was fur Saint Kevin to
forgit her, so he thought he'd put him in a fix. Afther the saint had
cuddled up in his shtraw wid his cloak over him an' was shnoring away as
snug as a flea in a blanket, comes the divil, a-climbin' up the rock, in
the exact image o' the young Kathleen. Ye may think it quare, but it's no
wondher to thim that undherstands it, fur the divil can take any shape he
plazes an' look like any wan he wants to, an' so he does for the purpose
av temptin' us poor sinners to disthruction, but there's wan thing be
which he's always known; when ye've given up to him or when ye've baten
him out o' the face, no matther which, he's got to throw aff the disguise
that's on him an' show you who he is, an' when he does it, it isn't the
iligant, dressed-up divil that ye see an' that I was just tellin' ye av,
but the rale, owld, black nagur av a rannychorus, widout a haporth o' rags
to the back av him, an' his horns an' tail a-shtickin' out, an' his eyes
as big as an oxen's an' shinin' like fire, an' great bat's wings on him,
an', savin' yer prisince, the most nefairius shmell o' sulfur ye ever
shmelt. But before, he looks all right, no matther phat face he has, an'
it's only be the goodness o' God that the divil is bound fur to show
himself to ye, bekase, Glory be to God, it's his will that men shall know
who they're dalin' wid, an' if they give up to the divil, an' afther
findin' out who's in it, go on wid the bargain they've made, sure the
fault is their own, an' they go to hell wid their eyes open, an' if they
bate him, he's got to show himself fur to let thim see phat they've
escaped.

"Well, I was afther sayin', the divil was climbin' up the rock in the form
o' Kathleen, an' come to the saint's bed an' teched him an the shouldher.
The blessed saint was layin' there belike dhraming o' Kathleen, fur sure,
there was no harm in that, an' when he woke up an' seen her settin' be his
side, he thought the eyes 'ud lave him.

"'Kathleen,' says he, 'is it yoursilf that's in it, an' me thinkin' I'd
parted from you forever?'

"'It is,' says the ould desaver, 'an' no other, Kevin darlint, an' I've
come to shtay wid ye.'

"'Sure darlint,' says the saint, 'ye know how it bruk me heart entirely to
lave ye, no more wud I have done it, but be the will o' God. Ye know I
loved ye, an' God forgive me, I'm afeared I love ye still, but it isn't
right, Kathleen. Go in pace, in the name o' God, an' lave me,' says he.

"'No Kevin,' says Satan, a-throwin' himself on Kevin's breast, wid both
arrums round his neck, 'I'll never lave ye,' lettin' an to cry an' dhrop
tears an the face o' the blessed saint.

"It's no aisy matther to say no to a woman anyhow, aven to an ugly woman,
but when it's a good-lookin' wan that's in it, an' she axin' ye wid her
arrums round ye an' the crystal dhrops like that many dimunds fallin' from
her eyes that look at ye like shtars through a shower av rain, begob it's
meself that doesn't undhershtand why Saint Kevin didn't give up at wanst,
an' so he wud if he hadn't been the blessed saint that he was. But he was
mightily flusthered, an' no wondher, an' stud there wid his breast
hayvin', a-shtrivin' to resist the timptation to thrade a crown in heaven
fur a love on airth.

"'Lave this place, Kevin,' says the tempther, 'an' come wid me, we'll go
away an' be happy together forever,' an' wid that word, an' as the fate av
the saint was trimblin' in the balances, the holy angels o' God stud
beside him, an' wan whishpered in his ear that the Kathleen he loved
before was a pure, good woman, an' that she'd 'a' died afore she'd come to
him that-a-way.

"'No,' says he, wid sudden shtrength. 'It's not Kathleen that's in it, but
an avil sper't. God's prisence be about us! Get you gone Satan an' sayce
to throuble me,' an' that minnit the blessed saint jumped up aff the
ground an' wid his two feet gev the owld rayprobate a thunderin' kick in
the stummick, an' when he doubled up wid the pain an' fell back an'
clapped his hands together on the front av him, Saint Kevin gev him
another in his rare, axin' yer pardon, that sent him clane over the clift,
wid Saint Kevin gatherin' shtones an' flingin' thim afther him wid all the
might that was in him. So the minnit the saint kicked him the very foorst
kick, Kathleen disappeared, an' there was the owld black Belzebub
a-tumblin' over, an' fallin' down to the lake, holdin' his stummick an'
thryin' hard to catch himself wid his wings afore he'd hit the wather. But
he did by the time he got to the bottom an' flew away, bellerin' worse nor
a bull with a dog hangin' to his nose, so that all the monks woke wid
fright, an' cudn't go to shlape agin till they'd said a craydo an' five
aves apiece, but the blessed saint set be his bed a-sayin' his baids the
rest o' the night wid a pile o' shtones convaynient to his hand fur fear
the divil 'ud come back. But Satan flew over an that hill an' rubbed
himself before an' behind too, where the saint had kicked him, an' didn't
go back, for he'd enough o' the saint fur that time. But he was mightily
vexed, an' not to lose the chance fur to do some mischief before he'd go
away, he pulled down all the walls that the poor monks had built that day.

"Now there's thim that says that it was the rale Kathleen that Saint Kevin
kicked over the clift, but sure that's not thrue, fur it's not in an
Irishman to thrate a woman that-a-way, that makes me belave that the
shtory I'm tellin' ye was the thrue shtory an' that it wasn't Kathleen at
all, but Satan, that Saint Kevin thrated wid such onpoliteness, an my
blessin' an him fur that same, fur he come out very well axceptin' five or
six blisthers on his face, where the divil's tears touched him, that's
well known to make blisthers on phatever they touch.

"Well, as I was sayin', he pulled down the church walls, an' the monks put
thim up agin, an' the next mornin' they were down, an' so fur a good bit
the contist went an betune the divil an' the monks, a-shtrivin' if they
cud build up fashter than he cud pull down, fur he says to himself, Satan
did, 'Jagers, I can't be losin' me time here widout doin' something, nor,
bedad, no more can I tell how to rache the saint widout sarcumspectin'
him.'

                [Illustration: Saint Kevin and the Devil]

"But the saint bate him at that game, for wan night, afther the work was
done, he put half the monks on the wall to watch there the night, an' when
Satan come flyin' along like the dirthy bat that he was, there was the
monks all along be the day's job, aitch wan a-sayin' his baids as fast as
he cud an' a bottle o' holy wather be his side to throw at the divil when
he'd come. So he went from thim an' be takin' turns at watchin' an'
workin', they finished the church.

"In coorse o' time, Saint Kevin wanted another church an' begun to build
it too, for he said, 'Begob, I'll have that church done be fall if every
grain o' sand in Glendalough becomes a divil an' rises up fur to purvint
it,' an' so he did, Glory be to God, but at first was bothered to git the
money fur to raise the walls. Well, wan day as he was in the bother, he
was walkin' an the hills, an' he heard the clattherin' av a horse's feet
behind him an the road, an' afore he cud turn round, up comes the most
illigant black horse ye ever seen, an' a tall gintleman a ridin' av him,
wid all the look av a soger, a broad hat on the head av him, an' a silk
jacket wid goold trimmin's, an' shtripes on his britches, an' gloves to
his elbows, an' soord an' shpurs a-jinglin', the same as he was a rich
lord.

"'God save ye,' says the saint.

"'God save ye kindly,' says the gintleman, an' they walked an together an'
fell into convarsin'.

"'I'm towld ye're afther buildin' another church,' says the gintleman.

"'It's thrue for ye,' says the saint, 'but it's meself that's bothered
about that same, for I've no money,' says he.

"'That's too bad,' says the gintleman; 'have ye axed for help?' says he.

"'Faix, indade I have,' says the saint, 'but the times is hard, an' the
money goin' out o' the counthry to thim blaggârd landlords in England,'
says he.

"'It's right ye are,' says the gintleman, 'but I've hopes o' betther times
when the tinants get the land in their own hands,' says he. 'I'm goin' to
right thim avils. I'm the new Lord Liftinant,' says he, 'an' able to help
ye an the job, undher a proper undhershtandin',' says he.

"At foorst Saint Kevin was that surprised that he'd like to dhrop an the
road, fur he hadn't heard av the 'pintmint av a new Lord Liftinant, but he
raizoned wid himself that it cud aisily be done widout his knowin' av it,
an' so he thought he'd a shtrake av luck in seein' av him.

"'God be good to yer Lordship,' says he, 'an' make yer bed in the heavens,
an' it's thankful I'd be fur any shmall favors ye plaze to give, fur it's
very poor we are.'

"'An' phat 'ud ye say to a prisint av tin thousand pound,' says the
gintleman, 'purvided ye spind it an the church ye have an' not in buildin'
a new wan,' says the gintleman, an' wid that word, Saint Kevin knew the
ould inimy, an' shtarted at him.

"But the divil had enough o' Saint Kevin's heels, for he'd felt the kick
he cud give wid 'em, an' faix, the blessed saint was as well sarcumstanced
in that quarther as a donkey, an' Belzebub knew that same, so he niver
stayed, but when he saw Saint Kevin comin', immejitly the black horse
changed into a big dhraggin, an' the illigant close dhrapped aff the divil
an' in his own image he went aff shpurrin' the dhraggin, he an' the baste
flappin' their wings as fast as they cud to get out of the saint's way an'
lavin' afther thim the shmell av sulfur that shtrong that the blessed
saint did nothin' for an hour but hould his nose an' cough.

"Afther thim two axpayriences, the divil seen it was no use o' him
offerin' fur to conthraven Saint Kevin, so he rayjuiced his efforts to
botherin' the monks at the work. He'd hang about day an' night, doin' all
the mischief that he cud, bekase, says he, 'If I can't shtop thim, by
Jayminy, I'll delay thim to that degray that they'll find it the shlowest
job they ever undhertuk,' says he, an' so it was. When they'd finish a bit
o' the wall an' lave it to dhry, up 'ud come the divil an' kick it over;
when two o' them 'ud be carrying a heavy shtone, the divil, unbeknownst to
thim, 'ud knock it out o' their hands so as to make it dhrop on their
toes, a-thinkin' belike, that they'd shwear on the quiet to thimselves:
that they never did; when a holy father 'ud lay down his hammer an' turn
his back, the divil 'ud snatch it up an' fling it aff the wall; till wid
his knockin' over the wather-bucket, an' shcrapin' aff the morthar, an'
upsettin' the hod o' bricks, an' makin' the monks forgit where they'd put
things, it got so that they were in a muck o' shweat every hour o' the
day; an' from that time it got to be said, when anything wint wrong widout
a raizon, that the divil's in it.

"Now whin Saint Kevin conshecrated the church, they tuk wid it the ground
round about as far as ye see that shtone wall, for, says he, 'Sure it'll
always be handy.' So in coorse o' time, as the second church was gettin'
done, wan avenin' Saint Kevin went out wid a bucket fur to milk his cow,
that had just come down from the mountain where she'd been grazin'. Well,
he let the calf to her, an' the poor little baste bein' hungry, fur I
belave the cow hadn't come up the night afore, it begun on wan side an'
the saint an the other, an' the calf was suckin' away wid all the jaws it
had, an' kep' up a haythenish punchin' wid its nose beways av a hint to
the cow fur to give up more milk. The calf punched an' the cow kicked,
fur, mind ye, the divil was in thim both, the poor bastes, no more was it
their fault at all, an' betune howldin' the bucket in wan hand an' milking
wid the other wan, an' kapin' his eye shkinned for the cow's heels, an'
shovin' the calf from his side, the saint was like to lose all the milk.

"'Tatther an' agers,' says he, 'shtand shtill, ye onnattheral crayther, or
I'll bate the life out o' ye, so I will,' says he, tarin' mad, fur the
calf was gettin' all, an' the bottom o' the bucket not covered. But the
cow wudn't do it, so the blessed saint tuk the calf be the years fur to
drag him away, an' then the cow run at him wid her horns so that he had to
let go the calf's years an' dodge an' was in a bother entirely. But he got
him a club in case the cow 'ud offer fur to hook him agin, an' opened the
gate into the field behind the church, an' afther a good dale o' jumpin'
about he sucsayded in dhrivin' in the cow an' kapin' out the calf. Then he
shut the gate an' wipin' the shweat aff his blessed face, he got the
bucket an' shtool an' set down to milk in pace. But be this time the cow
was tarin' mad at bein' shut from the calf, an' at the first shquaze he
gev her, she jumped like she'd heard a banshee, an' then phat 'ud she do
but lift up her heel an' give him a kick an the skull fit to crack it fur
him an' laid him on the grass, an' turnin' round, she put her fut in the
bucket an' stud lookin' at him, as fur to ax if he'd enough.

"'The divil brile the cow,' says the saint, God forgive him fur cursin'
her, but ye see he'd lost all consate av her be the throuble he'd had wid
her afore, besides the crack on his head, that was well nigh aiquel to the
kick he cud give himself, so that he was axcusable fur phat he was sayin',
fur it's no joke I'm tellin' ye to be made a showbogher av, be a baste av
a cow.

"'Sure I will, yer Riverince,' says a deep voice behind him, 'an' thank ye
fur that same favor, fur it's a fat bit she is.'

"Saint Kevin riz up a-rubbin' his head as fast as he cud an' looked round
an' there sure enough was owld Satan himself standin' there grinnin' away
wid the horrid mouth av him stratched from year to year, a-laughin' at the
fix the saint was in. Well, the minnit Saint Kevin set his two eyes an
him, he knewn he had him, fur ye see, the ground was conshecrated, but the
divil didn't know it fur it was done wan time when he'd gone to Cork to
attind a landlord's convintion to raise the rints on a lot o' shtarving
tinants, that bein' a favorite job wid him. If he'd knewn the ground was
holy, he'd never dared to set fut an it, fur ye see, if ye can ketch the
divil an holy ground where he's no bizness, ye've got him fast an' tight
an' can pull him in when ye plaze. But the saint wasn't goin' to give the
owld desaver any show so he run at him an' gripped him be the horns, the
same as he was a goat, an' threw him an the ground an' tied his hands wid
a pace av his own gown that he tore aff, an' the divil, do phat he cud,
wasn't able to break loose.

"'Now,' says he, 'ye slatherin', blood-suckin', blaggârdin' nagur, I'll
fix ye, ye owld hippypotaymus, so as ivery sowl in Ireland 'ull know ye
where ever ye're met.'

"So he rowled up his shlaves an' shpit an his hands an' fell to work. He
onschrewed the divil's left leg at the jint av the knee, an' laid it an
the grass. Then he tuk aff the cow's right hind leg at the knee an' laid
that an the grass. Then he schrewed the owld cow's leg an the divil's
knee, an' the divil's fut an the owld cow's leg, an' untied Satan an' bid
him git up.

"'Now,' says he to him, 'do you go at wanst, an' I bid ye that when ye
meet man or mortial, the foorst thing ye do is to show that fut that they
know from the shtart who ye are. Now shtart, ye vagabone blaggârd av a
shpalpeen, or I'll kick the backbone shtrait up into the shkull o' ye.
Out!' he says, flourishin' his fut at him.

"Well, the divil made a break fur to run, bekase he wanted no more
benedictions from the toes o' Saint Kevin, but not bein' used to his new
leg, the very foorst shtep he made wid it, it kicked out behind agin this
shtone, that wasn't a crass at all then, an' made this hole that ye see,
an' Saint Kevin tuk the shtone an' made a crass av it aftherwards. But the
divil didn't shtop at all when the leg wudn't go fur him, fur he seen the
blessed saint comin', a-wavin' his fut about, so he rowled over an' over
till he got to the wall, then made a shpring an it an' out av sight like a
ghost.

   [Illustration: "An' so he's lame, an' must show his cloven fut"]

"That's the way Satan got his lame leg, bekase, ye see he's niver larned
fur to manage it, an' goes limpity-lop, an' though he wears a cloak, is
obligated fur to show the cow's fut whenever he talks wid any wan, fur if
he doesn't, begorra, the leg does fur itself, fur it's niver forgot the
thrick av kicking the owld cow larned it, an' if Satan waits a minnit, up
goes the cow's fut, as hard an' high as the last time she kicked the
saint. No more did the divil ever dare to come there agin, so the blessed
Saint Kevin was left in pace to build the siven churches, an the divil
wasn't ever seen in Glendalough, till the day the saint was berrid, an'
then he peeped over the hill to look at the berryin', but he wudn't come
down, thinkin', belike, it was a lie they were tellin' him when they said
the saint was dead, fur to injuice him to come into the glen an' give
Saint Kevin wan more whack at him wid his fut. An' they do say, that he's
been to the besht docthers in the univaarse fur to get him another leg,
but they cudn't do it, Glory be to God; an' so he is lame an' must show
his cloven fut, so as ivery wan knows at wanst that it's the divil himself
that's in it, an' can run away from him before he's time to do thim harm.





THE ENCHANTED ISLAND.


           [Illustration: Initial: "The Enchanted Island"]

On the afternoon of Sunday, July 7, 1878, the inhabitants of Ballycotton,
County Cork, were greatly excited by the sudden appearance, far out at
sea, of an island where none was known to exist. The men of the town and
island of Ballycotton were fishermen and knew the sea as well as they knew
the land. The day before, they had been out in their boats and sailed over
the spot where the strange island now appeared, and were certain that the
locality was the best fishing-ground they had.

"And still they gazed, and still the wonder grew," for the day was clear
and the island could be seen as plainly as they saw the hills to the
north. It was rugged, in some parts rocky, in others densely wooded; here
and there were deep shadows in its sides indicating glens heavily covered
with undergrowth and grasses. At one end it rose almost precipitously from
the sea; at the other, the declivity was gradual; the thick forest of the
mountainous portion gave way to smaller trees, these to shrubs; these to
green meadows that finally melted into the sea and became
indistinguishable from the waves.

Under sail and oar, a hundred boats put off from the shore to investigate;
when, as they neared the spot, the strange island became dim in outline,
less vivid in color, and at last vanished entirely, leaving the
wonder-stricken villagers to return, fully convinced that for the first
time in their lives they had really seen the Enchanted Island. For once
there was a topic of conversation that would outlast the day, and as the
story of the Enchanted Island passed from lip to lip, both story and
island grew in size till the latter was little less than a continent,
containing cities and castles, palaces and cathedrals, towers and
steeples, stupendous mountain ranges, fertile valleys, and wide spreading
plains; while the former was limited only by the patience of the listener,
and embraced the personal experience, conclusions, reflections, and
observations of every man, woman, and child in the parish who had been
fortunate enough to see the island, hear of it, or tell where it had been
seen elsewhere.

For the Enchanted Island of the west coast is not one of those ordinary,
humdrum islands that rise out of the sea in a night, and then, having
come, settle down to business on scientific principles, and devote their
attention to the collection of soil for the use of plants and animals. It
disdains any such commonplace course as other islands are content to
follow, but is peripatetic, or, more properly, seafaring, in its habits,
and as fond of travelling as a sailor. At its own sweet will it comes,
and, having shown itself long enough to convince everybody who is not an
"innocent entirely" of its reality, it goes without leave-taking or
ceremony, and always before boats can approach near enough to make a
careful inspection. This is the invariable history of its appearance. No
one has ever been able to come close to its shores, much less land upon
them, but it has been so often seen on the west coast, that a doubt of its
existence, if expressed in the company of coast fishermen, will at once
establish for the sceptic a reputation for ignorance of the common affairs
of every-day life.

In Cork, for instance, it has been seen by hundreds of people off
Ballydonegan Bay, while many more can testify to its appearance off the
Bay of Courtmacsherry. In Kerry, all the population of Ballyheige saw it a
few years ago, lying in Tralee Bay, between Kerry Head and Brandon's Head,
and shortly before, the villagers of Lisneakeabree, just across the bay
from Ballyheige, saw it between their shore and Kerry Head, while the
fishermen in Saint Finan's Bay and in Ballinskelligs are confident it has
been seen, if not by themselves, at least by some of their friends. It has
appeared at the mouth of the Shannon, and off Carrigaholt in Clare, where
the people saw a city on it. This is not so remarkable as it seems, for,
in justice to the Enchanted Island, it should be stated that its
resemblance to portions of the neighboring land is sometimes very close,
and shows that the "enchanter" who has it under a spell knows his
business, and being determined to keep his island for himself changes its
appearance as well as its location in order that his property may not be
recognized nor appropriated.

In Galway, the Enchanted Island has appeared in the mouth of Ballinaleame
Bay, a local landlord at the time making a devout wish that it would stay
there. The fishermen of Ballynaskill, in the Joyce Country, saw it about
fifteen years ago, since when it appeared to the Innisshark islanders. The
County Mayo has seen it, not only from the Achille Island cliffs, but also
from Downpatrick Head; and in Sligo, the fishermen of Ballysadare Bay know
all about it, while half the population of Inishcrone still remember its
appearance about twenty years ago. The Inishboffin islanders in Donegal
say it looked like their own island, "sure two twins couldn't be liker,"
and the people on Gweebarra Bay, when it appeared there, observed along
the shore of the island a village like Maas, the one in which they lived.
It has also appeared off Rathlin's Island, on the Antrim coast, but, so
far as could be learned, it went no further to the east, confining its
migrations to the west coast, between Cork on the south and Antrim on the
north.

Concerning the island itself, legendary authorities differ on many
material points. Some hold it to be "a rale island sure enough," and that
its exploits are due to "jommethry or some other inchantmint," while
opponents of this materialistic view are inclined to the opinion that the
island is not what it seems to be, that is to say, not "airth an' shtones,
like as thim we see, but only a deludherin' show that avil sper'ts, or the
divil belike, makes fur to desave us poor dishsolute craythers." Public
opinion on the west coast is therefore strongly divided on the subject,
unity of sentiment existing on two points only; that the island has been
seen, and that there is something quite out of the ordinary in its
appearance. "For ye see, yer Anner," observed a Kerry fisherman, "it's
agin nacher fur a rale island to be comin' and goin' like a light in a
bog, an' whin ye do see it, ye can see through it, an' by jagers, if it's
a thrue island, a mighty quare wan it is an' no mishtake."

On so deep and difficult a subject, an ounce of knowledge is worth a pound
of speculation, and the knowledge desired was finally furnished by an old
fisherman of Ballyconealy Bay, on the Connemara coast, west of Galway.
This individual, Dennis Moriarty by name, knew all about the Enchanted
Island, having not only seen it himself, but, when a boy, learned its
history from a "fairy man," who obtained his information from "the good
people" themselves, the facts stated being therefore, of course, of
indisputable authority, what the fairies did not know concerning the
doings of supernatural and enchanted circles, being not worth knowing. Mr.
Moriarty was stricken in years, having long given up active service in the
boats and relegated himself to lighter duties on shore. He had much
confidence in the accuracy of his information on the subject of the
island, and a glass of grog, and "dhraw ov the pipe," brought out the
story in a rich, mellow brogue.

"Faith, I'm not rightly sure how long ago it was, but it was a good while
an' before the blessed Saint Pathrick come to the counthry an' made
Crissans av the haythens in it. Howandiver, it was in thim times that
betune this an' Inishmore, there was an island. Some calls it the Island
av Shades, an' more says its name was the Sowls Raypose, but it doesn't
matther, fur no wan knows. It was as full av payple as it could howld, an'
cities wor on it wid palaces an' coorts an' haythen timples an' round
towers all covered wid goold an' silver till they shone so ye cudn't see
for the brightness.

"And they wor all haythens there, an' the king av the island was the
biggest av thim, sure he was Satan's own, an' tuk delight in doin' all the
bloody things that come into his head. If the waither that minded the
table did annything to displaze him, he'd out wid a soord the length av me
arrum an' cut aff his head. If they caught a man shtaling, the king 'ud
have him hung at wanst widout the taste av a thrial, 'Bekase,' says the
king, says he, 'maybe he didn't do it at all, an' so he'd get aff, so up
wid him,' an' so they'd do. He had more than a hunderd wives, ginerally
spakin', but he wasn't throubled in the laste be their clack, for whin wan
had too much blasthogue in her jaw, or begun gostherin' at him, he cut aff
her head an' said, beways av a joke, that 'that's the only cure fur a
woman's tongue.' An' all the time, from sun to sun, he was cursin' an'
howlin' wid rage, so as I'm sure yer Anner wouldn't want fur to hear me
say thim blastpheemies that he said. To spake the truth av him, he was
wicked in that degray that, axin' yer pardon, the owld divil himself
wouldn't own him.

"So wan time, there was a thunderin' phillaloo in the king's family, fur
mind ye, he had thin just a hunderd wives. Now it's my consate that it's
aisier fur a hunderd cats to spind the night in pace an the wan thatch
than for two wimmin to dhraw wather out av the same well widout aitch wan
callin' the other wan all the names she can get out av her head. But whin
ye've a hunderd av 'em, an' more than a towsand young wans, big an'
little, its aisey to see that the king av the island had plinty av use fur
the big soord that he always kept handy to settle family dishputes wid.
So, be the time the row I'm tellin' ye av was over an' the wimmin shtopped
talkin', the king was a widdy-man just ten times, an' had only ninety
wives lift.

"So he says to himself, 'Bedad, I must raycrout the force agin, or thim
that's left 'ull think I cant do widout 'em an' thin there'll be no ind to
their impidince. Begorra, this marryin' is a sayrious business,' says he,
sighin', fur he'd got about all the wimmin that wanted to be quanes an'
didn't just know where to find anny more. But, be pickin' up wan here an'
there, afther a bit he got ninety-nine, an' then cud get no more, an' in
spite av sendin' men to ivery quarther av Ireland an' tellin' the kings'
dawthers iverywhere how lonesome he was, an' how the coort was goin' to
rack an' ruin entirely fur the want av another quane to mind the panthry,
sorra a woman cud be had in all Ireland to come, fur they'd all heard av
the nate manes he tuk to kape pace in his family.

"But afther thryin' iverywhere else, he sent a man into the Joyce
Counthry, to a mighty fine princess av the Joyces. She didn't want to go
at first, but the injuicemints war so shtrong that she couldn't howld out,
for the king sint her presints widout end an' said, if she'd marry him,
he'd give her all the dimunds they cud get on a donkey's back.

"Now over beyant the Twelve Pins, in the Joyce Counthry, there was a great
inchanter, that had all kinds av saycrets, an' knew where ye'd dig for a
pot av goold, an' all about doctherin', and cud turn ye into a pig in a
minnit, an' build a cassel in wan night, an' make himself disappare when
ye wanted him, an' take anny shape he plazed, so as to look to be a baste
whin he wasn't, an' was a mighty dape man entirely. Now to him wint the
princess an' axed him phat to do, for she didn't care a traneen for the
king, but 'ud give the two eyes out av her head to get the dimunds. The
inchanter heard phat she had to say an' then towld her, 'Now, my dear, you
marry the owld felly, an' have no fear, fur av he daars to touch a hair av
yer goolden locks, I'll take care av you an' av him too.'

"So he gev her a charm that she was to say whin she wanted him to come an'
another wan to repate whin she was in mortial danger an' towld her fur to
go an' get marr'ed an' get the dimunds as quick as she cud. An' that she
did, an' at foorst the king was mightily plazed at gettin' her, bekase she
was hard to get, an' give her the dimunds an' all she wanted, so she got
on very well an' tuk care av the panthry an' helped the other wives about
the coort.

"Wan day the king got up out av the goolden bed he shlept an, wid a
terrible sulk an him, an' in a state av mind entirely, for the wind was in
the aiste an' he had the roomytisms in his back. So he cursed an' shwore
like a Turk an' whin the waither axed him to come to his brekquest, he
kicked him into the yard av the coort, an' wint in widout him an' set down
be the table. So wan av the quanes brought him his bowl av stirabout an'
thin he found fault wid it. 'It's burned,' say he, an' threw it at her.
Then Quane Peggy Joyce, that hadn't seen the timper that was an him, come
in from the panthry wid a shmile an her face an' a big noggin o' milk in
her hand. 'Good morrow to ye,' she says to him, but the owld vagabone
didn't spake a word. 'Good morrow,' she says to him agin, an' thin he
broke out wid a fury.

          [Illustration: "Howld yer pace, ye palaverin' shtrap"]

"'Howld yer pace, ye palaverin' shtrap. D' ye think I'm to be deefened wid
yer tongue? Set the noggin an the table an' be walkin' aff wid yerself or
I'll make ye sorry ye come,' says he.

"It was the first time he iver spake like that to her, an' the Irish blood
ov her riz, an' in a minnit she was as mad as a gandher and as bowld as a
lion.

"'Don't you daar to spake that-a-way to me, Sorr,' she says to him. 'I'll
have ye know I won't take a word av yer impidince. Me fathers wore crowns
ages afore yer bogthrottin' grandfather come to this island, an' ivery wan
knows he was the first av his dirthy thribe that had shoes an his feet.'
An' she walked strait up to him an' folded her arrums an' looked into his
face as impidint as a magpie. 'Don't think fur to bully me,' she says. 'I
come av a race that niver owned a coward, and I wouldn't give that fur you
an' all the big soords ye cud carry,' says she, givin' her fingers a snap
right at the end av his nose.

"Now the owld haythen niver had anny wan to spake like that to him, an' at
first was that surprised like as a horse had begun fur to convarse at him,
no more cud he say a word, he was that full o' rage, and sat there,
openin' and shuttin' his mouth an' swellin' up like he'd burst, an' his
face as red as a turkey-cock's. Thin he remimbered his soord ah' pulled it
out an' stratched out his hand fur to ketch the quane an' cut aff her
head. But she was too quick for him entirely, an' whin he had the soord
raised, she said the charm that was to purtect her, an' afore ye cud wink,
there stood the blood-suckin' owld villin, mortified to shtone wid his
arrum raised an' his hand reached out, an' as stiff as a mast.

"Thin she said the other charm that called the inchanter an' he come at
wanst. She towld him phat she done an' he said it was right av her, an' as
she was a purty smart woman he said he'd marry her himself. So he did, an'
bein' that the island was cursed be rayzon av the king's crimes, they come
to Ireland wid all the payple. So they come to Connemara, an' the
inchanter got husbands fur all the king's wives an' homes fur all the men
av the island. But he inchanted the island an' made it so that the bad
king must live in it alone as long as the sun rises an' sits. No more does
the island stand still, but must go thravellin' up an' down the coast, an'
wan siven years they see it in Kerry an' the next siven years in Donegal,
an' so it goes, an' always will, beways av a caution to kings not to cut
aff the heads av their wives."

                    [Illustration: "Howlin' wid rage"]





HOW THE LAKES WERE MADE.


          [Illustration: Initial: "How the Lakes were made"]

Among the weird legends of the Irish peasantry is found a class of stories
peculiar both in the nature of the subject and in the character of the
tradition. From the dawn of history, and even before, the island has been
crowded with inhabitants, and as the centres of population changed, towns
and cities were deserted and fell into ruins. Although no longer
inhabited, their sites are by no means unknown or forgotten, but in many
localities where now appear only irregular heaps of earth and stones to
which the archćologist sometimes finds difficulty in attributing an
artificial origin there linger among the common people tales of the city
that once stood on the spot; of its walls, its castles, its palaces, its
temples, and the pompous worship of the deities there adored. Just as, in
Palestine, the identification of Bible localities has, m many instances,
been made complete by the preservation among the Bedouins of the
Scriptural names, so, in Ireland, the cities of pagan times are now being
located through the traditions of the humble tillers of the soil, who
transmit from father to son the place-names handed down for untold
generations.

Instances are so abundant as to defy enumeration, but a most notable one
is Tara, the greatest as it was the holiest city of pagan Ireland. Now it
is a group of irregular mounds that the casual observer would readily
mistake for natural hills, but for ages the name clung to the place until
at last the attention of antiquaries was attracted, interest was roused,
investigation made, excavation begun, and the site of Tara made a
certainty.

Not all ancient Irish cities, however, escaped the hand of time as well as
Tara, for there are geological indications of great natural convulsions in
the island at a date comparatively recent, and not a few of the Irish
lakes, whose name is legion, were formed by depression or upheaval, almost
within the period of written history. A fertile valley traversed by a
stream, a populous city by the little river, an earthquake-upheaval lower
down the watercourse, closing the exit from the valley, a rising and
spreading of the water, an exodus of the inhabitants, such has undoubtedly
been the history of Lough Derg and Lough Ree, which are but reservoirs in
the course of the River Shannon, while the upper and lower Erne lakes are
likewise simply expansions of the river Erne. Lough Neag had a similar
origin, the same being also true of Loughs Allen and Key. The Killarney
Lakes give indisputable evidence of the manner in which they were formed,
being enlargements of the Laune, and Loughs Carra and Mask, in Mayo, are
believed to have a subterranean outlet to Lough Carrib, the neighborhood
of all three testifying in the strongest possible manner to the sudden
closing of the natural outlet for the contributing streams.

The towns which at one time stood on ground now covered by the waters of
these lakes were not forgotten. The story of their fate was told by one
generation to another, but in course of ages the natural cause, well known
to the unfortunates at the time of the calamity, was lost to view, and the
story of the disaster began to assume supernatural features. The
destruction of the city became sudden; the inhabitants perished in their
dwellings; and, as a motive for so signal an event was necessary, it was
found in the punishment of duty neglected or crime committed.

Lough Allen is a small body of water in the County Leitrim, and on its
shores, partly covered by the waves, are several evidences of human
habitation, indications that the waters at present are much higher than
formerly. Among the peasants in the neighborhood there is a legend that
the little valley once contained a village. In the public square there was
a fountain guarded by spirits, fairies, elves, and leprechawns, who
objected to the building of the town in that locality, but upon an
agreement between themselves and the first settlers permitted the erection
of the houses on condition that the fountain be covered with an elegant
stone structure, the basin into which the water flowed from the spring to
be protected by a cover never to be left open, under pain of the town's
destruction, the good people being that nate an' clane that they didn't
want the laste speck av dust in the wather they drunk. So a decree was
issued, by the head man of the town, that the cover be always closed by
those resorting to the fountain for water, and that due heed might be
taken, children, boys under age, and unmarried women, were forbidden under
any circumstances to raise the lid of the basin.

For many years things went on well, the fairies and the townspeople
sharing alike the benefits of the fountain, till, on one unlucky day,
preparations for a wedding were going on in a house close by, and the
mother of the bride stood in urgent need of a bucket of water. Not being
able to bring it herself, the alleged reason being "she was scholdin' the
house in ordher," she commanded her daughter, the bride expectant, to go
in her stead.

The latter objected, urging the edict of the head man already mentioned,
but was overcome, partly by her mother's argument, that "the good people
know ye're the same as married now that the banns are cried," but
principally by the more potent consideration, "Av ye havn't that wather
here in a wink, I'll not lave a whole bone in yer body, ye lazy young
shtrap, an' me breaking me back wid the work," she took the bucket and
proceeded to the fountain with the determination to get the water and
"shlip out agin afore the good people 'ud find her out." Had she adhered
to this resolution, all would have been well, as the fairies would have
doubtless overlooked this infraction of the city ordinance. But as she was
filling the pail, her lover came in. Of course the two at once began to
talk of the all-important subject, and having never before taken water
from the fountain, she turned away, forgetting to close the cover of the
well. In an instant, a stream, resistless in force, burst forth, and
though all the married women of the town ran to put down the cover, their
efforts were in vain, the flood grew mightier, the village was submerged,
and, with two exceptions, all the inhabitants were drowned. The girl and
her lover violated poetic justice by escaping; for, seeing the mischief
they had done, they were the first to run away, witnessed the destruction
of the town from a neighboring hill, and were afterwards married, the
narrator of this incident coming to the sensible conclusion that "it was
too bad entirely that the wans that got away were the wans that, be
rights, ought to be droonded first."

Upper Lough Erne has a legend, in all important particulars identical with
that of Lough Allen, the catastrophe being, however, in the former case
brought about by the carelessness of a woman who left her baby at home
when she went after water and hearing it scream, "as aven the best babies
do be doin', God bless 'em, for no betther rayson than to lishen at
thimselves," she hurried back, forgetting to cover the well, with a
consequent calamity like that which followed similar forgetfulness at
Lough Allen.

In the County Mayo is found Lough Conn, once, according to local
story-tellers, the site of a village built within and around the enclosure
of a castle. The lord of the castle, being fond of fish, determined to
make a fish-pond, and as the spot selected for the excavation was covered
by the cabins of his poorest tenants, he ordered all the occupants to be
turned out forthwith, an order at once carried out "wid process-sarvers,
an' bailiffs, an' consthables, an' sogers, an' polis, an' the people all
shtandin' 'round." One of the evicted knelt on the ground and cursed the
chief with "all the seed, breed and gineration av 'im," and prayed "that
the throut-pond 'ud be the death av 'im." The prayer was speedily
answered, for no sooner was the water turned into the newly-made pond,
than an overflow resulted; the valley was filled; the waves climbed the
walls of the castle, nor ceased to rise till they had swept the chief from
the highest tower, where "he was down an his hard-hearted knees, sayin'
his baids as fast as he cud, an' bawlin' at all the saints aither to bring
him a boat or taiche him how to swim quick." Regard for the unfortunate
tenants, however, prevented any interference by the saints thus vigorously
and practically supplicated, so the chief was drowned and went, as the
story-teller concluded, to a locality where he "naded more wather than
he'd left behind him, an' had the comp'ny av a shwarm av other landlords
that turned out the poor to shtarve."

Lough Gara, in Sligo, flows over a once thriving little town, the City of
Peace, destroyed by an overflow on account of the lack of charity for
strangers. A poor widow entered it one night leading a child on each side
and carrying a baby at her breast. She asked alms and shelter, but in
vain; from door to door she went, but the customary Irish hospitality, so
abundant alike to the deserving and to the unworthy, was lacking. At the
end of the village "she begun to scraich, yer Anner, wid that shtrength
you'd think she'd shplit her troat." At this provocation, all the
inhabitants at once ran to ascertain the reason of so unusual a noise,
upon which, when they were gathered 'round her, the woman pronounced the
curse of the widow and orphan on the people and their town. They laughed
at her and returned home, but that night, the brook running through the
village became a torrent, the outlet was closed, the waters rose, and
"ivery wan o' them oncharitable blaggârds wor drownded, while they wor
aslape. Bad cess to the lie that's in it, for, sure, there's the lake to
this blessed day."

                        [Illustration: Lough Conn]

In County Antrim there lies Lough Neag, one of the largest and most
beautiful bodies of water on the island. The waters of the lake are
transparently blue, and even small pebbles on the bottom can be seen at a
considerable depth. Near the southern end, a survey of the bottom
discloses hewn stones laid in order, and careful observations have traced
the regular walls of a structure of considerable dimensions. Tradition
says it was a castle, surrounded by the usual village, and accounts for
its destruction by the lake on this wise. In ancient times, the castle was
owned by an Irish chief named Shane O'Donovan, noted for his bad traits of
character, being merciless in war, tyrannical in peace, feared by his
neighbors, hated by his dependents, and detested by everybody for his
inhospitality and want of charity. His castle then stood by the bank of
the lake, on an elevated promontory, almost an island, being joined to the
mainland by a narrow isthmus, very little above the water level.

By chance there came into that part of Ireland an angel who had been sent
from heaven to observe the people and note their piety. In the garb and
likeness of a man, weary and footsore with travel, the angel spied the
castle from the hills above the lake, came down, and boldly applied for a
night's lodging. Not only was his request refused, "but the oncivil Shane
O'Donovan set an his dogs fur to bite him." The angel turned away, but no
sooner had he left the castle gate than the villagers ran 'round him and a
contest ensued as to which of them should entertain the traveller. He made
his choice, going to the house of a cobbler who was "that poor that he'd
but the wan pitatee, and when he wanted another he broke wan in two." The
heavenly visitor shared the cobbler's potato and slept on the cobbler's
floor, "puttin' his feet into the fire to kape thim warrum," but at
daylight he rose, and calling the inhabitants of the village, led them
out, across the isthmus to a hill near by, and bid them look back. They
did so, beholding the castle and promontory separated from the mainland
and beginning to subside into the lake. Slowly, almost imperceptibly, the
castle sank, while the waters rose around, but stood like a wall on every
side of the castle, not wetting a stone from turret to foundation. At
length the wall of water was higher than the battlements, the angel waved
his hand, the waves rushed over the castle and its sleeping inmates, and
the O'Donovan inhospitality was punished. The angel pointed to a spot near
by, told the villagers to build and prosper there; then, as the
awe-stricken peasants kneeled before him, his clothing became white and
shining, wings appeared on his shoulders, he rose into the air and
vanished from their sight.

Of somewhat different origin is the pretty Lough Derryclare, in Connemara,
south of the Joyce Country. The ferocious O'Flahertys frequented this
region in past ages, and, with the exception of Oliver Cromwell, no
historical name is better known in the west of Ireland than O'Flaherty.
One of this doughty race was, it seems, a model of wickedness. "He was as
proud as a horse wid a wooden leg, an' so bad, that, savin' yer presince,
the divil himself was ashamed av him." This O'Flaherty had sent a party to
devastate a neighboring village, but as the men did not return promptly,
he started with a troop of horse in the direction they had taken. On the
way he was passing through a deep ravine at the bottom of which flowed a
tiny brook, when he met his returning troops, and questioning them as to
the thoroughness with which their bloody work had been done, found, to his
great wrath, that they had spared the church and those who took refuge in
its sacred precincts.

"May God drownd me where I shtand," said he, "if I don't shlay thim all an
the althar," and no doubt he would have done so, but the moment the words
passed his lips, the rivulet became a seething torrent, drowned him and
his men, and the lake was formed over the spot where they stood when the
curse was pronounced. "An' sometimes, they say, that when the lake is
quite shtill, ye may hear the groans av the lost sowls chained at the
bottom."

The fairies are responsible for at least two of the Irish lakes, Lough Key
and the Upper Lough Killarney. The former is an enlargement of the River
Boyle, a tributary of the Shannon, and is situated in Roscommon. At a low
stage of water, ruins can be discerned at the bottom of the river, and are
reported to be those of a city whose inhabitants injudiciously attempted
to swindle the "good people" in a land bargain. The city was built, it
seems, by permission of the fairies, the understanding being that all
raths were to be left undisturbed. For a long time the agreement was
respected, fairies and mortals living side by side, and neither class
interfering with the other. But, as the necessity for more arable land
became evident, it was determined by the townspeople to level several
raths and mounds that interfered with certain fields and boundary lines.
The dangers of such a course were plainly pointed out by the local
"fairy-man," and all the "knowledgable women" lifted their voices against
it, but in vain; down the raths must come and down they came, to the
consternation of the knowing ones, who predicted no end of evil from so
flagrant a violation of the treaty with the fairies.

The night after the demolition of the raths, one of the towns-men was
coming through the gorge below the city, when, "Millia, murther, there wor
more than a hundherd t'ousand little men in grane jackets bringin' shtones
an' airth an' buildin' a wall acrass the glen. Begob, I go bail but he was
the skairt man when he seen phat they done, an' run home wid all the legs
he had an' got his owld woman an' the childher. When she axed him phat he
was afther, he towld her to howld her whisht or he'd pull the tongue out
av her an' to come along an' not spake a word. So they got to the top o'
the hill an' then they seen the wathers swapin' an the city an' niver a
sowl was there left o' thim that wor in it. So the good people had their
rayvinge, an' the like o' that makes men careful wid raths, not to
displaze their betthers, for there's no sayin' phat they'll do."

The Upper Killarney lake was created by the fairy queen of Kerry to punish
her lover, the young Prince O'Donohue. She was greatly fascinated by him,
and, for a time, he was as devoted to her as woman's heart could wish. But
things changed, for, in the language of the boatman, who told the legend,
"whin a woman loves a man, she's satisfied wid wan, but whin a man loves a
woman, belike he's not contint wid twinty av her, an' so was it wid
O'Donohue." No doubt, however, he loved the fairy queen as long as he
could, but in time tiring of her, "he concluded to marry a foine lady, and
when the quane rayproached him wid forgittin' her, at first he said it
wasn't so, an' whin she proved it an him, faith he'd not a word left in
his jaw. So afther a dale o' blasthogue bechuxt thim, he got as mad as
Paddy Monagan's dog when they cut his tail aff, an' towld her he wanted no
more av her, an' she towld him agin for to go an' marry his red-headed
gurrul, 'but mârk ye,' says she to him, 'ye shall niver resave her into
yer cassel.' No more did he, for the night o' the weddin', while they were
all dhrinkin' till they were ready to burst, in comes the waither an'
says, 'Here's the wather,' says he. 'Wather,' says O'Donohue, 'we want no
wather to-night. Dhrink away.' 'But the wather's risin',' says the
waither. 'Arrah, ye Bladdherang,' says O'Donohue, 'phat d' ye mane be
inthrudin' an agrayble frinds an such an outspishus occasion wid yer
presince? Be aff, or be the powdhers o' war I'll wather ye,' says he,
risin' up for to shlay the waither. But wan av his gintlemin whuspered the
thruth in his year an' towld him to run. So he did an' got away just in
time, for the cassel was half full o' wather whin he left it. But the
quane didn't want to kill him, so he got away an' built another cassel an
the hill beyant where he lived wid his bride."

Still another origin for the Irish lakes is found in Mayo, where Lough
Carra is attributed to a certain "giont," by name unknown, who formerly
dwelt in the neighborhood, and, with one exception, found everything
necessary for comfort and convenience. He was a cleanly "giont," and
desirous of performing his ablutions regularly and thoroughly. The streams
in the neighborhood were ill adapted to his use, for when he entered any
one of them for bathing purposes "bad scran to the wan that 'ud take him
in furder than to the knees." Obviously this was not deep enough, so one
day when unusually in need of a bath and driven desperate by the
inadequacy of the means, "he spit an his han's an' went to work an' made
Lough Carra. 'Bedad,' says he, 'I'll have a wash now,' an' so he did," and
doubtless enjoyed it, for the lake is deep and the water clear and pure.

Just below Lough Carra is Lough Mask, a large lake between Mayo and
Galway. Concerning its origin, traditionary authorities differ, some
maintaining that the lake was the work of fairies, others holding that it
was scooped out by a rival of the cleanly gigantic party already
mentioned, a theory apparently confirmed by the fact that it has no
visible outlet, though several streams pour into it, its waters, it is
believed, escaping by a subterranean channel to Lough Corrib, thence to
the sea. Sundry unbelievers, however, stoutly assert a conviction that
"it's so be nacher entirely an' thim that says it's not is ignerant
gommochs that don't know," and in the face of determined scepticism the
question of the origin of the lake must remain unsettled.

Thus far, indeed, it is painful to be compelled to state that scarcely one
of the narratives of this chapter passes undisputed among the veracious
tradition-mongers of Ireland. Like most other countries in this practical,
poetry-decrying age, the Emerald Isle has scientists and sceptics, and
among the peasants are found many men who have no hesitation in
proclaiming their disbelief in "thim owld shtories," and who even openly
affirm that "laigends about fairies an' giants is all lies complately." In
the face of this growing tendency towards materialism and the disposition
to find in natural causes an explanation of wonderful events, it is
pleasant to be able to conclude this chapter with an undisputed account of
the origin of Lough Ree in the River Shannon, the accuracy of the
information being in every particular guaranteed by a boatman on the
Shannon, "a respectable man," who solemnly asseverated "Sure, that's no
laigend, but the blessed truth as I'm livin' this minnit, for I'd sooner
cut out me tongue be the root than desave yer Anner, when every wan knows
there's not a taste av a lie in it at all."

"When the blessed Saint Pathrick was goin' through Ireland from wan end to
the other buildin' churches, an' Father Malone says he built three
hundherd an' sixty foive, that's a good manny, he come to Roscommon be the
way av Athlone, where ye saw the big barracks an' the sojers. So he passed
through Athlone, the counthry bein' full o' haythens entirely an' not av
Crissans, and went up the Shannon, kapin' the river on his right hand, an'
come to a big peat bog, that's where the lake is now. There were more than
a thousand poor omadhawns av haythens a-diggin' the peat, an' the blessed
saint convarted thim at wanst afore he'd shtir a toe to go anny furder.
Then he built thim a church an the hill be the bog, an' gev thim a holy
man fur a priest be the name o' Caruck, that I b'lave is a saint too or
lasteways ought to be fur phat he done. So Saint Pathrick left thim wid
the priest, givin' him great power on the divil an' avil sper'ts, and
towld him to build a priest's house as soon as he cud. So the blessed
Caruck begged an' begged as long as he got anny money, an' whin he'd the
last ha'penny he cud shtart, he begun the priest's house fur to kape monks
in.

"But the divil was watchin' him ivery minnit, fur it made the owld felly
tarin' mad to see himself bate out o' the face that-a-way in the counthry
where he'd been masther so long, an' he detarmined he'd spile the job. So
wan night, he goes to the bottom o' the bog, an' begins dammin' the
shtrame, from wan side to the other, layin' the shtones shtrong an' tight,
an' the wather begins a risin' an the bog. Now it happened that the
blessed Caruck wasn't aslape as Satan thought, but up an' about, for he
misthrusted that the Owld Wan was dodgin' round like a wayzel, an' was an
the watch fur him. So when the blessed man saw the wather risin' on the
bog an' not a taste o' rain fallin', 'Phat's this?' says he. 'Sure it's
some o' Satan's deludherin'.'

"So down he goes bechuxt the hills an' kapin' from the river, an' comes up
below where the divil was workin' away pilin' on the airth an' shtones. So
he comes craipin' up on him an' when he got purty clost, he riz an' says,
'Hilloo, Nayber!' Now Belzebub was like to dhrop on the ground wid fright
at the look av him, he was that astonished. But there was no gettin' away,
so he shtopped on the job, wiped the shweat aff his face, an' says,
'Hilloo yerself.'

"'Ye're at yer owld thricks,' says the blessed Caruck.

"'Shmall blame to me, that's,' says Belzebub, 'wid yer churches an' saints
an' convartin' thim haythens, ye're shpiling me business entirely. Sure,
haven't I got to airn me bread?' says he, spakin' up as bowld as a cock,
and axcusin' himself.

"At first the blessed Caruck was goin' to be rough wid him for shtrivin'
to interfare wid the church an' the priest's house be risin' the wather on
thim, but that minnit the moon shone out as bright as day an' he looked
back an' there was the beautifulest lake he iver set his blessed eyes on,
an' the church wid its towers riz above it like a fairy cassel in a
dhrame, an' he clasped his hands wid delight. So Satan looked too an' was
mortefied to death wid invy when he seen how he bate himself at his own
game.

"So the blessed Caruck towld Belzebub to lave the dam where it was, an'
then, thinkin' av the poor bog-throtters that 'ud nade the turf, he
ordhered him beways av a punishmint, to dig all the turf there was in the
bog an' pile it up on the hill to dhry.

"'Don't you lave as much as a speck av it undher wather,' says he to him,
'or as sure as I'm a saint I'll make ye repint it to the end o' yer
snakin' life,' says he, an' thin stud on the bank an' watched the Owld
Deludher while he brought out the turf in loads on his back, an' ivery
load as big as the church, till the hape av sods was as high as a
mountain. So he got it done be mornin', an' glad enough was the divil to
have the job aff his hands, fur he was as wet as a goose in May an' as
tired as a pedler's donkey. So the blessed Caruck towld him to take
himself aff an' not come back: that he was mighty well plazed to do.

                  [Illustration: The Church by the Bog]

"That's the way the lake come to be here, an' the blessed Caruck come well
out o' that job, fur he sold the turf an' built a big house on the shore
wid the money, an' chated the divil besides, Glory be to God, when the
Owld Wan was thryin' his best fur to sarcumvint a saint."





ABOUT THE FAIRIES.


             [Illustration: Initial: "About the Fairies"]

The Oriental luxuriance of the Irish mythology is nowhere more
conspicuously displayed than when dealing with the history, habits,
characteristics and pranks of the "good people." According to the most
reliable of the rural "fairy-men," a race now nearly extinct, the fairies
were once angels, so numerous as to have formed a large part of the
population of heaven. When Satan sinned and drew throngs of the heavenly
host with him into open rebellion, a large number of the less warlike
spirits stood aloof from the contest that followed, fearing the
consequences, and not caring to take sides till the issue of the conflict
was determined. Upon the defeat and expulsion of the rebellious angels,
those who had remained neutral were punished by banishment from heaven,
but their offence being only one of omission, they were not consigned to
the pit with Satan and his followers, but were sent to earth where they
still remain, not without hope that on the last day they may be pardoned
and readmitted to Paradise. They are thus on their good behavior, but
having power to do infinite harm, they are much feared, and spoken of,
either in a whisper or aloud, as the "good people."

Unlike Leprechawns, who are not considered fit associates for reputable
fairies, the good people are not solitary, but quite sociable, and always
live in large societies, the members of which pursue the coöperative plan
of labor and enjoyment, owning all their property, the kind and amount of
which are somewhat indefinite, in common, and uniting their efforts to
accomplish any desired object, whether of work or play. They travel in
large bands, and although their parties are never seen in the daytime,
there is little difficulty in ascertaining their line of march, for, "sure
they make the terriblest little cloud o' dust iver raised, an' not a bit
o' wind in it at all," so that a fairy migration is sometimes the talk of
the county. "Though, be nacher, they're not the length av yer finger, they
can make thimselves the bigness av a tower when it plazes thim, an' av
that ugliness that ye'd faint wid the looks o' thim, as knowin' they can
shtrike ye dead on the shpot or change ye into a dog, or a pig, or a
unicorn, or anny other dirthy baste they plaze."

As a matter of fact, however, the fairies are by no means so numerous at
present as they were formerly, a recent historian remarking that the
National Schools and societies of Father Mathew are rapidly driving the
fairies out of the country, for "they hate larnin' an' wisdom an' are
lovers av nacher entirely."

In a few remote districts, where the schools are not yet well established,
the good people are still found, and their doings are narrated with a
childlike faith in the power of these first inhabitants of Ireland, for it
seems to be agreed that they were in the country long before the coming
either of the Irishman or of his Sassenagh oppressor.

The bodies of the fairies are not composed of flesh and bones, but of an
ethereal substance, the nature of which is not determined. "Ye can see
thimselves as plain as the nose on yer face, an' can see through thim like
it was a mist." They have the power of vanishing from human sight when
they please, and the fact that the air is sometimes full of them inspires
the respect entertained for them by the peasantry. Sometimes they are
heard without being seen, and when they travel through the air, as they
often do, are known by a humming noise similar to that made by a swarm of
bees. Whether or not they have wings is uncertain. Barney Murphy, of
Kerry, thought they had; for several seen by him a number of years ago
seemed to have long, semi-transparent pinions, "like thim that grows on a
dhraggin-fly." Barney's neighbors, however, contradicted him by stoutly
denying the good people the attribute of wings, and intimated that at the
time Barney saw the fairies he was too drunk to distinguish a pair of
wings from a pair of legs, so this branch of the subject must remain in
doubt.

With regard to their dress, the testimony is undisputed. Young lady
fairies wear pure white robes and usually allow their hair to flow loosely
over their shoulders; while fairy matrons bind up their tresses in a coil
on the top or back of the head, also surrounding the temples with a golden
band. Young gentlemen elves wear green jackets, with white breeches and
stockings; and when a fairy of either sex has need of a cap or
head-covering, the flower of the fox-glove is brought into requisition.

Male fairies are perfect in all military exercises, for, like the other
inhabitants of Ireland, fairies are divided into factions, the objects of
contention not, in most cases, being definitely known. In Kerry, a number
of years ago, there was a great battle among the fairies, one party
inhabiting a rath or sepulchral mound, the other an unused and lonely
graveyard. Paddy O'Donohue was the sole witness of this encounter, the
narrative being in his own words.

"I was lyin' be the road, bein' on me way home an' tired wid the walkin'.
A bright moon was out that night, an' I heard a noise like a million av
sogers, thrampin' on the road, so I riz me an' looked, an' the way was
full av little men, the length o' me hand, wid grane coats on, an' all in
rows like wan o' the ridgmints; aitch wid a pike on his showldher an' a
shield on his arrum. Wan was in front, beway he was the ginral, walkin'
wid his chin up as proud as a paycock. Jagers, but I was skairt an' prayed
fasther than iver I did in me life, for it was too clost to me entirely
they wor for comfort or convaynience aither. But they all went by, sorra
the wan o' thim turnin' his head to raygard me at all, Glory be to God for
that same; so they left me. Afther they were clane gone by, I had curosity
for to see phat they were afther, so I folly'd thim, a good bit aff, an'
ready to jump an' run like a hare at the laste noise, for I was afeared if
they caught me at it, they'd make a pig o' me at wanst or change me into a
baste complately. They marched into the field bechuxt the graveyard an'
the rath, an' there was another army there wid red coats, from the
graveyard, an' the two armies had the biggest fight ye iver seen, the
granes agin the reds. Afther lookin' on a bit, I got axcited, for the
granes were batin' the reds like blazes, an' I up an' give a whilloo an'
called out, 'At 'em agin! Don't lave wan o' the blaggards!' An' wid that
word, the sight left me eyes an' I remimber no more till mornin', an'
there was I, layin' on the road where I seen thim, as shtiff as a crutch."

The homes of the fairies are commonly in raths, tumuli of the pagan days
of Ireland, and, on this account, raths are much dreaded, and after
sundown are avoided by the peasantry. Attempts have been made to remove
some of these raths, but the unwillingness of the peasants to engage in
the work, no matter what inducements may be offered in compensation, has
generally resulted in the abandonment of the undertaking. On one of the
islands in the Upper Lake of Killarney there is a rath, and the
proprietor, finding it occupied too much ground, resolved to have it
levelled to increase the arable surface of the field. The work was begun,
but one morning, in the early dawn, as the laborers were crossing the lake
on their way to the island, they saw a procession of about two hundred
persons, habited like monks, leave the island and proceed to the mainland,
followed, as the workmen thought, by a long line of small, shining
figures. The phenomenon was perhaps genuine, for the mirage is by no means
an uncommon appearance in some parts of Ireland, but work on the rath was
at once indefinitely postponed. Besides raths, old castles, deserted
graveyards, ruined churches, secluded glens in the mountains, springs,
lakes, and caves all are the homes and resorts of fairies, as is very well
known on the west coast.

The better class of fairies are fond of human society and often act as
guardians to those they love. In parts of Donegal and Galway they are
believed to receive the souls of the dying and escort them to the gates of
heaven, not, however, being allowed to enter with them. On this account,
fairies love graves and graveyards, having often been seen walking to and
fro among the grassy mounds. There are, indeed, some accounts of faction
fights among the fairy bands at or shortly after a funeral, the question
in dispute being whether the soul of the departed belonged to one or the
other faction.

                    [Illustration: Music: Fairy Dance]

The amusements of the fairies consist of music, dancing, and ball-playing.
In music their skill exceeds that of men, while their dancing is perfect,
the only drawback being the fact that it blights the grass, "fairy-rings"
of dead grass, apparently caused by a peculiar fungous growth, being
common in Ireland. Although their musical instruments are few, the fairies
use these few with wonderful skill. Near Colooney, in Sligo, there is a
"knowlageable woman," whose grandmother's aunt once witnessed a fairy
ball, the music for which was furnished by an orchestra which the
management had no doubt been at great pains and expense to secure and
instruct.

"It was the cutest sight alive. There was a place for thim to shtand on,
an' a wondherful big fiddle av the size ye cud slape in it, that was
played be a monsthrous frog, an' two little fiddles, that two kittens
fiddled on, an' two big drums, baten be cats, an' two trumpets, played be
fat pigs. All round the fairies were dancin' like angels, the fireflies
givin' thim light to see by, an' the moonbames shinin' on the lake, for it
was be the shore it was, an' if ye don't belave it, the glen's still
there, that they call the fairy glen to this blessed day."

The fairies do much singing, seldom, however, save in chorus, and their
songs were formerly more frequently heard than at present. Even now a
belated peasant, who has been at a wake, or is coming home from a fair, in
passing a rath will sometimes hear the soft strains of their voices in the
distance, and will hurry away lest they discover his presence and be angry
at the intrusion on their privacy. When in unusually good spirits they
will sometimes admit a mortal to their revels, but if he speaks, the scene
at once vanishes, he becomes insensible, and generally finds himself by
the roadside the next morning, "wid that degray av pains in his arrums an'
legs an' back, that if sixteen thousand divils were afther him, he cudn't
stir a toe to save the sowl av him, that's phat the fairies do be pinchin'
an' punchin' him for comin' on them an' shpakin' out loud."

Kindly disposed fairies often take great pleasure in assisting those who
treat them with proper respect, and as the favors always take a practical
form, there is sometimes a business value in the show of reverence for
them. There was Barney Noonan, of the County Leitrim, for instance, "An'
sorra a betther boy was in the county than Barney. He'd work as reg'lar as
a pump, an' liked a bit av divarshun as well as annybody when he'd time
for it, that wasn't aften, to be sure, but small blame to him, for he
wasn't rich be no manner o' manes. He'd a power av ragârd av the good
people, an' when he wint be the rath beyant his field, he'd pull aff his
caubeen an' take the dudheen out av his mouth, as p'lite as a dancin'
masther, an' say, 'God save ye, ladies an' gintlemen,' that the good
people always heard though they niver showed thimselves to him. He'd a bit
o' bog, that the hay was on, an' afther cuttin' it, he left it for to
dhry, an' the sun come out beautiful an' in a day or so the hay was as
dhry as powdher an' ready to put away.

"So Barney was goin' to put it up, but, it bein' the day av the fair, he
thought he'd take the calf an' sell it, an' so he did, an' comin' up wid
the boys, he stayed over his time, bein' hindhered wid dhrinkin' an'
dancin' an' palaverin' at the gurls, so it was afther dark when he got
home an' the night as black as a crow, the clouds gatherin' on the tops av
the mountains like avil sper'ts an' crapin' down into the glens like
disthroyin' angels, an' the wind howlin' like tin thousand Banshees, but
Barney didn't mind it all wan copper, bein' glorified wid the dhrink he'd
had. So the hay niver enthered the head av him, but in he wint an' tumbled
in bed an' was shnorin' like a horse in two minnits, for he was a
bach'ler, God bless him, an' had no wife to gosther him an' ax him where
he'd been, an' phat he'd been at, an' make him tell a hunderd lies about
not gettin' home afore. So it came on to thunder an' lighten like as all
the avil daymons in the univarse were fightin' wid cannons in the shky,
an' by an' by there was a clap loud enough to shplit yer skull an' Barney
woke up.

"'Tattheration to me,' says he to himself, 'it's goin' for to rain an' me
hay on the ground. Phat 'll I do?' says he.

"So he rowled over on the bed an' looked out av a crack for to see if it
was ralely rainin'. An' there was the biggest crowd he iver seen av little
men an' wimmin. They'd built a row o' fires from the cow-house to the bog
an' were comin' in a shtring like the cows goin' home, aitch wan wid his
two arrums full o' hay. Some were in the cow-house, resayvin' the hay;
some were in the field, rakin' the hay together; an' some were shtandin'
wid their hands in their pockets beways they were the bosses, tellin' the
rest for to make haste. An' so they did, for every wan run like he was
afther goin' for the docther, an' brought a load an' hurried back for
more.

"Barney looked through the crack at thim a crossin' himself ivery minnit
wid admiration for the shpeed they had. 'God be good to me,' says he to
himself, ''tis not ivery gossoon in Leitrim that's got haymakers like
thim,' only he never spake a word out loud, for he knewn very well the
good people 'ud n't like it. So they brought in all the hay an' put it in
the house an' thin let the fires go out an' made another big fire in front
o' the dure, an' begun to dance round it wid the swatest music Barney iver
heard.

"Now be this time he'd got up an' feelin' aisey in his mind about the hay,
begun to be very merry. He looked on through the dure at thim dancin', an'
by an' by they brought out a jug wid little tumblers and begun to drink
summat that they poured out o' the jug. If Barney had the sense av a
herrin', he'd a kept shtill an' let thim dhrink their fill widout openin'
the big mouth av him, bein' that he was as full as a goose himself an'
naded no more; but when he seen the jug an' the tumblers an' the fairies
drinkin' away wid all their mights, he got mad an' bellered out like a
bull, 'Arra-a-a-h now, ye little attomies, is it dhrinkin' ye are, an'
never givin' a sup to a thirsty mortial that always thrates yez as well as
he knows how,' and immejitly the fairies, an' the fire, an' the jug all
wint out av his sight, an' he to bed agin in a timper. While he was layin'
there, he thought he heard talkin' an' a cugger-mugger goin' on, but when
he peeped out agin, sorra a thing did he see but the black night an' the
rain comin' down an' aitch dhrop the full av a wather-noggin. So he wint
to slape, continted that the hay was in, but not plazed that the good
people 'ud be pigs entirely, to be afther dhrinkin' undher his eyes an'
not offer him a taste, no, not so much as a shmell at the jug.

"In the mornin' up he gets an' out for to look at the hay an' see if the
fairies put it in right, for he says, 'It's a job they're not used to.' So
he looked in the cow-house an' thought the eyes 'ud lave him when there
wasn't a shtraw in the house at all. 'Holy Moses,' says he, 'phat have
they done wid it?' an' he couldn't consave phat had gone wid the hay. So
he looked in the field an' it was all there; bad luck to the bit av it had
the fairies left in the house at all, but when he shouted at thim, they
got tarin' mad an' took all the hay back agin to the bog, puttin' every
shtraw where Barney laid it, an' it was as wet as a drownded cat. But it
was a lesson to him he niver forgot, an' I go bail that the next time the
fairies help him in wid his hay he'll kape shtill an' let thim dhrink
thimselves to death if they plaze widout sayin' a word."

The good people have the family relations of husband and wife, parent and
child, and although it is darkly hinted by some that fairy husbands and
wives have as many little disagreements as are found in mortal households,
"for, sure a woman's tongue is longer than a man's patience," and "a
husband is bound for to be gosthered day in an' day out, for a woman's jaw
is sharpened on the divil's grindshtone," yet opinions unfavorable to
married happiness among the fairies are not generally received. On the
contrary, it is believed that married life in fairy circles is regulated
on the basis of the absolute submission of the wife to the husband. As
this point was elucidated by a Donegal woman, "They're wan, that's the
husband an' the wife, but he's more the wan than she is."

The love of children is one of the most prominent traits of fairy
character, but as it manifests itself by stealing beautiful babes,
replacing them by young Leprechawns, the fairies are much dreaded by west
coast mothers, and many precautions are taken against the elves. Thefts of
this kind now rarely occur, but once they were common, as "in thim owld
times, ye cud see tin fairies where there isn't wan now, be razon o' thim
lavin' the counthry."

A notable case of baby stealing occurred in the family of Termon Magrath,
who had a castle, now in picturesque ruins, on the shore of Lough Erne, in
the County Donegal. The narrator of the incident was "a knowledgable
woman," who dwelt in an apology for a cabin, a thatched shed placed
against the precipitous side of the glen almost beneath the castle. The
wretched shelter was nearly concealed from view by the overhanging
branches of a large tree and by thick undergrowth, and seemed unfit for a
pig-pen, but, though her surroundings were poor beyond description, "Owld
Meg," in the language of one of her neighbors, "knew a dale av fairies an'
witches an' could kape thim from a babby betther than anny woman that iver
dhrew the breath av life." A bit of tobacco to enable her to take a "dhraw
o' the pipe, an' that warms me heart to the whole worruld," brought forth
the story.

                        [Illustration: "Owld Meg"]

"It's a manny year ago, that Termon Magrath wint, wid all his army, to the
war in the County Tyrone, an' while he was gone the babby was born an'
they called her Eva. She was her mother's first, so she felt moighty
onaisey in her mind about her 's knowin' that the good people do be always
afther the first wan that comes, an' more whin it's a girl that's in it,
that they thry to stale harder than they do a boy, bekase av belavin'
they're aisier fur to rare, though it's mesilf that doesn't belave that
same, fur wan girl makes more throuble than tin boys an' isn't a haporth
more good.

"So whin the babby was born they sent afther an owld struckawn av a widdy
that set up for a wise woman, that knew no more o' doctherin' than a pig
av Paradise, but they thought she could kape away the fairies, that's a
job that takes no ind av knowledge in thim that thries it. But the poor
owld woman did the best she knew how, an' so, God be good to her, she
wasn't to be blamed fur that, but it's the likes av her that do shame thim
that's larned in such things, fur they make people think all wise wimmin
as ignerant as hersilf. So she made the sign o' the crass on the babby's
face wid ashes, an' towld thim to bite aff its nails and not cut thim till
nine weeks, an' held a burnin' candle afore its eyes, so it 'ud do the
deeds av light an' not av darkness, an' mixed sugar an' salt an' oil, an'
give it to her, that her life 'ud be swate an' long presarved an' go
smooth, but the owld widdy forgot wan thing. She didn't put a lucky
shamrock, that 's got four leaves, in a gospel an' tie it 'round the
babby's neck wid a t'read pulled out av her gown, an' not mindin' this,
all the rest was no good at all. No more did she tell the mother not to
take her eyes aff the child till the ninth day; afther that the fairies
cud n't take it.

"So the nurse tuk the babby in the next room an' laid it on the bed, an'
wint away for a minnit, but thinkin' she heard it cry, back she come an'
there was the babby, bedclothes an' all just goin' through the flure,
bein' dhrawn be the fairies. The nurse scraiched an' caught the clothes
an' the maid helped her, so that the two o' thim pulled wid all their
mights an' got the bedclothes up agin, but while the child was out o'
sight, the fairies changed it an' put a fairy child in its place, but the
nurse didn't know phat the fairies done, no more did the owld struckawn,
that shows she was an ignerant woman entirely. But the fairies tuk Eva
away undher the lake where they trated her beautiful. Every night they gev
her a dance, wid the loveliest music that was iver heard, wid big drums
an' little drums, an' fiddles an' pipes an' thrumpets, fur such a band the
good people do have when they give a dance.

"So she grew an' the quane said she should have a husband among the
fairies, but she fell in love wid an owld Leprechawn, an' the quane, to
sarcumvint her, let her walk on the shore o' the lake where she met Darby
O'Hoolighan an' loved him an' married him be the quane's consint. The
quane towld her to tell him if he shtruck her three blows widout a razon,
she'd lave him an' come back to the fairies. The quane gev her a power av
riches, shape an' pigs widout number an' more oxen than ye cud count in a
week. So she an' Darby lived together as happy as two doves, an' she
hadn't as much care as a blind piper's dog, morebetoken, they had two
boys, good lookin' like their mother an' shtrong as their father.

                  [Illustration: Eva calling the Cattle]

"Wan day, afther they'd been marred siventeen years, she an' Darby were
goin' to a weddin', an' she was shlow, so Darby towld her fur to hurry an'
gev her a slap on the shouldher wid the palm av his hand, so she begun to
cry. He axed her phat ailed her an' she towld him he'd shtruck her the
first av the three blows. So he was mighty sorry an' said he'd be careful,
but it wasn't more than a year afther, when he was taichin' wan o' the
boys to use a shtick, that she got behind him an' got hit wid the
shillaly. That was the second blow, an' made her lose her timper, an' they
had a rale quarl. So he got mad, sayin' that nayther o' thim blows ought
to be counted, bein' they both come be accident. So he flung the shtick
agin the wall, 'Divil take the shtick,' says he, an' went out quick, an'
the shtick fell back from the wall an' hit her an the head. 'That's the
third,' says she, an' she kissed her sons an' walked out. Thin she called
the cows in the field an' they left grazin' an' folly'd her; she called
the oxen in the shtalls an' they quit atin' an' come out; an' she shpoke
to the calf that was hangin' in the yard, that they'd killed that mornin'
an' it got down an' come along. The lamb that was killed the day afore, it
come; an' the pigs that were salted an' thim hangin' up to dhry, they
come, all afther her in a shtring. Thin she called to her things in the
house, an' the chairs walked out, an' the tables, an' the chist av
drawers, an' the boxes, all o' thim put out legs like bastes an' come
along, wid the pots an' pans, an' gridiron, an' buckets, an' noggins, an'
kish, lavin' the house as bare as a 'victed tinant's, an' all afther her
to the lake, where they wint undher an' disappared, an' haven't been seen
be man or mortial to this blessed day.

"Now, there's thim that says the shtory aint thrue, fur, says they, how
'ud a woman do such a thrick as go aff that a way an' take ivery thing she
had, just bekase av her husband hittin' her be accident thim three times.
But thim that says it forgits that she was a young wan, aven if she did
have thim boys I was afther tellin' ye av, an' faith, it's no lie I'm
sayin', that it's not in the power av the angels o' God to be knowin' phat
a young wan 'ull be doin'. Afther they get owld, an' do be losin' their
taythe, an' their beauty goes, thin they're sober an' get over thim
notions; but it takes a dale av time to make an owld wan out av a young
wan.

"But she didn't forget the boys she'd left, an' wanst in a while she'd
come to the aidge av the lake whin they were clost be the bank an' spake
wid thim, fur aven, if she was half a fairy, she'd the mother's heart that
the good God put in her bosom; an' wan time they seen her wid a little
attomy av a man alang wid her, that was a Leprechawn, as they knewn be the
look av him, an' that makes me belave that the rale rayzon av her lavin'
her husband was to get back to the owld Leprechawn she was in love wid
afore she was marr'd to Darby O'Hoolighan."





THE BANSHEE.


                [Illustration: Initial: "The Banshee"]

Although the Irish have the reputation of being grossly superstitious,
they are not a whit more so than the peasantry of England, France, or
Germany, nor scarcely as much addicted to superstitious beliefs and
fancies as the lower class of Scottish Highlanders. The Irish imagination
is, however, so lively as to endow the legends of the Emerald Isle with an
individuality not possessed by those of most other nations, while the
Irish command of language presents the creatures of Hibernian fancy in a
garb so vividly real and yet so fantastically original as to make an
impression sometimes exceedingly startling.

Of the creations of the Irish imagination, some are humorous, some
grotesque, and some awe-inspiring even to sublimity, and chief among the
last class is "the weird-wailing Banshee, that sings by night her mournful
cry," giving notice to the family she attends that one of its members is
soon to be called to the spirit-world. The name of this dreaded attendant
is variously pronounced, as Banshee, Banshi, and Benshee, being translated
by different scholars, the Female Fairy, the Woman of Peace, the Lady of
Death, the Angel of Death, the White Lady of Sorrow, the Nymph of the Air,
and the Spirit of the Air. The Banshee is quite distinct from the Fearshee
or Shifra, the Man of Peace, the latter bringing good tidings and singing
a joyful lay near the house when unexpected good fortune is to befall any
or all its inmates. The Banshee is really a disembodied soul, that of one
who, in life, was strongly attached to the family, or who had good reason
to hate all its members. Thus, in different instances, the Banshee's song
may be inspired by opposite motives. When the Banshee loves those whom she
calls, the song is a low, soft chant, giving notice, indeed, of the close
proximity of the angel of death, but with a tenderness of tone that
reassures the one destined to die and comforts the survivors; rather a
welcome than a warning, and having in its tones a thrill of exultation, as
though the messenger spirit were bringing glad tidings to him summoned to
join the waiting throng of his ancestors. If, during her lifetime, the
Banshee was an enemy of the family, the cry is the scream of a fiend,
howling with demoniac delight over the coming death-agony of another of
her foes.

                [Illustration: Music: Song of the Banshee]

In some parts of Ireland there exists a belief that the spirits of the
dead are not taken from earth, nor do they lose all their former interest
in earthly affairs, but enjoy the happiness of the saved, or suffer the
punishment imposed for their sins, in the neighborhood of the scenes among
which they lived while clothed in flesh and blood. At particular crises in
the affairs of mortals, these disenthralled spirits sometimes display joy
or grief in such a manner as to attract the attention of living men and
women. At weddings they are frequently unseen guests; at funerals they are
always present; and sometimes, at both weddings and funerals, their
presence is recognized by aerial voices or mysterious music known to be of
unearthly origin. The spirits of the good wander with the living as
guardian angels, but the spirits of the bad are restrained in their
action, and compelled to do penance at or near the places where their
crimes were committed. Some are chained at the bottoms of the lakes,
others buried under ground, others confined in mountain gorges; some hang
on the sides of precipices, others are transfixed on the tree-tops, while
others haunt the homes of their ancestors, all waiting till the penance
has been endured and the hour of release arrives. The Castle of
Dunseverick, in Antrim, is believed to be still inhabited by the spirit of
a chief, who there atones for a horrid crime, while the castles of
Dunluce, of Magrath, and many others are similarly peopled by the wicked
dead. In the Abbey of Clare, the ghost of a sinful abbot walks and will
continue to do so until his sin has been atoned for by the prayers he
unceasingly mutters in his tireless march up and down the aisles of the
ruined nave.

The Banshee is of the spirits who look with interested eyes on earthly
doings; and, deeply attached to the old families, or, on the contrary,
regarding all their members with a hatred beyond that known to mortals,
lingers about their dwellings to soften or to aggravate the sorrow of the
approaching death. The Banshee attends only the old families, and though
their descendants, through misfortune, may be brought down from high
estate to the ranks of peasant-tenants, she never leaves nor forgets them
till the last member has been gathered to his fathers in the churchyard.
The MacCarthys, Magraths, O'Neills, O'Rileys, O'Sullivans, O'Reardons,
O'Flahertys, and almost all other old families of Ireland, have Banshees,
though many representatives of these names are in abject poverty.

The song of the Banshee is commonly heard a day or two before the death of
which it gives notice, though instances are cited of the song at the
beginning of a course of conduct or line of undertaking that resulted
fatally. Thus, in Kerry, a young girl engaged herself to a youth, and at
the moment her promise of marriage was given, both heard the low, sad wail
above their heads. The young man deserted her, she died of a broken heart,
and the night before her death, the Banshee's song, loud and clear, was
heard outside the window of her mother's cottage. One of the O'Flahertys,
of Galway, marched out of his castle with his men on a foray, and, as his
troops filed through the gateway, the Banshee was heard high above the
towers of the fortress. The next night she sang again, and was heard no
more for a month, when his wife heard the wail under her window, and on
the following day his followers brought back his corpse. One of the
O'Neills of Shane Castle, in Antrim, heard the Banshee as he started on a
journey before daybreak, and was accidentally killed some time after, but
while on the same journey.

                  [Illustration: The "Hateful Banshee"]

The wail most frequently comes at night, although cases are cited of
Banshees singing during the daytime, and the song is often inaudible to
all save the one for whom the warning is intended. This, however, is not
general, the death notice being for the family rather than for the doomed
individual. The spirit is generally alone, though rarely several are heard
singing in chorus. A lady of the O'Flaherty family, greatly beloved for
her social qualities, benevolence, and piety, was, some years ago, taken
ill at the family mansion near Galway, though no uneasiness was felt on
her account, as her ailment seemed nothing more than a slight cold. After
she had remained in-doors for a day or two several of her acquaintances
came to her room to enliven her imprisonment, and while the little party
were merrily chatting, strange sounds were heard, and all trembled and
turned pale as they recognized the singing of a chorus of Banshees. The
lady's ailment developed into pleurisy, and she died in a few days, the
chorus being again heard in a sweet, plaintive requiem as the spirit was
leaving her body. The honor of being warned by more than one Banshee is,
however, very great, and comes only to the purest of the pure.

The "hateful Banshee" is much dreaded by members of a family against which
she has enmity. A noble Irish family, whose name is still familiar in
Mayo, is attended by a Banshee of this description. This Banshee is the
spirit of a young girl deceived and afterwards murdered by a former head
of the family. With her dying breath she cursed her murderer, and promised
she would attend him and his forever. Many years passed, the chieftain
reformed his ways, and his youthful crime was almost forgotten even by
himself, when, one night, he and his family were seated by the fire, and
suddenly the most horrid shrieks were heard outside the castle walls. All
ran out, but saw nothing. During the night the screams continued as though
the castle were besieged by demons, and the unhappy man recognized, in the
cry of the Banshee, the voice of the young girl he had murdered. The next
night he was assassinated by one of his followers, when again the wild,
unearthly screams of the spirit were heard, exulting over his fate. Since
that night, the "hateful Banshee" has never failed to notify the family,
with shrill cries of revengeful gladness, when the time of one of their
number had arrived.

                  [Illustration: The "Friendly Banshee"]

Banshees are not often seen, but those that have made themselves visible
differ as much in personal appearance as in the character of their cries.
The "friendly Banshee" is a young and beautiful female spirit, with pale
face, regular, well-formed features, hair sometimes coal-black, sometimes
golden; eyes blue, brown, or black. Her long, white drapery falls below
her feet as she floats in the air, chanting her weird warning, lifting her
hands as if in pitying tenderness bestowing a benediction on the soul she
summons to the invisible world. The "hateful Banshee" is a horrible hag,
with angry, distorted features; maledictions are written in every line of
her wrinkled face, and her outstretched arms call down curses on the
doomed member of the hated race. Though generally the only intimation of
the presence of the Banshee is her cry, a notable instance of the contrary
exists in the family of the O'Reardons, to the doomed member of which the
Banshee always appears in the shape of an exceedingly beautiful woman, who
sings a song so sweetly solemn as to reconcile him to his approaching
fate.

The prophetic spirit does not follow members of a family who go to a
foreign land, but should death overtake them abroad, she gives notice of
the misfortune to those at home. When the Duke of Wellington died, the
Banshee was heard wailing round the house of his ancestors, and during the
Napoleonic campaigns, she frequently notified Irish families of the death
in battle of Irish officers and soldiers. The night before the battle of
the Boyne several Banshees were heard singing in the air over the Irish
camp, the truth of their prophecy being verified by the death-roll of the
next day.

How the Banshee is able to obtain early and accurate information from
foreign parts of the death in battle of Irish soldiers is yet undecided in
Hibernian mystical circles. Some believe that there are, in addition to
the two kinds already mentioned, "silent Banshees," who act as attendants
to the members of old families, one to each member; that these silent
spirits follow and observe, bringing back intelligence to the family
Banshee at home, who then, at the proper seasons, sings her dolorous
strain. A partial confirmation of this theory is seen in the fact that the
Banshee has given notice at the family seat in Ireland of deaths in
battles fought in every part of the world. From North America, the West
Indies, Africa, Australia, India, China; from every point to which Irish
regiments have followed the roll of the British drums, news of the
prospective shedding of Irish blood has been brought home, and the
slaughter preceded by a Banshee wail outside the ancestral windows. But it
is due to the reader to state, that this silent Banshee theory is by no
means well or generally received, the burden of evidence going to show
that there are only two kinds of Banshees, and that, in a supernatural
way, they know the immediate future of those in whom they are interested,
not being obliged to leave Ireland for the purpose of obtaining their
information.

Such is the wild Banshee, once to be heard in every part of Ireland, and
formerly believed in so devoutly that to express a doubt of her existence
was little less than blasphemy. Now, however, as she attends only the old
families and does not change to the new, with the disappearance of many
noble Irish names during the last half century have gone also their
Banshees, until in only a few retired districts of the west coast is the
dreaded spirit still found, while in most parts of the island she has
become only a superstition, and from the majesty of a death-boding angel,
is rapidly sinking to a level with the Fairy, the Leprechawn and the
Pooka; the subject for tales to amuse the idle and terrify the young.





THE ROUND TOWERS.


             [Illustration: Initial: "The Round Towers"]

Among the ruins spread everywhere over the island, relics of prehistoric
Ireland are common, but wonderful as are many of these monumental remains
of a people as mysterious as their own structures, none are more
remarkable than the round towers, found in almost every locality of note
either for its history or antiquities. The number of these towers was
formerly very great, but from the ravages of time, the convenience of the
structures as quarries of ready hewn stone, and intentional destruction by
intolerant or thoughtless persons, they have gradually disappeared, until,
at present, only eighty-three remain, of which seventeen are nearly
perfect, the remainder being in a more or less advanced stage of
dilapidation.

The round towers vary in height, those remaining perfect or nearly so
being from seventy to two hundred feet, and from eighty to thirty feet in
diameter at the base. The entrance is twelve to eighteen feet from the
ground, the tower being divided into stories about ten feet high, each
story lighted by a single window, the highest compartment having
invariably four lancet windows opening to the cardinal points of the
compass. The roof is conical, made of overlapping stone slabs, and a
circle of grotesquely carved heads and zigzag ornamentation is found
beneath the projecting cornice. The masonry is of hewn stone, but not the
least regularity is observable in the size or shape of the blocks, some
being very large, others small, and every figure known to the geometrician
can be found in the stones of a single tower.

All towers still standing occupy sites noted as historical, and evidence,
sufficient to warrant the belief, can be adduced to show that almost every
historic spot on Irish soil once boasted one or more of these interesting
structures. The existing towers are generally found close by the ruins of
churches, abbeys, or other ecclesiastical buildings, and the effect on the
landscape of the masses of ruins, surmounted by a single tall shaft, is
often picturesque in the extreme. The proximity of the tower to the church
is so common as to lead writers on Irish antiquities to conjecture that
the former was constructed by the monks who built the church; those
advocating the Christian origin of the round tower taking the ground that
it was built, either as a place of safe-keeping for valuable property, as
a belfry for the church, or for the purpose of providing cells for
hermits.

No one of these suppositions is tenable. In the troublous times of
Ireland, and, unhappily, it has had scarcely any other kind, the
monasteries and ecclesiastical buildings of every description were
generally spared, even by the most ruthless marauders; and, had this not
been the case, those possessing sufficient valuable property to attract
the cupidity of the lawless were far more likely to provide an
inconspicuous hiding place for their wealth than to advertise its
possession by erecting a tower which, from every direction, was invariably
the most conspicuous feature of the landscape. That the towers were not
intended for belfries is evident from the fact that, in nearly every case,
the churches close by are provided with bell-towers forming a part of the
sacred edifice, which would not be the case if the round towers had been
designed for the purpose of supporting bells. That they were not built for
hermit-cells is apparent from the fact that hermit-caves and cells are
abundant in Ireland, and, almost without exception, in secluded spots. No
doubt, from time to time, some of the round towers were adapted to each of
these uses, but, in every case, convenience was the motive, the monks and
church-builders altering the existing structure to meet a pressing
necessity. In fact, there is excellent reason for believing that the round
towers were not built by the monks at all, the monastic writers being very
fond of recording, with great particularity, what they built and how they
built it, and in no passage do they mention the construction of a round
tower. Whenever allusion is made to these structures, their existence is
taken for granted, and several church historians who mention the erection
of churches at the foot of a round tower demonstrate that this peculiar
edifice antedates the introduction of Christianity into Ireland.

The round towers are indisputably of pagan origin, and of antiquity so
great as to precede written history. There is no doubt that the early
Irish were sun and fire worshippers, and many excellent reasons may be
given for the belief that the round towers were built by the Druids for
purposes of religion.

Every tower has an extensive view to the East, so as to command an early
sight of the rising sun, the dawn being the favorite hour for celebrating
sun-worship. Every tower contains, at its base, so extraordinary a
quantity of ashes and embers as to compel the conviction that, in each, a
sacred or perpetual fire was kept burning. In every locality where a round
tower stands, there linger among the peasantry traditions pointing to a
use sacred but not Christian. Perhaps the most significant indication of
their former character as places sacred to sun and fire-worship is found
in the names by which, to the present day, they are known among the common
people. The generic Irish name for the round tower is Colcagh, fire-God;
but the proper names designating particular towers are still more
characteristic. Turaghan, the Tower of Fire; Aidhne, the Circle of Fire;
Aghadoe, the Field of Fire; Teghadoe, the Fire House; Arddoe, the Height
of Fire; Kennegh, the Chief Fire; Lusk, the Flame; Fertagh, the Burial
Fire Tower; Fertagh na Guara, the Burial Fire Tower of the Fire
Worshippers; Gall-Ti-mor, the Flame of the Great Circle; Gall-Baal, the
Flame of the Community; Baal-Tinne, the Fire of the Community, and many
similar names, retain the memory and worship of the Druids when written
records are silent or wanting.

In addition to the significance contained in the names of the towers, the
hills, mountains, or islands on which they are situated have, very
frequently, designations conveying an allusion, either to the circle, a
favorite and sacred figure in Druidical holy places, or to the sun or fire
worship. Another curious circumstance, still further identifying the round
tower with the rites of sun worship, is found in the fact that wherever
this form of religion has prevailed, it has been accompanied by well or
spring worship, and, generally, by the veneration of the ox as a sacred
animal. Most of the Irish round towers have near them springs or wells
still regarded as holy, and concerning which many tales of miraculous
cures are told, while in not a few instances there yet linger in the same
neighborhoods legends of sacred cows, usually the property of some famous
local saint or hero.

The round towers of Ireland are, in fact, a portion of a vast system of
towers of identical construction, and by following the geographical course
of these structures, the march of fire worship from the East may be
determined with some accuracy. Pass from Ireland to Brittany, and there,
in the mountainous or hilly districts, several towers are found exactly
like those of Ireland. In the north of Spain several remain; in Portugal,
one; in the south of Spain they are numerous. Opposite the Spanish coast,
in the north of Africa, there are also many, being found in various places
in Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, and Tripoli. In Sardinia, several hundred are
still standing; and written testimony to the purpose for which they were
erected is abundant among the Sardinian records. In Minorca, among many
others, is the famous Tower of Allaior. The mountain districts of south
Italy have numbers of them, and they are also found on several hills in
Sicily. Malta has the Giant's Tower, in every particular of appearance and
construction identical with the Tower of Cashel in Ireland. Cyprus has
them, and they still remain in Candia and on the coast of Asia Minor. In
Palestine none have yet been found, or at least have not been recorded by
travellers or surveyors; a fact that may, perhaps, be fully accounted for
by the zeal of the Hebrews in destroying every vestige of Canaanitish
idolatry; but, with some probability, it is conjectured that the "high
places" broken down may have been towers of the sun, for the Canaanites
were fire worshippers, and the name Baal is found alike in Palestine and
Ireland.

In Syria, north of Palestine, they begin again; are found in Armenia, and
in the Caucasus, so numerously as to crown almost every hill-top. East of
the Caspian Sea they abound, and towards the centre of Asia as far as
records of exploration and travel present reliable accounts of the
country. Returning to the shores of the Mediterranean, their existence on
the northern coast of Africa has been mentioned. In Arabia and on the
Egyptian shore of the Red Sea, they stand in considerable numbers, are
found in Persia, Afghanistan, Beloochistan, India, Ceylon, and Sumatra, in
some places being still used, it is said, for fire worship.

Throughout this vast extent of territory there is no material difference
in the shape, appearance, or construction of the round tower. In Sumatra
and Java, as in Ireland, the door is elevated, the building divided into
stories; the walls are constructed of many sided hewn stones, the upper
story is lighted by four windows looking to the cardinal points, the
cornice has the same kind of zigzag ornamentation, and the roof is
constructed in the same manner, of overlapping stones. Even the names are
nearly the same, for in India and Ireland these buildings are Fire-Towers,
Fire-Circles, or Sun-Houses.

Another bit of circumstantial evidence going to prove that the round
towers of Ireland were erected by a people having the same religion and
similar religious observances as the natives of India is seen in the
legends concerning the Indian towers. In India, the local traditions tell
how each of these towers was built in one night by some notable character
who was afterwards buried in it. In Ireland, the same legend is found; to
the present day, the peasants of the neighborhood telling with gusto the
story of the tower being first seen in the early morning, rising toward
the sky on a spot where, the evening before, no preparations for building
had been visible.

The Tower Tulloherin, for instance, was built in one night by a monk who
came to the neighborhood as a missionary. Finding the people inhospitable,
and unable to obtain lodging for the night, he determined to remain,
believing there could not be found in Ireland a locality more in need of
missionary work. So, on the evening of his arrival, he began to build, and
by morning the tower was finished, and he took up his abode in it,
preaching from its entrance to the crowds attracted by the fame of the
miracle. The story of the Tower of Aghagower is similar, save in one
particular, the saint in this case being aided by angels. Kilmackduagh was
built in one night by angels without human assistance, the work being done
at the solicitation of a saint who watched and prayed while the angels
toiled.

Ballygaddy has a history somewhat less miraculous, the local peasant
historian attributing its origin to a "giont" of the neighborhood. Having
received a belligerent message from another "giont," he took a stand on
Ballygaddy hill to watch for the coming of his antagonist, proposing, as
the humble chronicler stated, "to bate the head aff the braggin' vagabone
if he said as much as Boo." For seven days and nights he stood upon the
hill, and at the end of that time, as may readily be believed, "his legs
wor that tired he thought they'd dhrop aff him." To relieve those valuable
members he put up the tower as a support to lean on. The bellicose
gigantic party who proposed the encounter finally came to time, and lovers
of antiquities will be glad to learn that the tower-building giant "didn't
lave a whole bone in the blaggârd's ugly carkidge." After the battle, the
victor "shtarted for to kick the tower down," but, upon second thought,
concluded to put the roof on it and "lave it for a wondher to thim little
mortials that come afther him," for which consideration all honor to his
memory.

The Tower Ardpatrick was, according to tradition, built under the auspices
of Ireland's great saint, while the high tower on the Rock of Cashel is
attributed, by the same authority, to Cormac Macarthy, king and archbishop
of Cashel, who, being once engaged in hostilities with a neighboring
potentate, needed a watch-tower, so summoned all his people, built the
tower in one night, and, at sunrise, was able by its help to ascertain the
location of the opposing army and so give it an overwhelming defeat. The
Glendalough Tower was built by a demon at the command of Saint Kevin. This
saint had conspicuously routed Satan on a previous occasion; so the
arch-fiend and all the well-informed of his subjects kept at a safe
distance from Glendalough, not caring to take any risks with so doughty a
spiritual champion as Saint Kevin had proved himself to be in more than
one encounter.

"But there was wan snakin' vagabone av a divil that come from furrin parts
an' hadn't heard the news about the saint, and the blessed saint caught
him wan avenin' an' set him to work to build that tower. So the black
rogue wint at it as hard as he knew how, an' was workin' away wid all the
hands he had, as busy as a barmaid at a fair, thinkin' that afore sunrise
he'd have it so high it 'ud fall down be itself an' do the blessed saint
not a ha'porth av good. But afther batin' owld Satan himself, Saint Kevin
wasn't to be deludhered be wan av his undershtrappers, an' was watchin'
wid his two eyes every minnit o' the time, so whin the divil had the tower
high enough, he threw his bishop's cap at it, an' it become shtone an'
made the roof, so the omadhawn divil was baten at his own game."

             [Illustration: "Crackin' their Haythen Shkulls"]

The round tower is not without a touch of romance, one of the most notable
structures, Monaster-Boice, having been built by a woman under peculiar
circumstances. According to the legend, she was young, beautiful, and
good, but though she ought to have been happy also, she was not, being
persecuted by the attentions of a suitor chieftain, whose reputation must
have been far from irreproachable, since he was characterized by the
narrator of the story either as an "outprobrious ruffin," or "a
sootherin', deludherin', murtherin' villin." Loving another chief who was
a "gintleman entirely," and determined to escape from the obnoxious
attentions of the "ruffin" already mentioned, the lady, having learned
that her disagreeable suitor had resolved to carry her off, employed two
men to aid her the night before the proposed abduction, and, before
morning, built the tower and took up her abode in the topmost chamber. In
due season the chieftain came "wid a gang av thaves," but, disappointed in
his "endayvor fur to stale away her varchew," besieged the tower. Having
taken the precaution to provide a good supply of heavy stones, the lady
pelted her persecutors vigorously, "crackin' their haythen shkulls the
same as they wor egg-shells." Her heroism was rewarded by her deliverance,
for her lover, hearing of her desperate situation, came to her relief and
attacked the besiegers, so that "wid the lady flingin' shtones at the
front o' them, an' the other fellys beltin' 'em behind, they got
disconsarted as not knowin' phat to do next, an' so they up's an' runs
like as tin thousand divils wor parshooin' afther thim. So she was saved
an' brought down, an' was married to the boy av her heart the next Sunday,
Glory be to God, an' that's the way the tower come to be built, an' shows
that thim that thries to marry a lady agin her will always comes to grief,
fur av she cant bate thim wid her tongue she can some other way, fur a
woman can always get phat she's afther, an' bad luck to the lie that's in
that."





THE POLICE.


                [Illustration: Initial: "The Police"]

During the last few years, the most obviously conspicuous individual in
Ireland is the policeman. Go where you will, if the policeman is not there
before you, the reason is probably to be found in the fact that he has
just been there and will likely return before you leave. In Dublin, Cork,
Limerick, Athlone, Belfast, and other large cities and towns, the police
are seen at every corner, singly, in pairs, and in groups. Fresh-looking
police are going on duty; tired-out police are going home; clean,
well-brushed police are starting to the country on horseback, having heard
reports of rural disturbance; muddy police are coming in on jaunting-cars,
with prisoners from the nearest eviction. Everywhere you meet them; young
policemen, with fresh, rosy complexions; middle-aged policemen, with stern
faces, bearing strong evidence of Irish pugilistic talent; old policemen,
with deeply scarred and weather-beaten countenances, looking forward to
speedy retirement and a moderate pension; they are in the city, in the
village, on the high road, in the by-way, and on the mountain paths. At
every railroad station they are to be seen in pairs, observing those who
arrive and depart, and noting all that may seem suspicious in the
appearance and actions of travellers.

As long as a stranger remains on the common, well-frequented tourist
routes he escapes with a sharp glance of inspection, but let him leave the
courses usually followed by travellers, or go into parts of the country
not often visited by strangers, and he at once becomes an object of
intense suspicion. You are driving along a retired country road; at the
turn of the hill a policeman heaves in sight. He speaks pleasantly, and if
nothing arouses his suspicion, he will pass on and you see him no more;
but if the slightest distrust of you or your business finds lodgment in
his mind, he marks you as a possible victim. He temporarily vanishes; look
round as you proceed on your journey, and you may, by chance, catch a
glimpse of him a mile or two away, peeping over a wall after you, but in
the next village, where you stop for the night, he reappears, and the
local policemen, after his coming, will be sure to observe you with some
degree of attention. Leave your baggage in the public room of the inn and
step out on the street. In comes the policeman, ascertains your name,
takes a mental inventory of your effects, makes a note of the railway and
hotel labels on your trunks, and goes away to report. A sharp detective is
the policeman even in the country districts. He knows articles of American
manufacture at a glance, and needs only to see your satchel to tell
whether it came from America or was made in England. Talk with him, and he
will chat cordially about the weather, the crops, the state of the
markets, but all the time he is trying to make out who you are and what is
your business. His eyes ramble from your hat to your shoes, and by the
time the conversation is ended, he has prepared for the "sargeant" a
report of your personal appearance and apparel. "Hat, English; coat,
London-made; trousers, doubtful; shoes, American; party evidently an Irish
Yankee, who might as well be looked after."

The Irish policeman, or "consthable," as he is familiarly known on his
native sod, is the son of a peasant. Finding life as a laborer or tenant
in either case intolerable, he debated in his own mind the question
whether he should emigrate to America, enlist in the British army, or
apply for a place on the constabulary. The first step was, to him, the
most acceptable, but he lacked the money to go; of the two courses left
open, enlistment in the army was the more pleasant, since in Ireland the
constabulary are almost entirely cut off from association with the people
in a social or friendly way, a general belief prevailing that the Irishman
who enters the police has deserted the cause of his country and entered
the service of her deadliest foe. So the police are avoided by their
former companions, shunned by old friends, and, lastly, what is of some
consequence to a genuine Irishman, are given the cold shoulder by the
ladies. To be sure, the Irishman who enlists in the British army would be
treated in the same way at his old home, but as he usually leaves never to
return, the case is materially different. Chance, or the obligation of
supporting aged parents or a helpless family of young brothers and
sisters, usually determines the question, and the young Irishman enters
the constabulary, thenceforth to be a social leper, for the constable is
hated by his countrymen with a hatred that knows no bounds.

From the day he puts on his neat blue uniform and saucer-like cap, the
constable, in the troubled west coast counties, carries his life in his
hand. Every hedge he scrutinizes with a careful eye; behind it may lurk an
assassin. Every division wall is watched for suspicious indications, his
alertness being quickened by the knowledge that he is guarding his own
life. He is compelled to undertake duties obnoxious to his own feelings
and sense of justice, and to risk life and limb to carry out repugnant
orders. A bad year comes, a tenant is in arrears and cannot pay rent; the
agent determines on an eviction and sends for the police. The constables
arrive in force, but the tenant has anticipated them and collected a crowd
of friends. The hut is closed and barred, while inside are half a score of
men and women, determined to resist as long as resistance is of any avail.

                [Illustration: The Police and the Tenants]

As soon as the police appear on the scene, a babel of Irish voices ensues
and fearful curses and imprecations are hurled at all concerned in the
eviction, succeeded by showers of stones from enthusiastic outside
supporters of the cabin's defenders. The constables draw their clubs and
make a rush, striking right and left at the heads of the crowd. A
desperate battle ensues, in which the police are generally victorious,
driving the rabble to a safe distance; then, leaving a portion of the
force to keep them away, the remainder return to effect an entrance to the
hut. A beam, handled by several pairs of strong arms, speedily demolishes
the miserable pretence of a door, then in go the police, to be met with
fists, clubs, stones, showers of boiling water, and other effective and
offensive means of defence. After a stubborn contest the cabin is finally
cleared; the furniture, if there be any, is set out in the road, the
thatched roof torn off and scattered on the ground, the walls levelled,
and the police, battered with sticks and stones, scalded, burned, return
to headquarters with their prisoners. Not infrequently a policeman is
killed on one of these evictionary expeditions, the defence of his slayers
being generally grounded on the statement made in court in one instance of
this kind near Limerick. "We niver intinded fur to kill him at all, but
his shkull was too thin entirely for a consthable, an' broke wid the
batin' he was afther gettin'."

Firearms are not often used in these encounters between the police and the
populace, for such battles always take place in daylight, and although,
when an eviction promises to be of more than usual danger, the police
carry rifles, strict orders are given not to use them save in dire
extremity, and a policeman will be beaten almost to death without
resorting to the use of his gun. On ordinary day-duty the police carry
only a short club or revolver, hidden under the coat; but at night, the
country constables are armed with rifle and bayonet, and patrol the roads
in pairs, one walking on each side and as close as possible to the hedge
or wall.

But in spite of the extraordinary difficulties and unceasing dangers of
his work the constable does his duty with scrupulous exactness, and
instances of treachery to the government among the Irish constabulary are
extremely rare. Indeed, service in the constabulary is much sought for,
and there are always more applicants than vacancies. The physical standard
is so high that the police are the picked men of the country, while the
average grade of intelligence among them is better than among the
peasantry from whose ranks they have come.

Ready as they are to go cheerfully on any service, however laborious or
perilous, there is one task which the constabulary of the west coast hold
in mortal detestation, and that is, an expedition into the mountains to
seize illicit stills and arrest distillers of poteen. Such an enterprise
means days and nights of toilsome climbing, watching, waiting, and spying;
often without result, and generally with a strong probability that when
the spot where the still has been is surrounded, the police thinking they
have the law breakers in a trap, the latter take the alarm, escape by some
unknown path, leaving nothing but "the pot and the smell" as reminiscences
of their presence and employment. The disappointing nature of the duty is
thus one good reason for the dislike felt for it by the constables, but
another is found in the unusual degree of peril attending it, for in the
mountains of Donegal, Mayo, Galway, Clare, and Kerry, the distillers
generally own firearms, know how to use them, and feel no more compunction
for shooting a policeman than for killing a dog. The extremely rugged
character of the Mayo mountains, in particular, offers many opportunities
for the outlaws to practise their craft in safety and secrecy, for, the
whole neighborhood being on the lookout for the enemy, there are always
friends to give the alarm. To hide the still in the ground or in a
convenient cave is the work of very few minutes, after which the
distillers are quite at leisure and turn their attention to shooting at
the police, a job attended with so little risk to themselves and so much
discomfort to the constables that the latter frequently give up the chase
on very slight provocation.

Near Lake Derryclare, in the Connemara district of Galway, and almost
under the shadow of the Twelve Pins, there stands by the wayside a small
rude monument of uncut stones, a mere heap, surmounted by a rough wooden
cross. Such stone heaps as this are common on the west coast, and
originate in the custom of making a family memorial, each member of the
family, or, in some cases, each friend attending the funeral, contributing
a stone to the rude monument. In some neighborhoods, every relative and
friend casts a stone on the common pile whenever he passes the spot, so
the heap is constantly growing. This particular monument in Connemara does
not differ in any important respect from many others, but before it, in
the summer of 1886, there knelt, all day long, an old peasant woman. Every
morning she came from a hut in the glen near by and spent every hour of
daylight in prayer before the wooden cross. It seemed to matter little to
her whether it rained or the sun shone; in sunshine, the hood of her
tattered cloak was thrown back and her white hair exposed, while the rain
compelled her to draw the hood forward, but rain or shine she was always
there, her lips silently moving as the beads slipped through her withered
fingers, nor could any question divert her attention from her devotions.
She never looked up, never took the slightest notice of remarks addressed
to her, nor was she ever heard to speak aloud. Once a week provisions were
sent to her house from the nearest police station; they were left within,
and those who brought them went their way, for she gave them no word of
thanks, no look of gratitude; nor, for many years, had the constables sent
with the allowance made her by the government ventured to compel her to
speak to them.

Her story was told by a Sergeant of Police, and formed a painful
illustration of the poteen trade in the mountains. In the year 1850, while
the country was still suffering from the effects of the "starving time,"
she lived with her husband, Michael O'Malley, and four sons, on a little
farm near Lake Derryclare. Year after year had the crops failed, but the
little family held together, faring, or rather starving, alike. In the
year mentioned, although the country in general was beginning to recover
from the famine, this part of Connemara was still stricken, and the crop
seemed likely again to fail. Starvation stared the hapless family in the
face. The boys were well grown lads, accustomed to the hard life of
peasants, and willing to work if any could be found. All four left home,
the eldest going to Galway, the other three to the sea-shore, where they
found temporary employment in the fisheries. While so engaged, they
learned the secrets of the illicit distiller, and having, in course of
time, managed to procure a small still, they returned home with it, and as
the cabin was in a secluded quarter of a little frequented district, they
persuaded the old man to engage in the enterprise with them. The risk of
detection appeared so small, especially when compared with the profits,
that against the prayers and entreaties of the woman, the still was set up
in a retired spot near by and the manufacture of the poteen begun in as
large quantities as their limited resources would allow. A number of years
passed, and, as their product found a ready sale in the neighborhood, the
O'Malleys prospered as they had never done before, the boys married, and
families grew around them.

The eldest brother, John O'Malley, having gone to Galway, succeeded, by
what he considered a great stroke of good fortune, in obtaining a place on
the constabulary. The family at home knew nothing of him, nor had he
communicated with them, for directly after his enlistment he was sent to
the County Wexford on the opposite side of the island, and completely lost
sight of his old home. Proving intelligent and capable, he was promoted,
made a sergeant, and ordered to the County Galway. Immediately upon his
arrival at his new post, a small village in Connemara, intelligence was
brought of illicit distilling near the Twelve Pins, and O'Malley was
ordered to proceed with a strong party of police to seize the still, and,
if possible, arrest the criminals. The names of the offenders were not
given, but the location of the glen where operations were carried on was
described with such exactness that O'Malley, who knew every foot of ground
in the vicinity, laid such plans as to render escape by the distillers a
practical impossibility.  Before dark one evening a party of twelve
mounted constables armed with rifles started from Maume, at the head of
Lough Corrib, travelled all night, and by morning Sergeant O'Malley had so
posted his men round the glen that the arrest of the distillers was
apparently a certainty. In the early dawn, before objects could be
distinctly seen, several men were observed going into the glen, and, at a
given signal, the police closed in on the little shanty where the still
was in operation. A desperate fight ensued, and Sergeant O'Malley was shot
dead by one of his brothers without knowing whose hand pointed the weapon.
Two of the O'Malleys were killed by the police bullets, and a constable
was mortally wounded. Michael and his remaining son were taken alive,
afterwards tried for murder, when for the first time they learned that the
dead Sergeant was their relative. Both were hanged, the singular
circumstances of the crime for which they suffered attracting wide
attention.

Mrs. O'Malley thus beheld herself, at a single blow, deprived of husband
and four sons. For a time she was wildly demented, but the violence passed
away, and as her clouded brain became calm, it was occupied by one idea,
to the exclusion of all others,--prayer for the repose of her dead. The
body of the Sergeant was buried near Maume, but O'Malley and his three
sons were buried together under the cairn in a long disused churchyard
through which the road passed, a churchyard like thousands more in
Ireland, where the grave-stones are hidden by the nettles and weeds.
Thither, with a love stronger than death, goes the poor old woman every
day, and, untiring in her devotion, spends her life reciting the prayers
for the dead.

       [Illustration: "Thither goes the poor old women every day"]





THE LEPRECHAWN.


              [Illustration: Initial: "The Leprechawn"]

Every mythology has its good and evil spirits which are objects of
adoration and subjects of terror, and often both classes are worshipped
from opposite motives; the good, that the worshipper may receive benefit;
the evil, that he may escape harm. Sometimes good deities are so
benevolent that they are neglected, superstitious fear directing all
devotion towards the evil spirits to propitiate them and avert the
calamities they are ever ready to bring upon the human race; sometimes the
malevolent deities have so little power that the prayer of the pious is
offered up to the good spirits that they may pour out still further
favors, for man is a worshipping being, and will prostrate himself with
equal fervor before the altar whether the deity be good or bad.

Midway, however, between the good and evil beings of all mythologies there
is often one whose qualities are mixed; not wholly good nor entirely evil,
but balanced between the two, sometimes doing a generous action, then
descending to a petty meanness, but never rising to nobility of character
nor sinking to the depths of depravity; good from whim, and mischievous
from caprice.

Such a being is the Leprechawn of Ireland, a relic of the pagan mythology
of that country. By birth the Leprechawn is of low descent, his father
being an evil spirit and his mother a degenerate fairy; by nature he is a
mischief-maker, the Puck of the Emerald Isle. He is of diminutive size,
about three feet high, and is dressed in a little red jacket or
roundabout, with red breeches buckled at the knee, gray or black
stockings, and a hat, cocked in the style of a century ago, over a little,
old, withered face. Round his neck is an Elizabethan ruff, and frills of
lace are at his wrists. On the wild west coast, where the Atlantic winds
bring almost constant rains, he dispenses with ruff and frills and wears a
frieze overcoat over his pretty red suit, so that, unless on the lookout
for the cocked hat, "ye might pass a Leprechawn on the road and never know
it's himself that's in it at all."

In Clare and Galway, the favorite amusement of the Leprechawn is riding a
sheep or goat, or even a dog, when the other animals are not available,
and if the sheep look weary in the morning or the dog is muddy and worn
out with fatigue, the peasant understands that the local Leprechawn has
been going on some errand that lay at a greater distance than he cared to
travel on foot. Aside from riding the sheep and dogs almost to death, the
Leprechawn is credited with much small mischief about the house. Sometimes
he will make the pot boil over and put out the fire, then again he will
make it impossible for the pot to boil at all. He will steal the
bacon-flitch, or empty the potato-kish, or fling the baby down on the
floor, or occasionally will throw the few poor articles of furniture about
the room with a strength and vigor altogether disproportioned to his
diminutive size. But his mischievous pranks seldom go further than to
drink up all the milk or despoil the proprietor's bottle of its poteen,
sometimes, in sportiveness, filling the bottle with water, or, when very
angry, leading the fire up to the thatch, and then startling the in-mates
of the cabin with his laugh as they rise, frightened, to put out the
flames.

To offset these troublesome attributes, the Leprechawn is very domestic,
and sometimes attaches himself to a family, always of the "rale owld
shtock," accompanying its representatives from the castle to the cabin and
never deserting them unless driven away by some act of insolence or
negligence, "for, though he likes good atin', he wants phat he gets to
come wid an open hand, an' 'ud laver take the half av a pratee that's
freely given than the whole av a quail that's begrudged him." But what he
eats must be specially intended for him, an instance being cited by a
Clare peasant of a Leprechawn that deserted an Irish family, because, on
one occasion, the dog having left a portion of his food, it was set by for
the Leprechawn. "Jakers, 't was as mad as a little wasp he was, an' all
that night they heard him workin' away in the cellar as busy as a nailer,
an' a sound like a catheract av wather goin' widout saycin'. In the
mornin' they wint to see phat he'd been at, but he was gone, an' whin they
come to thry for the wine, bad loock to the dhrop he'd left, but all was
gone from ivery cask an' bottle, and they were filled wid say-wather,
beways av rayvinge o' phat they done him."

In different country districts the Leprechawn has different names. In the
northern counties he is the Logheryman; in Tipperary, he is the
Lurigadawne; in Kerry, the Luricawne; in Monaghan, the Cluricawne. The
dress also varies. The Logheryman wears the uniform of some British
infantry regiments, a red coat and white breeches, but instead of a cap,
he wears a broad-brimmed, high, pointed hat, and after doing some trick
more than usually mischievous, his favorite position is to poise himself
on the extreme point of his hat, standing at the top of a wall or on a
house, feet in the air, then laugh heartily and disappear. The Lurigadawne
wears an antique slashed jacket of red, with peaks all round and a jockey
cap, also sporting a sword, which he uses as a magic wand. The Luricawne
is a fat, pursy little fellow whose jolly round face rivals in redness the
cut-a-way jacket he wears, that always has seven rows of seven buttons in
each row, though what use they are has never been determined, since his
jacket is never buttoned, nor, indeed, can it be, but falls away from a
shirt invariably white as the snow. When in full dress he wears a helmet
several sizes too large for him, but, in general, prudently discards this
article of headgear as having a tendency to render him conspicuous in a
country where helmets are obsolete, and wraps his head in a handkerchief
that he ties over his ears.

The Cluricawne of Monaghan is a little dandy, being gorgeously arrayed in
a swallow-tailed evening coat of red with green vest, white breeches,
black stockings, and shoes that "fur the shine av 'em 'ud shame a
lookin'-glass." His hat is a long cone without a brim, and is usually set
jauntily on one side of his curly head. When greatly provoked, he will
sometimes take vengeance by suddenly ducking and poking the sharp point of
his hat into the eye of the offender. Such conduct is, however,
exceptional, as he commonly contents himself with soundly abusing those at
whom he has taken offence, the objects of his anger hearing his voice but
seeing nothing of his person.

One of the most marked peculiarities of the Leprechawn family is their
intense hatred of schools and schoolmasters, arising, perhaps, from the
ridicule of them by teachers, who affect to disbelieve in the existence of
the Leprechawn and thus insult him, for "it's very well beknownst, that
onless ye belave in him an' thrate him well, he'll lave an' come back no
more." He does not even like to remain in the neighborhood where a
national school has been established, and as such schools are now numerous
in Ireland, the Leprechawns are becoming scarce. "Wan gineration of
taichers is enough for thim, bekase the families where the little fellys
live forgit to set thim out the bit an' sup, an' so they lave." The few
that remain must have a hard time keeping soul and body together for
nowhere do they now receive any attention at meal-times, nor is the
anxiety to see one by any means so great as in the childhood of men still
living. Then, to catch a Leprechawn was certain fortune to him who had the
wit to hold the mischief-maker a captive until demands for wealth were
complied with.

"Mind ye," said a Kerry peasant, "the onliest time ye can ketch the little
vagabone is whin he's settin' down, an' he niver sets down axceptin' whin
his brogues want mendin'. He runs about so much he wears thim out, an'
whin he feels his feet on the ground, down he sets undher a hidge or
behind a wall, or in the grass, an' takes thim aff an' mends thim. Thin
comes you by, as quiet as a cat an' sees him there, that ye can aisily, be
his red coat, an' you shlippin' up on him, catches him in yer arrums.

"'Give up yer goold,' says you.

"'Begob, I've no goold,' says he.

"'Then outs wid yer magic purse,' says you.

"But it's like pullin' a hat full av taith to get aither purse or goold av
him. He's got goold be the ton, an' can tell ye where ye can put yer
finger on it, but he wont, till ye make him, an' that ye must do be no
aisey manes. Some cuts aff his wind be chokin' him, an' some bates him,
but don't for the life o' ye take yer eyes aff him, fur if ye do, he's aff
like a flash an' the same man niver sees him agin, an' that's how it was
wid Michael O'Dougherty.

"He was afther lookin' for wan nigh a year, fur he wanted to get married
an' hadn't anny money, so he thought the aisiest was to ketch a Luricawne.
So he was lookin' an' watchin' an' the fellys makin' fun av him all the
time. Wan night he was comin' back afore day from a wake he'd been at, an'
on the way home he laid undher the hidge an' shlept awhile, thin riz an'
walked on. So as he was walkin', he seen a Luricawne in the grass be the
road a-mendin' his brogues. So he shlipped up an' got him fast enough, an'
thin made him tell him where was his goold. The Luricawne tuk him to nigh
the place in the break o' the hills an' was goin' fur to show him, when
all at wanst Mike heard the most outprobrious scraich over the head av him
that 'ud make the hairs av ye shtand up like a mad cat's tail.

"'The saints defind me,' says he, 'phat's that?' an' he looked up from the
Luricawne that he was carryin' in his arrums. That minnit the little
attomy wint out av his sight, fur he looked away from it an' it was gone,
but he heard it laugh when it wint an' he niver got the goold but died
poor, as me father knows, an' he a boy when it happened."

Although the Leprechawns are skilful in evading curious eyes, and, when
taken, are shrewd in escaping from their captors, their tricks are
sometimes all in vain, and after resorting to every device in their power,
they are occasionally compelled to yield up their hidden stores, one
instance of which was narrated by a Galway peasant.

"It was Paddy Donnelly av Connemara. He was always hard at work as far as
anny wan seen, an' bad luck to the day he'd miss, barrin' Sundays. When
all 'ud go to the fair, sorra a fut he'd shtir to go near it, no more did
a dhrop av dhrink crass his lips. When they'd ax him why he didn't take
divarshun, he'd laugh an' tell thim his field was divarshun enough fur
him, an' by an' by he got rich, so they knewn that when they were at the
fair or wakes or shports, it was lookin' fur a Leprechawn he was an' not
workin', an' he got wan too, fur how else cud he get rich at all."

And so it must have been, in spite of the denials of Paddy Donnelly,
though, to do him justice, he stoutly affirmed that his small property was
acquired by industry, economy, and temperance. But according to the
opinions of his neighbors, "bad scran to him 't was as greedy as a pig he
was, fur he knewn where the goold was, an' wanted it all fur himself, an'
so lied about it like the Leprechawns, that's known to be the biggest
liars in the world."

The Leprechawn is an old bachelor elf who successfully resists all efforts
of scheming fairy mammas to marry him to young and beautiful fairies,
persisting in single blessedness even in exile from his kind, being driven
off as a punishment for his heterodoxy on matrimonial subjects. This is
one explanation of the fact that Leprechawns are always seen alone, though
other authorities make the Leprechawn solitary by preference, he having
learned the hollowness of fairy friendship and the deceitfulness of fairy
femininity, and left the society of his kind in disgust at its lack of
sincerity.

It must be admitted that the latter explanation seems the more reasonable,
since whenever the Leprechawn has been captured and forced to engage in
conversation with his captor he displayed conversational powers that
showed an ability to please, and as woman kind, even among fairy circles,
are, according to an Irish proverb, "aisily caught be an oily tongue," the
presumption is against the expulsion of the Leprechawn and in favor of his
voluntary retirement.

        [Illustration: Returning the next morning with the spade]

However this may be, one thing is certain to the minds of all wise women
and fairy-men, that he is the "thrickiest little divil that iver wore a
brogue," whereof abundant proof is given. There was Tim O'Donovan, of
Kerry, who captured a Leprechawn and forced him to disclose the spot where
the "pot o' goold" was concealed. Tim was going to make the little rogue
dig up the money for him, but, on the Leprechawn advancing the plea that
he had no spade, released him, marking the spot by driving a stick into
the ground and placing his hat on it. Returning the next morning with a
spade, the spot pointed out by the "little ottomy av a desaver" being in
the centre of a large bog, he found, to his unutterable disgust, that the
Leprechawn was too smart for him, for in every direction innumerable
sticks rose out of the bog, each bearing aloft an old "caubeen" so closely
resembling his own that poor Tim, after long search, was forced to admit
himself baffled and give up the gold that, on the evening before, had been
fairly within his grasp, if "he'd only had the brains in his shkull to
make the Leprechawn dig it for him, shpade or no shpade."

Even when caught, therefore, the captor must outwit the captive, and the
wily little rascal, having a thousand devices, generally gets away without
giving up a penny, and sometimes succeeds in bringing the eager
fortune-hunter to grief, a notable instance of which was the case of
Dennis O'Bryan, of Tipperary, as narrated by an old woman of Crusheen.

"It's well beknownst that the Leprechawn has a purse that's got the
charmed shillin'. Only wan shillin', but the wondher av the purse is this:
No matther how often ye take out a shillin' from it, the purse is niver
empty at all, but whin ye put yer finger in agin, ye always find wan
there, fur the purse fills up when ye take wan from it, so ye may shtand
all day countin' out the shillin's an' they comin', that's a thrick av the
good peoples an' be magic.

"Now Dinnis was a young blaggârd that was always afther peepin' about
undher the hidge fur to ketch a Leprechawn, though they do say that thim
that doesn't sarch afther thim sees thim oftener than thim that does, but
Dinnis made his mind up that if there was wan in the counthry, he'd have
him, fur he hated work worse than sin, an' did be settin' in a shebeen day
in an' out till you'd think he'd grow on the sate. So wan day he was
comin' home, an' he seen something red over in the corner o' the field,
an' in he goes, as quiet as a mouse, an' up on the Leprechawn an' grips
him be the collar an' down's him on the ground.

"'Arrah, now, ye ugly little vagabone,' says he, 'I've got ye at last. Now
give up yer goold, or by jakers I'll choke the life out av yer
pin-squazin' carkidge, ye owld cobbler, ye,' says he, shakin' him fit to
make his head dhrop aff.

"The Leprechawn begged, and scritched, an' cried, an' said he wasn't a
rale Leprechawn that was in it, but a young wan that hadn't anny goold,
but Dinnis wouldn't let go av him, an' at last the Leprechawn said he'd
take him to the pot ov goold that was hid be the say, in a glen in Clare.
Dinnis didn't want to go so far, bein' afeared the Leprechawn 'ud get
away, an' he thought the divilish baste was afther lyin' to him, bekase he
knewn there was goold closter than that, an' so he was chokin' him that
his eyes stood out till ye cud knock 'em aff wid a shtick, an' the
Leprechawn axed him would he lave go if he'd give him the magic purse.
Dinnis thought he'd betther do it, fur he was mortially afeared the
oudacious little villin 'ud do him some thrick an' get away, so he tuk the
purse, afther lookin' at it to make sure it was red shilk, an' had the
shillin' in it, but the minnit he tuk his two eyes aff the Leprechawn,
away wint the rogue wid a laugh that Dinnis didn't like at all.

"But he was feelin' very comfortable be razon av gettin' the purse, an'
says to himself, 'Begorra, 'tis mesilf that'll ate the full av me
waistband fur wan time, an' dhrink till a stame-ingine can't squaze wan
dhrop more down me neck,' says he, and aff he goes like a quarther-horse
fur Miss Clooney's sheebeen, that's where he used fur to go. In he goes,
an' there was Paddy Grogan, an' Tim O'Donovan, an' Mike Conathey, an'
Bryan Flaherty, an' a shtring more av 'em settin' on the table, an' he
pulls up a sate an' down he sets, a-callin' to Miss Clooney to bring her
best.

"'Where's yer money?' says she to him, fur he didn't use to have none
barrin' a tuppence or so.

"'Do you have no fear,' says he, 'fur the money,' says he, 'ye
pinny-schrapin' owld shkeleton,' this was beways av a shot at her, fur it
was the size av a load o' hay she was, an' weighed a ton. 'Do you bring
yer best,' says he. 'I'm a gintleman av forchune, bad loock to the job o'
work I'll do till the life laves me. Come, jintlemin, dhrink at my
axpinse.' An' so they did an' more than wanst, an' afther four or five
guns apace, Dinnis ordhered dinner fur thim all, but Miss Clooney towld
him sorra the bit or sup more 'ud crass the lips av him till he paid fur
that he had. So out he pulls the magic purse fur to pay, an' to show it
thim an' towld thim phat it was an' where he got it.

"'And was it the Leprechawn gev it ye?' says they.

"'It was,' says Dinnis, 'an' the varchew av this purse is sich, that if ye
take shillin's out av it be the handful all day long, they'll be comin' in
a shtrame like whishkey out av a jug,' says he, pullin' out wan.

"And thin, me jewel, he put in his fingers afther another, but it wasn't
there, for the Leprechawn made a ijit av him, an' instid o' givin' him the
right purse, gev him wan just like it, so as onless ye looked clost, ye
cudn't make out the differ betune thim. But the face on Dinnis was a holy
show when he seen the Leprechawn had done him, an' he wid only a shillin',
an' half a crown av dhrink down the troats av thim.

"'To the divil wid you an' yer Leprechawns, an' purses, an' magic
shillin's,' schreamed Miss Clooney, belavin', an' small blame to her
that's, that it was lyin' to her he was. 'Ye're a thafe, so ye are,
dhrinkin' up me dhrink, wid a lie on yer lips about the purse, an'
insultin' me into the bargain,' says she, thinkin' how he called her a
shkeleton, an' her a load fur a waggin. 'Yer impidince bates owld Nick, so
it does,' says she; so she up an' hits him a power av a crack on the head
wid a bottle; an' the other felly's, a-thinkin' sure that it was a lie he
was afther tellin' them, an' he laving thim to pay fur the dhrink he'd
had, got on him an' belted him out av the face till it was nigh onto dead
he was. Then a consthable comes along an' hears the phillaloo they did be
makin' an' comes in.

"'Tatther an' agers,' says he, 'lave aff. I command the pace. Phat's the
matther here?'

"So they towld him an' he consayved that Dinnis shtole the purse an' tuk
him be the collar.

"'Lave go,' says Dinnis. 'Sure phat's the harrum o' getting the purse av a
Leprechawn?'

"'None at all,' says the polisman, 'av ye projuice the Leprechawn an' make
him teshtify he gev it ye an' that ye haven't been burglarious an'
sarcumvinted another man's money,' says he.

"But Dinnis cudn't do it, so the cunsthable tumbled him into the jail.
From that he wint to coort an' got thirty days at hard labor, that he
niver done in his life afore, an' afther he got out, he said he'd left
lookin' for Leprechawns, fur they were too shmart fur him entirely, an'
it's thrue fur him, bekase I belave they were."

                   [Illustration: "Playing his pranks"]





THE HENPECKED GIANT.


            [Illustration: Initial: "The Henpecked Giant"]

No locality of Ireland is fuller of strange bits of fanciful legend than
the neighborhood of the Giant's Causeway. For miles along the coast the
geological strata resemble that of the Causeway, and the gradual
disintegration of the stone has wrought many peculiar and picturesque
effects among the basaltic pillars, while each natural novelty has woven
round it a tissue of traditions and legends, some appropriate, others
forced, others ridiculous misapplications of commonplace tales. Here, a
long straight row of columns is known as the "Giant's Organ," and
tradition pictures the scene when the giants of old, with their gigantic
families, sat on the Causeway and listened to the music; there, a group of
isolated pillars is called the "Giant's Chimneys," since they once
furnished an exit for the smoke of the gigantic kitchen. A solitary
pillar, surrounded by the crumbling remains of others, bears a distant
resemblance to a seated female figure, the "Giant's Bride," who slew her
husband and attempted to flee, but was overtaken by the power of a
magician, who changed her into stone as she was seated by the shore,
waiting for the boat that was to carry her away. Further on, a cluster of
columns forms the "Giant's Pulpit," where a presumably outspoken gigantic
preacher denounced the sins of a gigantic audience. The Causeway itself,
according to legend, formerly extended to Scotland, being originally
constructed by Finn Maccool and his friends, this notable giant having
invited Benandoner, a Scotch giant of much celebrity, to come over and
fight him. The invitation was accepted, and Maccool, out of politeness,
built the Causeway the whole distance, the big Scotchman thus walking over
dryshod to receive his beating.

Some distance from the mainland is found the Ladies' Wishing Chair,
composed of blocks in the Great Causeway, wishes made while seated here
being certain of realization. To the west of the Wishing Chair a solitary
pillar rises from the sea, the "Gray Man's Love." Look to the mainland,
and the mountain presents a deep, narrow cleft, with perpendicular sides,
the "Gray Man's Path." Out in the sea, but unfortunately not often in
sight, is the "Gray Man's Isle," at present inhabited only by the Gray Man
himself. As the island, however, appears but once in seventeen years, and
the Gray Man is never seen save on the eve of some awful calamity,
visitors to the Causeway have a very slight chance of seeing either island
or man. There can be no doubt though of the existence of both, for
everybody knows he was one of the greatest of the giants during his
natural lifetime, nor could any better evidence be asked than the facts
that his sweet-heart, turned into stone, still stands in sight of the
Causeway; the precipice, from which she flung herself into the sea, is
still known by the name of the "Lovers' Leap;" and the path he made
through the mountain is still used by him when he leaves his island and
comes on shore.

It is not surprising that so important a personage as the Gray Man should
be the central figure of many legends, and indeed over him the
story-makers seem to have had vigorous competition, for thirty or forty
narratives are current in the neighborhood concerning him and the
principal events of his life. So great a collection of legendary lore on
one topic rendered the choice of a single tradition which should fairly
cover the subject a matter of no little difficulty. As sometimes happens
in grave undertakings, the issue was determined by accident. A chance boat
excursion led to the acquaintance of Mr. Barney O'Toole, a fisherman, and
conversation developed the fact that this gentleman was thoroughly posted
in the local legends, and was also the possessor of a critical faculty
which enabled him to differentiate between the probable and the
improbable, and thus to settle the historical value of a tradition. In his
way, he was also a philosopher, having evidently given much thought to
social issues, and expressing his conclusions thereupon with the ease and
freedom of a master mind.

Upon being informed of the variety and amount of legendary material
collected about the Gray Man and his doings, Barney unhesitatingly
pronounced the entire assortment worthless, and condemned all the gathered
treasures as the creations of petty intellects, which could not get out of
the beaten track, but sought in the supernatural a reason for and
explanation of every fact that seemed at variance with the routine of
daily experience. In his opinion, the Gray Man is never seen at all in our
day and generation, having been gathered to his fathers ages ago; nor is
there any enchanted island; to use his own language, "all thim shtories
bein' made be thim blaggârd guides that set up av a night shtringin' out
laigends for to enthertain the quol'ty."

"Now, av yer Anner wants to hear it, I can tell ye the thrue shtory av the
Gray Man, no more is there anny thing wondherful in it, but it's just as I
had it from me grandfather, that towld it to the childher for to entertain
thim.

"It's very well beknownst that in thim owld days there were gionts in
plinty hereabouts, but they didn't make the Causeway at all, for that's a
work o' nacher, axceptin' the Gray Man's Path, that I'm goin' to tell ye
av. But ivery wan knows that there were gionts, bekase if there wasn't,
how cud we know o' thim at all, but wan thing's sartain, they were just
like us, axceptin' in the matther o' size, for wan ov thim 'ud make a
dozen like the men that live now.

"Among the gionts that lived about the Causeway there was wan, a young
giont named Finn O'Goolighan, that was the biggest av his kind, an' none
o' thim cud hide in a kish. So Finn, for the size av him, was a livin'
terror. His little finger was the size av yer Anner's arrum, an' his wrist
as big as yer leg, an' so he wint, bigger an' bigger. Whin he walked he
carried an oak-tree for a shtick, ye cud crawl into wan av his shoes, an'
his caubeen 'ud cover a boat. But he was a good-humored young felly wid a
laugh that 'ud deefen ye, an' a plazin' word for all he met, so as if ye
run acrass him in the road, he'd give ye 'good morrow kindly,' so as ye'd
feel the betther av it all day. He'd work an' he'd play an' do aither wid
all the might that was in him. Av a week day you'd see him in the field or
on the shore from sun to sun as busy as a hen wid a dozen chicks; an' av a
fair-day or av a Sunday, there he'd be, palatherin' at the girls, an'
dancin' jigs that he done wid extrame nateness, or havin' a bout wid a
shtick on some other felly's head, an' indade, at that he was so clever
that it was a delight for to see him, for he'd crack a giont's shkull that
was as hard as a pot wid wan blow an' all the pleasure in life. So he got
to be four or five an' twinty an' not his betther in the County Antrim.

"Wan fine day, his father, Bryan O'Goolighan, that was as big a giont as
himself, says to him, says he, 'Finn, me Laddybuck, I'm thinkin' ye'll
want to be gettin' marr'd.'

"'Not me,' says Finn.

"'An' why not?' says his father.

"'I've no consate av it,' says Finn.

"'Ye'd be the betther av it,' says his father.

"'Faix, I'm not sure o' that,' says Finn; 'gettin' marr'd is like turnin'
a corner, ye don't know phat ye're goin' to see,' says he.

"'Thrue for ye,' says owld Bryan, for he'd had axpayrience himself, 'but
if ye'd a purty woman to make the stirabout for ye av a mornin' wid her
own white hands, an' to watch out o' the dure for ye in the avenin,' an'
put on a sod o' turf whin she sees ye comin', ye'd be a betther man,' says
he.

"'Bedad, it's not aisey for to conthravene that same,' says Finn, 'barrin'
I mightn't git wan like that. Wimmin is like angels,' says he. 'There's
two kinds av 'em, an' the wan that shmiles like a dhrame o' heaven afore
she's marr'd, is the wan that gits to be a tarin' divil afther her
market's made an' she's got a husband.'

"Ye see Finn was a mighty smart young felly, if he was a giont, but his
father didn't give up hope av gettin' him marr'd, for owld folks that's
been through a dale o' throuble that-a-way always thries to get the young
wans into the same thrap, beways, says they, av taichin' thim to larn
something. But Bryan was a wise owld giont, an' knewn, as the Bible says,
there's time enough for all things. So he quit him, an' that night he
spake wid the owld woman an' left it wid her, as knowin' that whin it's a
matther o' marryin', a woman is more knowledgable an' can do more to bring
on that sort o' mis'ry in wan day than a man can in all the years God
gives him.

"Now, in ordher that ye see the pint, I'm undher the need-cessity av
axplainin' to yer Anner that Finn didn't be no manes have the hathred at
wimmin that he purtinded, for indade he liked thim purty well, but he
thought he undhershtood thim well enough to know that the more ye talk
swate to thim, the more they don't like it, barrin' they're fools, that
sometimes happens. So whin he talked wid 'em or about thim, he spake o'
thim shuperskillious, lettin' on to despize the lasht wan o' thim, that
was a takin' way he had, for wimmin love thimselves a dale betther than
ye'd think, unless yer Anner's marr'd an' knows, an' that Finn knew, so he
always said o' thim the manest things he cud get out av his head, an' that
made thim think av him, that was phat he wanted. They purtinded to hate
him for it, but he didn't mind that, for he knewn it was only talk, an'
there wasn't wan o' thim that wouldn't give the lasht tooth out av her jaw
to have him for a husband.

"Well, as I was sayin', afther owld Bryan give Finn up, his mother tuk him
in hand, throwin' a hint at him wanst in a while, sighin' to him how glad
she'd be to have a young lady giont for a dawther, an' dhroppin' a word
about phat an iligant girl Burthey O'Ghallaghy was, that was the dawther
av wan o' the naburs, that she got Finn, unbeknownst to himself, to be
thinkin' about Burthey. She was a fine young lady giont, about tin feet
high, as broad as a cassel dure, but she was good size for Finn, as ye
know be phat I said av him. So when Finn's mother see him takin' her home
from church afther benediction, an' the nabers towld her how they obsarved
him lanin' on O'Ghallaghy's wall an' Burthey lightin' his pipe wid a coal,
she thought to herself, 'fair an' aisey goes far in a day,' an' made her
mind up that Finn 'ud marry Burthey. An' so, belike, he'd a' done, if he
hadn't gone over, wan onlucky day, to the village beyant, where the common
people like you an' me lived.

"When he got there, in he wint to the inn to get him his dhrink, for it's
a mishtake to think that thim gionts were all blood-suckin' blaggârds as
the Causeway guides say, but, barrin' they were in dhrink, were as
paceable as rabbits. So when Finn wint in, he says, 'God save ye,' to thim
settin', an' gev the table a big crack wid his shillaylah as for to say he
wanted his glass. But instead o' the owld granny that used for to fetch
him his potheen, out shteps a nate little woman wid hair an' eyes as black
as a crow an' two lips on her as red as a cherry an' a quick sharp way
like a cat in a hurry.

"'An' who are you, me Dear?' says Finn, lookin' up.

"'I'm the new barmaid, Sorr, av it's plazin' to ye,' says she, makin' a
curchey, an' lookin' shtrait in his face.

"'It is plazin',' says Finn. ''Tis I that's glad to be sarved be wan like
you. Only,' says he, 'I know be the look o' yer eye ye 've a timper.'

"'Dade I have,' says she, talkin' back at him, 'an' ye'd betther not wake
it.'

"Finn had more to say an' so did she, that I won't throuble yer Anner wid,
but when he got his fill av dhrink an' said all he'd in his head, an' she
kep' aven wid him at ivery pint, he wint away mightily plazed. The next
Sunday but wan he was back agin, an' the Sunday afther, an' afther that
agin. By an' by, he'd come over in the avenin' afther the work was done,
an' lane on the bar or set on the table, talkin' wid the barmaid, for she
was as sharp as a thornbush, an' sorra a word Finn 'ud say to her in
impidince or anny other way, but she'd give him his answer afore he cud
get his mouth shut.

"Now, be this time, Finn's mother had made up her mind that Finn 'ud marry
Burthey, an' so she sent for the match-maker, an' they talked it all over,
an' Finn's father seen Burthey's father, an' they settled phat Burthey 'ud
get an' phat Finn was to have, an' were come to an agraymint about the
match, onbeknownst to Finn, bekase it was in thim days like it is now, the
matches bein' made be the owld people, an' all the young wans did was to
go an' be marr'd an' make the best av it. Afther all, maybe that's as good
a way as anny, for whin ye've got all the throuble on yer back ye can
stagger undher, there's not a haporth o' differ whether ye got undher it
yerself or whether it was put on ye, an' so it is wid gettin' marr'd, at
laste so I'm towld.

"Annyhow, Finn's mother was busy wid preparin' for the weddin' whin she
heard how Finn was afther puttin' in his time at the village.

"'Sure that won't do,' she says to herself; 'he ought to know betther than
to be spendin' ivery rap he's got in dhrink an' gostherin' at that
black-eyed huzzy, an' he to be marr'd to the best girl in the county.' So
that night, when Finn come in, she spake fair an' soft to him that he'd
give up goin' to the inn, an' get ready for to be marr'd at wanst. An'
that did well enough till she got to the marryin', when Finn riz up aff
his sate, an' shut his taith so hard he bruk his pipestem to smithereens.

"'Say no more, mother,' he says to her. 'Burthey's good enough, but I
wouldn't marry her if she was made av goold. Begob, she's too big. I want
no hogs'ead av a girl like her,' says he. 'If I'm to be marr'd, I want a
little woman. They're betther o' their size, an' it don't take so much to
buy gowns for thim, naither do they ate so much,' says he.

"'A-a-ah, baithershin,' says his mother to him; 'phat d'ye mane be talkin'
that-a-way, an' me workin' me fingers to the bone clanin' the house for
ye, an' relavin' ye av all the coortin' so as ye'd not be bothered in the
laste wid it.'

"'Shmall thanks to ye,' says Finn, 'sure isn't the coortin' the best share
o' the job?'

    [Illustration: "AN' WHO ARE YOU, ME DEAR?" SAYS FINN, LOOKIN' UP.]

            "AN' WHO ARE YOU, ME DEAR?" SAYS FINN, LOOKIN' UP.


"'Don't ye mane to marry her?' says his mother.

"'Divil a toe will I go wid her,' says Finn.

"'Out, ye onmannerly young blaggârd, I'd tell ye to go to the divil, but
ye're on the way fast enough, an' bad luck to the fut I'll shtir to halt
ye. Only I'm sorry for Burthey,' says she, 'wid her new gown made. When
her brother comes back, begob 'tis he that'll be the death av ye immejitly
afther he dhrops his two eyes on ye.'

"'Aisey now,' says Finn, 'if he opens his big mouth at me, I'll make him
wondher why he wasn't born deef an' dumb,' says he, an' so he would, for
all that he was so paceable.

"Afther that, phat was his mother to do but lave aff an' go to bed, that
she done, givin' Finn all the talk in her head an' a million curses
besides, for she was mightily vexed at bein' bate that way an' was in a
divil av a timper along o' the house-clanin', that always puts wimmin into
a shtate av mind.

"So the next day the news was towld, an' Finn got to be a holy show for
the nabers, bekase av not marryin' Burthey an' wantin' the barmaid. They
were afeared to say annything to himself about it, for he'd an arm on him
the thick o' yer waist, an' no wan wanted to see how well he cud use it,
but they'd whisper afther him, an' whin he wint along the road, they'd
pint afther him, an' by an' by a giont like himself, an uncle av him,
towld him he'd betther lave the counthry, an' so he thought he'd do an'
made ready for to shtart.

"But poor Burthey pined wid shame an' grief at the loss av him, for she
loved him wid all the heart she had, an' that was purty big. So she fell
aff her weight, till from the size av a hogs'ead she got no bigger round
than a barrel an' was like to die. But all the time she kept on hopin'
that he'd come to her, but whin she heard for sartain he was goin' to lave
the counthry she let go an' jumped aff that clift into the say an'
committed shooicide an' drownded herself. She wasn't turned into a pillar
at all, that's wan o' thim guides' lies; she just drownded like annybody
that fell into the wather would, an' was found afther an' berrid be the
fishermen, an' a hard job av it they had, for she weighed a ton. But they
called the place the Lovers' Lape, bekase she jumped from it, an' lovin'
Finn the way she did, the lape she tuk made the place be called afther her
an' that's razon enough.

"Finn was showbogher enough afore, but afther that he seen it was no use
thryin' for to live in Ireland at all, so he got the barmaid, that was
aiquel to goin' wid him, the more that ivery wan was agin him, that's
beway o' the conthrariness av wimmin, that are always ready for to do
annything ye don't want thim to do, an' wint to Scotland an' wasn't heard
av for a long time.

"About twelve years afther, there was a great talk that Finn had got back
from Scotland wid his wife an' had taken the farm over be the village, the
first on the left as ye go down the mountain. At first there was no end av
the fuss that was, for Burthey's frinds hadn't forgotten, but it all come
to talk, so Finn settled down quite enough an' wint to work. But he was an
althered man. His hair an' beard were gray as a badger, so they called him
the Gray Man, an' he'd a look on him like a shape-stalin' dog. Everybody
wondhered, but they didn't wondher long, for it was aisely persaived he
had cause enough, for the tongue o' Missis Finn wint like a stame-ingine,
kapin' so far ahead av her branes that she'd have to shtop an' say
'an'-uh, an'-uh,' to give the latther time for to ketch up. Jagers, but
she was the woman for to talk an' schold an' clack away till ye'd want to
die to be rid av her. When she was young she was a purty nice girl, but as
she got owlder her nose got sharp, her lips were as thin as the aidge av a
sickle, an' her chin was as pinted as the bow av a boat. The way she
managed Finn was beautiful to see, for he was that afeared av her tongue
that he darn't say his sowl belonged to him when she was by.

"When he got up airly in the mornin', she'd ax, 'Now phat are ye raisin'
up so soon for, an' me just closin' me eyes in slape?' an' if he'd lay
abed, she'd tell him to 'get along out o' that now, ye big gossoon; if it
wasn't for me ye'd do nothin' at all but slape like a pig.' If he'd go
out, she'd gosther him about where he was goin' an' phat he meant to do
when he got there; if he shtayed at home, she'd raymark that he done
nothin' but set in the cabin like a boss o' shtraw. When he thried for to
plaze her, she'd grumble at him bekase he didn't thry sooner; when he let
her be, she'd fall into a fury an' shtorm till his hair shtud up like it
was bewitched it was.

"She'd more thricks than a showman's dog. If scholdin' didn't do for Finn,
she'd cry at him, an' had tin childher that she larned to cry at him too,
an' when she begun, the tin o' thim 'ud set up a yell that 'ud deefen a
thrumpeter, so Finn 'ud give in.

"She cud fall ill on tin minnits notice, an' if Finn was obsthreperous in
that degray that she cudn't do him no other way, she'd let on her head
ached fit to shplit, so she'd go to bed an' shtay there till she'd got him
undher her thumb agin. So she knew just where to find him whin she wanted
him; that wimmin undhershtand, for there's more divilmint in wan woman's
head about gettin' phat she wants than in tin men's bodies.

"Sure, if iver annybody had raison to remimber the ould song, "When I was
single," it was Finn.

"So, ye see, Finn, the Gray Man, was afther havin' the divil's own time,
an' that was beways av a mishtake he made about marryin'. He thought it
was wan o' thim goold bands the quol'ty ladies wear on their arrums, but
he found it was a handcuff it was. Sure wimmin are quare craythers. Ye
think life wid wan o' thim is like a sunshiny day an' it's nothing but
drizzle an' fog from dawn to dark, an' it's my belafe that Misther O'Day
wasn't far wrong when he said wimmin are like the owld gun he had in the
house an' that wint aff an the shly wan day an' killed the footman. 'Sure
it looked innycent enough,' says he, 'but it was loaded all the same, an'
only waitin' for an axcuse to go aff at some wan, an' that's like a woman,
so it is,' he'd say, an' ivery wan 'ud laugh when he towld that joke, for
he was the landlord, 'that's like a woman, for she's not to be thrusted
avin when she's dead.'

"But it's me own belafe that the most sarious mishtake av Finn's was in
marryin' a little woman. There's thim that says all wimmin is a mishtake
be nacher, but there's a big differ bechuxt a little woman an' a big wan,
the little wans have sowls too big for their bodies, so are always lookin'
out for a big man to marry, an' the bigger he is, the betther they like
him, as knowin' they can manage him all the aisier. So it was wid Finn an'
his little wife, for be hook an' be crook she rejuiced him in that
obejince that if she towld him for to go an' shtand on his head in the
corner, he'd do it wid the risk av his life, bekase he'd wanted to die an'
go to heaven as he heard the priest say there was no marryin' there, an'
though he didn't dare to hint it, he belaved in his sowl that the rayzon
was the wimmin didn't get that far.

                [Illustration: Music: When I Was Single.]

"Afther they'd been living here about a year, Finn thought he'd fish a bit
an' so help along, considherin' he'd a big family an' none o' the childher
owld enough for to work. So he got a boat an' did purty well an' his wife
used to come acrass the hill to the shore to help him wid the catch. But
it was far up an' down agin an' she'd get tired wid climbin' the hill an'
jawing at Finn on the way.

"So wan day as they were comin' home, they passed a cabin an' there was
the man that lived there, that was only a ditcher, a workin' away on the
side av the hill down the path to the shpring wid a crowbar, movin' a big
shtone, an' the shweat rollin' in shtrames aff his face.

"'God save ye,' says Finn to him.

"'God save ye kindly,' says he to Finn.

"'It's a bizzy man ye are,' says Finn.

"'Thrue for ye,' says the ditcher. 'It's along o' the owld woman. "The way
to the shpring is too stape an' shtoney," says she to me, an' sure, I'm
afther makin' it aisey for her.'

"'Ye're the kind av a man to have,' says Missis Finn, shpakin' up. 'Sure
all wimmin isn't blessed like your wife,' says she, lookin' at Finn, who
let on to laugh when he wanted to shwear. They had some more discoorse,
thin Finn an' his wife wint on, but it put a big notion into her head. If
the bogthrotter, that was only a little ottommy, 'ud go to work like that
an' make an aisey path for his owld woman to the shpring, phat's the
rayzon Finn cudn't fall to an' dig a path through the mountains, so she
cud go to the say an' to the church on the shore widout breakin' her back
climbin' up an' then agin climbin' down. 'T was the biggest consate iver
in the head av her, an' she wasn't wan o' thim that 'ud let it cool aff
for the want o' talkin' about it, so she up an' towld it to Finn, an' got
afther him to do it. Finn wasn't aiger for to thry, bekase it was Satan's
own job, so he held out agin all her scholdin' an' beggin' an' cryin'.
Then she got sick on him, wid her headache, an' wint to bed, an' whin Finn
was about she'd wondher out loud phat she was iver born for an' why she
cudn't die. Then she'd pray, so as Finn 'ud hear her, to all the saints to
watch over her big gossoon av a husband an' not forget him just bekase he
was a baste, an' if Finn 'ud thry to quiet her, she'd pray all the louder,
an' tell him it didn't matther, she was dyin' an' 'ud soon be rid av him
an' his brutal ways, so as Finn got half crazy wid her an' was ready to do
annything in the worruld for to get her quiet.

  [Illustration: "Finn gave in an' wint to work wid a pick an' sphade"]

"Afther about a week av this thratemint, Finn give in an' wint to work wid
a pick an' shpade on the Gray Man's Path. But thim that says he made it in
wan night is ignerant, for I belave it tuk him a month at laste; if not
more. So that's the thrue shtory av the Gray Man's Path, as me grandfather
towld it, an' shows that a giont's size isn't a taste av help to him in a
contist wid a woman's jaw.

"But to be fair wid her, I belave the onliest fault Finn's wife had was,
she was possist be the divil, an' there's thim that thinks that's enough.
I mind me av a young felly wan time that was in love, an' so to be
axcused, that wished he'd a hunderd tongues so to do justice to his
swateheart. So afther that he marr'd her, an' whin they'd been marr'd a
while an' she'd got him undher her fisht, says they to him, 'An' how about
yer hunderd tongues?' 'Begorra,' says he to thim agin, 'wid a hunderd I'd
get along betther av coorse than wid wan, but to be ayquel to the waggin'
av her jaw I'd nade a hunderd t'ousand.'

"So it's a consate I have that Missis Finn was not a haporth worse nor the
rest o' thim, an' that's phat me grandfather said too, that had been
marr'd twict, an' so knewn phat he was talkin' about. An' whin he towld
the shtory av the Gray Man, he'd always end it wid a bit av poethry:--

  "'The first rib did bring in ruin
  As the rest have since been doin';
  Some be wan way, some another,
  Woman shtill is mischief's mother.

  "'Be she good or be she avil,
  Be she saint or be she divil,
  Shtill unaisey is his life
  That is marr'd wid a wife.'"





SATAN AS A SCULPTOR.


            [Illustration: Initial: "Satan as a Sculptor"]

Near one of the fishing villages which abound on the Clare coast, a narrow
valley runs back from the sea into the mountains, opening between two
precipices that, ages ago, were rent asunder by the forces of nature. On
entering the valley by the road leading from the sea-shore, nothing can be
seen but barren cliffs and craggy heights, covered here and there by
patches of the moss peculiar to the country. After making some progress,
the gorge narrows, the moss becomes denser on the overhanging rocks;
trees, growing out of clefts in the precipices, unite their branches above
the chasm, and shroud the depths, so that, save an hour or two at noon,
the rays of the sun do not penetrate to the crystal brook, rippling along
at the bottom over its bed of moss-covered pebbles,--now flashing white as
it leaps down a declivity, now hiding itself under the overreaching ferns,
now coming again into the light, but always hurrying on as though eager to
escape from the dark, gloomy retreat, and, for a moment, enjoy the
sunshine of the wider valley beyond before losing its life in the sea.

                      [Illustration: A Barren Cliff]

At a narrow turn in the valley and immediately over the spot where the
brook has its origin in a spring bursting out of a crevice in the rock and
falling into a circular well partly scooped out, partly built up for the
reception of the sparkling water, a cliff rises perpendicularly to the
height of fifty feet, surmounted, after a break in the strata, by another,
perhaps twenty feet higher, the upper portion being curiously wrought by
nature's chisel into the shape of a human countenance. The forehead is
shelving, the eyebrows heavy and menacing; the nose large and hooked like
the beak of a hawk; the upper lip short, the chin prominent and pointed,
while a thick growth of ferns in the shelter of the crag forming the nose
gives the impression of a small mustache and goatee. Above the forehead a
mass of tangled undergrowth and ferns bears a strong resemblance to an
Oriental turban. An eye is plainly indicated by a bit of light-colored
stone, and altogether the face has a sinister leer, that, in an ignorant
age, might easily inspire the fears of a superstitious people.

On a level with the chin and to the right of the face is the mouth of a
cave, reached by a path up the hillside, rude steps in the rock rendering
easier the steep ascent. The cave can be entered only by stooping, but
inside a room nearly seven feet high and about twelve feet square presents
itself. Undoubtedly the cave was once the abode of an anchorite, for on
each side of the entrance a Latin cross is deeply carved in the rock,
while within, at the further side, and opposite the door, a block of stone
four feet high was left for an altar. Above it, a shrine is hollowed out
of the stone wall, and over the cavity is another cross, surmounted by the
mystic I. H. S.

The legend of the cave was told by an old "wise woman" of the neighborhood
with a minuteness of detail that rendered the narrative more tedious than
graphic. A devout believer in the truth of her own story, she told it with
wonderful earnestness, combining fluency of speech with the intonations of
oratory in such a way as to render the legend as interesting as a dramatic
recitation.

"'T is the cave av the saint, but phat saint I'm not rightly sartain. Some
say it was Saint Patrick himself, but 't is I don't belave that same. More
say it was the blessed Saint Kevin, him that done owld King O'Toole out av
his land in the bargain he made fur curin' his goose, but that's not thrue
aither, an' it's my consate they're right that say it was Saint Tigernach,
the same that built the big Abbey av Clones in Monaghan. His Riverince,
Father Murphy, says that same, an' sorra a wan has a chance av knowin'
betther than him.

                    [Illustration: THE DEVIL'S FACE.]

"An' the big head on the rock there is the divil's face that the saint
made him put there, the time the blessed man was too shmart fur him whin
the Avil Wan thried to do him.

"A quare owld shtory it is, an' the quol'ty that come down here on the
coast laugh if it's towld thim, an' say it's a t'underin' big lie that's
in it, bekase they don't undhershtand it, but if men belaved nothin' they
didn't undhershtand, it's a short craydo they'd have. But I was afther
tellin', Saint Tigernach lived in the cave, it bein' him an' no other;
morebetoken, he was a good man an' shrewder than a fox. He made the cave
fur himself an' lived there, an' ivery day he'd say tin thousand paters,
an' five thousand aves, an' a thousand craydos, an' thin go out among the
poor. There wasn't manny poor thin in Ireland, Glory be to God, fur the
times was betther thin, but phat there was looked up to the saint, fur he
was as good as a cupboard to thim, an' whin he begged fur the poor, sorra
a man 'ud get from him till he'd given him a copper or more, fur he'd
shtick like a consthable to ye till he'd get his money. An' all that were
parshecuted, an' the hungry, an' naked, and God's poor, wint to the saint
like a child to its mother an' towld him the whole o' their heart.

"While the blessed saint lived here, over acrass the hill an' beyant the
peat-bog there was a hedger an' ditcher named O'Connor. He was only a poor
laborin' man, an' the owld woman helped him, while his girl, be the name
o' Kathleen, tinded the house, fur I must tell ye, they kept a boord in
the corner beways av a bar an' a jug wid potheen that they sowld to thim
that passed, fur it was afore the days av the gaugers, bad cess to thim,
an' ivery man dhrunk phat he plazed widout payin' a pinny to the
govermint. So O'Connor made the potheen himself an' Kathleen sowld it to
the turf-cutters, an' mighty little did they buy, bekase they'd no money.
She was a fine girl, wid a pair av eyes that 'ud dint the hearts av owld
an' young, an' wid a dacint gown fur the week an' a clane wan fur the
Sunday, an' just such a girl as 'ud make an owld felly feel himself young
agin. Sorra the taste av divilmint was there in the girl at all, fur she
was good as the sunshine in winther an' as innycent as a shpring lamb, an'
wint to church an' did her jooty reglar.

"She was afther fallin' in love wid a young felly that done ditchin' an'
they were to be marr'd whin he got his house done an' his father gev him a
cow. He wasn't rich be no manes, but as fur feelin' poverty, he never
dhreamt o' such a thing, fur he'd the love o' Kathleen an' thought it a
forchune.

"In thim times the castle at the foot o' the hill was kept be a lord, that
wid roomytisms an' panes in his jints was laid on his bed all the time,
and the son av him, Lord Robert, was the worst man to be runnin' afther
girls iver seen in the County Clare. He was the dandy among thim an' broke
the hearts o' thim right an' lift like he was shnappin' twigs undher his
feet. Manny a wan he desaved an' let go to the dogs, as they did at wanst,
fur whin the divil gets his foot on a woman's neck, she niver lifts her
head agin.

"Wan day, Lord Robert's father's roomytism got the betther av him an' laid
him out, an' they gev him an iligant wake an' berryin', an' while they
were at the grave Lord Robert looked up an' seen Kathleen shtandin' among
the people an' wondhered who she was. So he come into the eshtate an' got
a stable full av horses an' dogs, an' did a power o' huntin', an' as he
was a sojer, he'd a shwarm av throopers at the cassel, all the like av
himself. But not long afther the berryin', Lord Robert was huntin' in the
hills, an' he come down towards the bog an' seen O'Connor's cabin, an'
says to his man 'Bedad, I wondher if they've a dhrop to shpare here, I'm
mortial dhry.' So in they wint, an' axed, an' got thim their dhrink, an'
thin he set the wicked eyes av him on the girl an' at wanst remimbered
her.

"'It's a mighty fine girl ye are,' says he to Kathleen thin, an' fit fur
the house av a prince.'

"'None o' yer deludherin' talk to me, Sorr,' says Kathleen to him. 'I know
ye, an' it's no good I know av ye,' says she to him. 'Twas the good girl
she was an' as firm as a landlord in a bad year when she thought there was
anny avil intinded.

"So he wint away that time an' come agin an' agin when he was huntin' an'
always had some impidince to say at her. She towld her parrents av it, an'
though they didn't like it at all, they wasn't afeared fur the girl, an'
he'd spind more in wan dhrinkin' than they'd take in in a week, so they
were not sorry to see him come, but ivery time he come he wint away more
detarmined to have the girl, an' whin he found he cudn't get her be fair
manes he shwore he'd do it be foul. So wanst, whin she'd been cowlder to
him than common an' wouldn't have a prisint he brought her, he says to
her, 'Begob, I'll bring ye to terms. If ye won't accept me prisints, I'll
make ye bend yer will widout prisints,' an' he wint away. She got
frighted, an' whin she saw Tim Maccarty, she towld him av Lord Robert an'
phat he said. Well, it made Tim mighty mad. 'Tatther an' agers,' says he,
'be the powers, I'll break every bone in his body if he lays a finger on
yer showldher; but, fur all that, whin Tim got to thinkin', he got skairt
av Kathleen.

"'Sure,' says he to himself, 'ain't wimmin like glass jugs, that'll break
wid the laste touch? I'll marry her immejitly an' take out av Clare into
Kerry,' says he, 'an' let him dare to come afther her there,' says he, for
he knewn that if Lord Robert came into the Kerry mountains, the boys 'ud
crack his shkull wid the same compuncshusness that they'd have to an egg
shell. So he left aff the job an' convaynienced himself to go to Kathleen
that night an' tell her his belafe.

"'Amn't I afeared fur ye, me darlin',' says he, 'and wouldn't I dhrownd me
in the say if anny harm 'ud come to ye, so I think we'd betther be married
at wanst.'

"So Kathleen consinted an' made a bundle av her Sunday gown, an' they
shtarted fur the saint's cave, that bein' the nearest place they cud be
marr'd at, an' bein' marr'd be him was like bein' marr'd be a priest.

"So they wint alang the road to where the foot-path laves it be the
oak-tree, then up the path an' through the boreen to where Misther
Dawson's black mare broke her leg jumpin' the hedge, an' whin they rached
that shpot they heard a noise on the road behint thim an' stud be the
hedge, peepin' through to have a look at it an' see phat it was. An' there
was Lord Robert an' a dozen av his bad min, wid their waypons an' the
armor on thim shinin' in the moonlight. It was ridin' to O'Connor's they
were, an' whin Tim an' Kathleen set their eyes on thim, they seen they'd
made a narrer eshcape.

"Howandiver, as soon as Lord Robert an' his min were out o' sight, they
ran wid all their shpeed, an' lavin' the path where Dennis Murphy fell
into the shtrame lasht winter comin' back from Blanigan's wake whin he'd
had too much, they tuk the rise o' the hill, an' that was a mishtake. If
they'd kep be the hedge an' 'round be the foot-bridge, then up the footway
the other side o' the brook an' ferninst the mill, they'd have kep out o'
sight, an' been safe enough; but as they were crassin' the hill, wan av
Robert's min saw thim, fur it was afther the girl he was sure enough, an'
whin he found from her father her an' Tim were gone, they rode aff here
an' there sarchin' afther thim. Whin the sojer shpied thim on the top o'
the hill, he blew his thrumpet, an' here come all the rest shtreelin'
along on the run, round the hill as fast as their bastes 'ud take thim,
fur they guessed where the two 'ud be goin'. An' Kathleen an' Tim come
tumblin' down the shlope, an' bad luck to the minnit they'd to shpare whin
they got into the cave before here was the whole gang, wid their horses
puffin', an' their armors rattlin' like a pedler's tins.

"The saint was on a pile av shtraw in the corner, shnorin' away out av his
blessed nose, fur it was as sound aslape as a pig he was, bein' tired
entirely wid a big day's job, an' didn't wake up wid their comin' in. So
Lord Robert an' his min left their horses below an' climbed up an' looked
in, but cud see nothin' be razon av the darkness.

"'Arrah now,' says he, 'Kathleen, come along out o' that now, fur I've got
ye safe an' sound.'

"They answered him niver a word, but he heard a noise that was the saint
turnin' over on his bed bein' onaisey in his slape.

"'Come along out o' that,' he repaited; 'an' you, Tim Maccarty, if ye come
out, ye may go back to yer ditchin', but if ye wait fur me to fetch ye,
the crows 'ull be atin' ye at sunrise. Shtrike a light,' says he. So they
did, an' looked in an' saw Tim an' Kathleen, wan on aitch side o' the
althar, holdin' wid all their mights to the crass that was on it.

"'Dhrag thim out av it,' says Lord Robert, an' the min went in, but afore
they come near thim, Saint Tigernach shtopped shnorin', bein' wakened wid
the light an' jabberin', an' shtud up on the flure.

"'Howld on now,' says the blessed saint, 'phat's the matther here? Phat's
all this murtherin' noise about?' says he.

"Lord Robert's min all dhrew back, for there was a power o' fear av the
saint in the county, an' Lord Robert undhertuk to axplain that the girl
was a sarvint av his that run away wid that thafe av a ditcher, but Saint
Tigernach seen through the whole thrick at wanst.

             [Illustration: "Her masther stood be her side"]

"'Lave aff,' says he. 'Don't offer fur to thrape thim lies on me. Pack aff
wid yer murtherers, or it's the curse ye'll get afore ye can count yer
fingers,' an' wid that all the min went out, an' Lord Robert afther thim,
an' all he cud say 'udn't pervail on the sojers to go back afther the
girl.

"'No, yer Anner,' says they to him; 'we ate yer Anner's mate, an' dhrink
yer Anner's dhrink, an' 'ull do yer Anner's biddin' in all that's right.
We're parfectly willin' to wait till mornin' an' murther the ditcher an'
shtale the girl whin they come out an' get away from the saint, but he
musn't find it out. It's riskin' too much. Begorra, we've got sowls to
save,' says they, so they all got on their horses an' shtarted back to the
cassel.

"Lord Robert folly'd thim a bit, but the avil heart av him was so set on
Kathleen that he cudn't bear the thought av lettin' her go. So whin he got
to the turn av the road, 'T'underation,' says he, ''t is the wooden head
that's set on me showldhers, that I didn't think av the witch afore.'

"Ye see, in the break av the mountains beyant the mill, where the rath is,
there was in thim times the cabin av a great witch. 'T was a dale av avil
she done the County Clare wid shtorms an' rainy sayzons an' cows lavin'
aff their milk, an' she'd a been dhrownded long afore, but fur fear av the
divil, her masther, that was at her elbow, whinever she'd crook her
finger. So to her Lord Robert wint, an' gev a rap on the dure, an' in.
There she sat wid a row av black cats on aitch side, an' the full av a
shkillet av sarpints a-shtewin' on the fire. He knew her well, fur she'd
done jobs fur him afore, so he made bowld to shtate his arriant widout so
much as sayin' good day to ye. The owld fagot made a charm to call her
masther, an' that minnit he was shtandin' be her side, bowin' an'
schrapin' an' shmilin' like a gintleman come to tay. He an' Lord Robert
fell to an' had a power av discoorse on the bargain, fur Robert was a
sharp wan an' wanted the conthract onsartain-like, hopin' to chate the
divil at the end, as we all do, be the help av God, while Satan thried to
make it shtronger than a tinant's lace. Afther a dale av palatherin', they
aggrade that the divil was to do all that Lord Robert axed him fur twinty
years, an' then to have him sowl an' body; but if he failed, there was an
end av the bargain. But there was a long face on the owld felly whin the
first thing he was bid to do was to bring Kathleen out o' the cave an'
carry her to the cassel.

"'By Jayminny,' says Satan, 'it's no aisey job fur to be takin' her from
the power av a great saint like him,' a-scratchin' his head. 'But come on,
we'll thry.'

       [Illustration: "So the three av thim mounted the wan horse"]

"So the three av thim mounted on the wan horse, Lord Robert in the saddle,
the divil behind, an' the witch in front av him, an' away like the wind to
the cave. Whin they got to the turn o' the hill, they got aff an' hid in
the bushes bechune the cave an' the shpring, bekase, as Satan axplained to
Lord Robert, ivery night, just at midnight, the saint wint to get him a
dhrink av wather, bein' dhry wid the devotions, an' 'ud bring the full av
a bucket back wid him.

"'We'll shtop him be the shpring,' says the divil, 'wid the witch, an' you
an' me'ull shtale the girl while he's talkin'.

"So while the clock was shtrikin' fur twilve, out come the saint wid the
wather-bucket an' shtarted to the shpring. Whin he got there an' was
takin' his dhrink, up comes the witch an' begins tellin' him av a son she
had (she was purtindin', ye ondhershtand, an' lyin' to him) that was as
lazy as a câr-horse an' as much in the way as a sore thumb, an' axin' the
saint's advice phat to do wid him, while Satan an' Lord Robert ran into
the cave. The divil picked up Kathleen in his arrums, but he darn't have
done that same, only she was on the other side av the cave an' away from
the althar, but Tim was shtandin' by it, an' shtarted out wid her kickin'
an' schraichin'. Tim ran to grip him, but Satan tossed him back like a
ball an' he fell on the flure.

"'Howld on till I shtick him,' says Lord Robert, pullin' out his soord.

"'Come on, ye bosthoon,' says Satan to him. 'Sure the saint 'ull be on us
if we don't get away quick,' an' bedad, as he said thim words, the dure
opened, an' in come Saint Tigernach wid a bucket av wather on his arrum
an' in a hurry, fur he misthrusted something.

"'God's presince be about us,' says the blessed saint, whin he saw the
divil, an' the turkey-bumps begun to raise on his blessed back an' the
shweat a-comin' on his face, fur he knewn Satan well enough, an' consaved
the owld felly had come fur himself be razon av a bit o' mate he ate that
day, it bein' av a Friday; axceptin' he didn't ate the mate but only
tasted it an' then spit it out agin to settle a quarl bechune a butcher
an' a woman that bought the mate an' said it was bad, only he was afeared
Satan didn't see him when he sput it out agin. 'God's presince be about
us,' says the saint, a-crossin' himself as fast as he cud. In a minnit
though, he seen it wasn't him, but Kathleen, that was in it, an' let go
the wather an' caught the blessed crass that was hangin' on him wid his
right hand an' gripped Satan be the throat wid his lift, a-pushin' the
crass in his face.

"The divil dhropped Kathleen like it was a bag av male she was, an' she
rolled over an' over on the flure like a worrum till she raiched the
althar an' stuck to it as tight as the bark on a tree. An' a fine thing it
was to see the inimy av our sowls a-lyin' there trimblin', wid the saint's
fut on his neck.

"'Glory be to God,' says the saint. 'Lie you there till I make an example
av ye,' says he, an' turned to look fur Lord Robert, bekase he knewn the
two o' thim 'ud be in it. But the Sassenagh naded no invitation to be
walkin' aff wid himself, but whin he seen phat come to the divil, he run
away wid all the legs he had, an' the witch wid him, an' Tim afther thim
wid a whoop an' a fishtful av shtones. But they left him complately an'
got away disconsarted, an' Tim come back.

"'Raise up,' says Saint Tigernach to the divil, 'an' shtand in the
corner,' makin' the blessed sign on the ground afore him. 'I'm afther
marryin' these two at wanst, widout fee or license, an' you shall be the
witness.'

"So he married thim there, while the divil looked on. Faix, it's no lie
I'm tellin' ye; it's not the onliest marryin' the divil's been at, but
he's not aften seen at thim when he's in as low sper'ts as he was at that.
But it was so that they were married wid Satan fur a witness, an' some
says the saint thransported thim to Kerry through the air, but 't isn't
meself that belaves that same, but that they walked to Kilrush an' wint to
Kerry in a fisherman's boat.

"Afther they'd shtarted, the saint turns to Satan an' says, 'No more av
yer thricks wid them two, me fine felly, fur I mane to give you a job
that'll kape ye out av mischief fur wan time at laste,' fur he was
mightily vexed wid him a-comin' that-a-way right into his cave the same as
if the place belonged to him.

"'Go you to work,' says he, 'an' put yer face on the rock over the
shpring, so that as long as the mountain shtands min can come an' see phat
sort av a dirthy lookin' baste ye are.'

"So Satan wint out an' looked up at the rock, shmilin', as fur to say that
was no great matther, an' whin the blessed man seen the grin that was on
him, he says, 'None av yer inchantmints will I have at all, at all. It's
honest work ye'll do, an' be the same token, here's me own hammer an'
chisel that ye'll take,' an' wid that the divil looked mighty sarious, an'
left aff grinnin' for he parsaived the clift was granite.

"'Sure it's jokin' yer Riverince is,' says he, 'ye don't mane it. Sorra
the harder bit av shtone bechuxt this an' Donegal,' an' it was thrue for
him, fur he knewn the coast well.

"'Bad luck to the taste av a lie's in it,' says the saint. 'So take yer
waypons an' go at it, owld Buck-an'-Whey, fur the sooner ye begin, the
quicker ye'll be done, an' the shtone won't soften be yer watin'. Mind ye
kape a civil tongue in yer head while ye're at the job, or it'll be a
holiday to the wan I'll find ye,' says he, lookin' at him very fierce.

"So wid great displazemint, Satan tuk the hammer an' chisel, an' climbed
up an' wint to work a cuttin' his own face on the shtone, an' it was as
hard as iron it was, an whin he'd hit it a couple av cracks, he shtopped
an' shuck his head an' thin scratched over his year wid the chisel an'
looked round at the saint as fur to say somethin', but the blessed saint
looked at him agin so fayroshus, that he made no raimark at all, but
turned back to the clift quick an' begun to hammer away in airnest till
the shweat shtud on his haythenish face like the dhrops on a wather-jug.

"On the next day, Lord Robert thought he'd call the owld Inimy, an' remind
him that, bein' as he'd failed to get Kathleen, their bargain was aff. So
he made the charm Satan gev him, but he didn't come fur anny thrial he'd
make.

"'Bad scran to the Imp,' says he. 'Sure he must be mighty busy or maybe
he's forgot entirely.'

"So he out an' wint to see the witch, but she wasn't in, an' while he was
waitin' for her, bein' not far away from the saint's cave, he thought he'd
have a peep, an' see if Tim an' Kathleen were shtill there. So he crawled
over the top o' the hill beyant the cave like the sarpint that he was, an'
whin he come down a little, he seen the owld Pooka on the clift, wid the
hammer in wan hand an' the chisel in the other a poundin' away at the rock
an' hangin' on be his tail to a tree. Lord Robert thought the eyes 'ud
lave his head, fur he seen it was the divil sure enough, but he cudn't
rightly make out phat he was doin'. So he crawled down till he seen, an'
thin, whin he undhershtood, he riz an' come an' took a sate on a big
shtone ferninst the clift, a shlappin' his legs wid his hands, an' roarin'
an' the wather bilin' out av his eyes wid laughin'.

"'Hilloo Nickey,' says he, when he'd got his breath agin an' cud shpake.
'Is it yerself that's in it?' Mind the impidince av him, shpakin' that
familiar to the inimy av our sowls, but faix, he'd a tongue like a
jewsharp, an' cud use it too.

"'Kape from me,' says Satan to him agin, as crass as two shticks, an'
widout turnin' his head fur to raigârd him. 'Lave me! Begorra, I'll wipe
the clift aff wid yer carkidge if ye come anny closter,' says he.

"'A-a-a-h, woorroo, now. Aisey, ye desayvin' owld blaggârd,' says Lord
Robert, as bowld as a ram, fur he knewn that Satan daren't lave the job to
come at him. 'Will ye kape yer timper? Sure ye haven't the manners av a
goat, to be shpakin' to a gintleman like that. I've just come to tell ye
that bein' ye failed, our bargain 's aff,' says he.

"'Out wid ye,' says the divil, turnin' half round an' howldin' be wan hand
to the big shtone nose he'd just done, an' shakin' the other fist wid the
chisel in it at Lord Robert. 'D' ye think I want to be aggervated wid the
likes av ye, ye whey-faced shpalpeen, an' me losin' the whole day, an'
business pressin' at this saison, an' breakin' me back on the job, an' me
fingers sore wid the chisel, an' me tail shkinned wid howldin' on? Bad
luck to the shtone, it's harder than a Scotchman's head, it is, so it is,'
says he, turnin' back agin when he seen the saint at the dure av the cave.
An' thin he begun a peckin' away at the clift fur dear life, shwearin' to
himself, so the saint cudn't hear him, every time he give his knuckles an
onlucky crack wid the hammer.

"'Ye're not worth the throuble,' says he to Lord Robert; he was that full
av rage he cudn't howld in. 'It's a paltherin' gossoon I was fur thriflin'
wid ye whin I was sure av ye annyhow.'

"'Yer a liar,' says Lord Robert, 'ye desaivin' nagurly Haythen. If ye was
sure o' me phat did ye want to make a bargain fur?'

"'Yer another,' says Satan. 'Isn't a sparrer in yer hand betther than a
goose on a shtring?'

"So they were goin' on wid the blaggârdin' match, whin the blessed saint,
that come out whin he heard thim begin, an' thin set on the dure
a-watchin', to see that owld Nick didn't schamp the job, interfared.

"'Howld yer pace, Satan, an' kape at yer work,' says he. 'An' for you, ye
blatherin', milk-faced villin, wid the heart as black as a crow, walk aff
wid ye an' go down on yer hard-hearted onbelavin' knees, or it's no good
'ull come o' ye.' An' so he did.

"Do I belave the shtory? Troth, I dunno. It's quare things happened in
them owld days, an' there's the face on the clift as ugly as the divil cud
be an' the hammer an' chisel are in the church an' phat betther proof cud
ye ax?

"Phat come av the lovers? No more do I know that, barrin' they grew owld
an' shtayed poor an' forgot the shpring-time av youth in the winter av
age, but if they lived a hunderd years, they niver forgot the marryin' in
the saint's cave, wid the black face av the Avil Wan lookin' on from the
dark corner."

             [Illustration: "'Kape from me,' says the divil"]





THE DEFEAT OF THE WIDOWS.


         [Illustration: Initial: "The Defeat of the Widows"]

When superstitions have not yet been banished from any other part of the
world it is not wonderful that they should still be found in the country
districts of Ireland, rural life being especially favorable to the
perpetuation of old ways of living and modes of thought, since in an
agricultural district less change takes place in a century than may, in a
city, be observed in a single decade. Country people preserve their old
legends with their antique styles of apparel, and thus the relics of the
pagan ages of Ireland have come down from father to son, altered and
adapted to the changes in the country and its population. Thus, for
instance, the old-fashioned witch is no longer found in any part of
Ireland, her memory lingering only as a tradition, but her modern
successor is frequently met with, and in many parishes a retired hovel in
a secluded lane is a favorite resort of the neighboring peasants, for it
is the home of the Pishogue, or wise woman, who collects herbs, and, in
her way, doctors her patients, sometimes with simple medicinal remedies,
sometimes with charms, according to their gullibility and the nature of
their ailments.

Not far from Ballinahinch, a fishing village on Birterbuy Bay, in the
County Galway, and in the most lonely valley of the neighborhood, there
dwells one of these wise women who supplant the ancient witches. The hovel
which shelters her bears every indication of wretched poverty; the floor
is mud, the smoke escapes through a hole in the thatch in default of a
chimney; the bed is a scanty heap of straw in the corner, and two rude
shelves, bearing a small assortment of cracked jars and broken bottles,
constitute Moll's stock in trade.

The misery of her household surroundings, however, furnished to the minds
of her patients no argument against the efficiency of her remedies, Moll
being commonly believed to have "a power av goold," though no one had ever
seen any portion thereof. But with all her reputed riches she had no fear
of robbers, for "she could aisily do for thim did they but come as many as
the shtraws in the thatch," and would-be robbers, no doubt understanding
that fact, prudently consulted their own safety by staying away from the
vicinity of her cabin.

"Owld Moll," as she was known, was a power in the parish, and her help was
sought in many emergencies. Did a cow go dry, Moll knew the reason and
might possibly remove the spell; if a baby fell ill, Moll had an
explanation of its ailment, and could tell at a glance whether the little
one was or was not affected by the evil eye of a secret enemy. If a pig
was stolen, she was shrewd in her conjectures as to the direction its
wrathful owner must take in the search. But her forte lay in bringing
about love-matches. Many were the charms at her command for this purpose,
and equally numerous the successes with which she was accredited. Some
particulars of her doings in this direction were furnished by Jerry
Magwire, a jolly car-man of Galway, who had himself been benefited by her
services.

"Sure I was married meself be her manes," stated Jerry, "an' this is the
way it was. Forty-nine years ago come next Mickelmas, I was a good-lookin'
young felly, wid a nate cabin on the road from Ballinasloe to Ballinamore,
havin' a fine câr an' a mare an' her colt, that was as good as two horses
whin the colt grew up. I was afther payin' coort to Dora O'Callighan, that
was the dawther av Misther O'Callighan that lived in the County Galway,
an', be the same token, was a fine man. In thim times I used be comin'
over here twict or three times a year wid a bagman, commercial thraveller,
you'd call him, an' I heard say av Owld Moll, an' she wasn't owld thin,
an' the next time I come, I wint to her an' got an inchantmint. Faix, some
av it is gone from me, but I mind that I was to change me garthers, an'
tie on me thumb a bit o' bark she gev me, an' go to the churchyard on
Halloween, an' take the first chilla-ca-pooka (snail) I found on a
tombshtone, an' begob, it was that same job that was like to be the death
o' me, it bein' dark an' I bendin' to look clost, a hare jumped in me face
from undher the shtone. 'Jagers,' says I, an' me fallin' on me back on the
airth an' the life lavin' me. 'Presince o' God be about me,' says I, for I
knewn the inchantmint wasn't right, no more I oughtn't to be at it, but
the hare was skairt like meself an' run, an' I found the shnail an' run
too wid the shweat pourin' aff me face in shtrames.

"So I put the shnail in a plate that I covered wid another, an' av the
Sunday, I opened it fur to see phat letters it writ, an' bad luck to the
wan o' thim cud I rade at all, fur in thim days I cudn't tell A from any
other letther. I tuk the plate to Misther O'Callighan, fur he was a fine
scholar an' cud rade both books an' writin', an' axed him phat the letters
was.

"'A-a-ah, ye ignerant gommoch,' says he to me, 'yer head's as empty as a
drum. Sure here's no writin' at all, only marks that the shnail's afther
makin' an' it crawlin' on the plate.'

"So I axplained the inchantmint to him, an' he looked a little closter,
an' thin jumped wid shurprise.

"'Oh,' says he. 'Is that thrue?' says he. 'Ye must axqueeze me, Misther
Magwire. Sure the shnails does n't write a good hand, an' I'm an owld man
an' me eyes dim, but I see it betther now. Faith, the first letter's a D,'
says he, an' thin he shtudied awhile. 'An' the next is a O, an' thin
there's a C,' says he, 'only the D an' the C is bigger than the O, an'
that's all the letters there is,' says he.

"'An' phat does thim letters shpell?' says I, bekase I did n't know.

"'Ah, bad scran to 'em,' says he; 'there's thim cows in me field agin,'
says he. 'Ax Dora, here she comes,' an' away he wint as she come in, an' I
axed her phat D. O. C. shpelt; an' she towld me her name, an' I go bail
she was surprised to find the shnail had writ thim letters on the plate,
so we marr'd the next Sunday.

"But Owld Moll is a knowledgeable woman an' has a power av shpells an'
charms. There's Tim Gallagher, him as dhrives the public câr out o'
Galway, he's bought his luck av her be the month, fur nigh on twinty year,
barrin' wan month, that he forgot, an' that time he shpilt his load in the
ditch an' kilt a horse, bein' too dhrunk to dhrive.

"Whin me dawther Dora, that was named afther her mother, was ill afther
she'd been to the dance, whin O'Hoolighan's Peggy was married to Paddy
Noonan (she danced too hard in the cabin an' come home in the rain), me
owld woman wint to Moll an' found that Dora had been cast wid an avil eye.
So she gev her a tay to dhrink an' a charm to wear agin it, an' afther
she'd dhrunk the tay an' put on the charm the faver lift her, an' she was
well entirely.

            [Illustration: AN' PHAT DOES THIM LETTERS SHPELL?]

                    AN' PHAT DOES THIM LETTERS SHPELL?


"Sure Moll towld me wan magpie manes sorrow, two manes luck, three manes a
weddin', an' four manes death; an' didn't I see four o' thim the day o'
the fair in Ennis whin O'Dougherty was laid out? An' whin O'Riley cut his
arrum wid a bill-hook, an' the blood was runnin', didn't she tie a shtring
on the arrum an' dip a raven's feather into the blood av a black cat's
tail, an' shtop the bleedin'? An' didn't she bid me take care o' meself
the day I met a red-headed woman afore dinner, an' it wasn't six months
till I met the woman in the mornin', it a-rainin' an' ivery dhrop the full
o' yer hat, an' me top-coat at home, an' that same night was I tuk wid the
roomytics an' didn't shtir a toe fur a fortnight. Faix, she's an owld wan
is Moll; phat she can't do isn't worth thryin'. If she goes fur to make a
match, all the fathers in Ireland cudn't purvint it, an' it's no use o'
their settin' theirselves agin her, fur her head's as long as a summer day
an' as hard as a shillalee.

"Did iver ye hear how she got a husband for owld Miss Rooney, the same
that married Misther Dooley that kapes the Aygle Inn in Lisdoon Varna, an'
tuk him clane away from the Widdy Mulligan an' two more widdys that were
comin' down upon him like kites on a young rabbit?

"Well, it's a mighty improvin' shtory, fur it shows that widdys can be
baten whin they're afther a husband, that some doesn't belave, but they do
say it takes a witch, the divil, an' an owld maid to do it, an' some think
that all o' thim isn't aiquel to a widdy, aven if there's three o' thim
an' but wan av her.

"The razon av it is this. Widdy wimmin are like lobsthers, whin they wanst
ketch holt, begob, they've no consate av lettin' go at all, but will
shtick to ye tighter than a toe-nail, till ye've aither to marry thim or
murther thim, that's the wan thing in the end; fur if ye marry thim ye're
talked to death, an' if ye murther thim ye 're only dacintly hanged out o'
the front dure o' the jail. Whin they're afther a husband, they're as busy
as owld Nick, an' as much in airnest as a dog in purshoot av a flea.
More-be-token, they're always lookin' fur the proper man, an' if they see
wan that they think will shuit, bedad, they go afther him as strait as an
arrer, an' if he doesn't take the alarum an' run like a shape-thief, the
widdy 'ull have him afore the althar an' married fast an' tight while he'd
be sayin' a Craydo.

"They know so much be wan axpayrience av marryin', that, barrin' it's a
widdy man that's in it, an' he knows as much as thimselves, they'll do for
him at wanst, bekase it's well undhershtood that a bach'ler, aither young
or owld, has as much show av outshtrappin' a widdy as a mouse agin a
weasel.

"Now, this Misther Dooley was an owld bach'ler, nigh on five an' thirty,
an' about fifteen years ago, come next Advint, he come from Cork wid a bit
o' money, an' tuk the farm beyant Misther McCoole's on the lift as ye come
out o' Galway. He wasn't a bad lookin' felly, an' liked the ladies, an'
the first time he was in chapel afther takin' the farm, aitch widdy an'
owld maid set the two eyes av her on him, an' the Widdy Mulligan says to
herself, says she, 'Faix, that's just the man to take the place av me dear
Dinnis,' fur, ye see, the widdys always do spake that-a-way av their
husbands, a-givin' thim the good word afther they're dead, so as to make
up fur the tongue lashin's they give 'em whin they're alive. It's quare,
so it is, phat widdys are like. Whin ye see a widdy at the wake schraimin'
fit to shplit yer head wid the noise, an' flingin' herself acrass the
grave at the berryin' like it was a bag o' male she was, an' thin spakin'
all the time av 'me poor dear hushband,' I go bail they lived together as
paceful as a barrel full o' cats an' dogs; no more is it sorrow that's in
it, but raimorse that's tarin' at her, an' the shquailin' an' kickin' is
beways av a pinnance fur the gostherin' she done him whin he was livin',
fur the more there's in a jug, the less noise it makes runnin' out, an'
whin ye've a heavy load to carry, ye nade all yer breath, an' so have none
to waste tellin' how it's breakin' yer back.

                    [Illustration: The Widdy Mulligan]

"So it was wid the Widdy Mulligan, that kept the Shamrock Inn, for her
Dinnis was a little ottomy av a gossoon, an' her the full av a dure, an'
the arrum on her like a smith an' the fut like a leg o' mutton. Och, she
was big enough thin, but she's a horse entirely now, wid the walk av a
duck, an' the cheeks av her shakin' like a bowl av shtirabout whin she
goes. Her poor Dinnis dar n't say his sowl belonged to him, but was
conthrolled be her, an' they do say his last words were, 'I'll have pace,'
that was phat he niver had afther he married her, fur she was wan that 'ud
be shmilin' an' shmilin' an' the tongue av her like a razer. She'd a good
bit o' property in the inn, siven beds in the house fur thravellers, an'
six childher, the oldest nigh onto twelve, an' from him on down in reg'lar
steps like thim in front o' the coort-house.

                   [Illustration: The Widdy O'Donnell]
                     [Illustration: Missis McMurthry]

"Now, a bit up the shtrate from the Shamrock there was a little shop kept
be Missis O'Donnell, the widdy av Tim O'Donnell, that died o' bein'
mortified in his legs that broke be his fallin' aff his horse wan night
whin he was comin' back from Athlone, where he'd been to a fair. Missis
O'Donnell was a wapin' widdy, that's got eyes like a hydrant, where ye can
turn on the wather whin ye plaze. Begorra, thim's the widdys that 'ull do
fur anny man, fur no more can ye tell phat's in their minds be lookin' at
their faces than phat kind av close they've got on be lookin' at their
shadders, an' whin they corner a man that's tinder-hearted, an' give a shy
look at him up out o' their eyes, an' thin look down an' sind two or three
dhrops o' wather from undher their eye-lashers, the only salvation fur him
is to get up an' run like it was a bag o' gunpowdher she was. So Missis
O'Donnell, whin she seen Misther Dooley, tuk the same notion into her head
that the Widdy Mulligan did, fur she'd two childher, a boy an' a gurrul,
that were growin' up, an' the shop wasn't payin' well.

"There was another widdy in it, the Widdy McMurthry, that aftherwards
married a sargeant av the polis, an' lives in Limerick. She was wan o'
thim frishky widdys that shtruts an' wears fine close an' puts on more
airs than a paycock. She was a fine-lookin' woman thim times, an' had
money in plinty that she got be marryin' McMurthry, that was owld enough
to be a father to her an' died o' dhrinkin' too much whishkey at first,
an' thin too much sulphur-wather at Lisdoon Varna to set him right agin.
She was always ready wid an answer to ye, fur it was quick witted she was,
wid slathers o' talk that didn't mane annything, an' a giggle that she
didn't nade to hunt fur whin she wanted it to make a show wid. An' she'd a
dawther that was a fine child, about siventeen, a good dale like her
mother.

"Now, Misther Dooley had a kind heart in his body fur wimmin in gineral,
an' as he liked a bit o' chaff wid thim on all occashuns, he wasn't long
in gettin' acquainted wid all the wimmin o' the parish, an' was well liked
be thim, an', be the same token, wasn't be the men, fur men, be nacher,
doesn't like a woman's man anny more than wimmin like a men's woman. But,
afther a bit, he begun to centher himself on the three widdys, an' sorra
the day' ud go by whin he come to town but phat he'd give wan or another
o' thim a pace av his comp'ny that was very plazin' to thim. Bedad, he
done that same very well, for he made a round av it for to kape thim in
suspince. He'd set in the ale room o' the Shamrock an hour in the
afthernoon an' chat wid the Widdy Mulligan as she was sarvin' the dhrink,
an' shtop in the Widdy O'Donnell's shop as he was goin' by, to get a
thrifle or a bit av shwates an' give to her childher beways av a
complimint, an' thin go to Missis McMurthry's to tay, an' so got on well
wid thim all. An' it's me belafe he'd be doin' that same to this blessed
day only that the widdys begun to be pressin' as not likin' fur to wait
anny longer. Fur, mind ye, a widdy's not like a young wan that'll wait fur
ye to spake, an' if ye don't do it, 'ull go on foriver, or till she gets
tired av waitin' an' takes some wan else that does spake, widout sayin' a
word to ye at all; but the widdy 'ull be hintin' an' hintin', an' her
hints 'ull be as shtrong as a donkey's kick, so that the head o' ye has to
be harder than a pavin'-shtone if ye don't undhershtand, an' ye've got to
have more impidince than a monkey if ye don't spake up an' say something
about marryin'.

"Well, as I was afther sayin', the widdys begun to be pressin' him clost:
the Widdy Mulligan tellin' him how good her business was an' phat a savin'
there'd be if a farm an' a public were put together; the Widdy O'Donnell
a-lookin' at him out av her tears an' sighin' an' tellin' him how lonely
he must be out on a farm an' nobody but a man wid him in the house, fur
she was lonesome in town, an' it wasn't natheral at all, so it wasn't, fur
aither man or woman to be alone; an' the Widdy McMurthry a palatherin' to
him that if he'd a fine, good-lookin' woman that loved him, he'd be a
betther man an' a changed man entirely. So they wint on, the widdys
a-comin' at him, an' he thryin' to kape wid thim all, as he might have
knewn he couldn't do (barrin' he married the three o' thim like a Turk),
until aitch wan got to undhershtand, be phat he said to her, that he was
goin' to marry her, an' the minnit they got this in their heads, aitch
begged him that he'd shtay away from the other two, fur aitch knewn he
wint to see thim all. By jayminy, it bothered him thin, fur he liked to
talk to thim all aiquelly, an' didn't want to confine his agrayble comp'ny
to anny wan o' thim. So he got out av it thish-a-way. He promised the
Widdy McMurthry that he'd not go to the Shamrock more than wanst in the
week, nor into the Widdy O'Donnell's barrin' he naded salt fur his cow;
an' said to the Widdy Mulligan that he'd not more than spake to Missis
O'Donnell whin he wint in, an' that he'd go no more at all to Missis
McMurthry's; an' he towld Missis O'Donnell that whin he wint to the
Shamrock he'd get his sup an' thin lave at wanst, an' not go to the Widdy
McMurthry's axceptin' whin his horse wanted to be shod, the blacksmith's
bein' ferninst her dure that it 'ud be convaynient fur him to wait at. So
he shmiled wid himself thinkin' he'd done thim complately, an' made up his
mind that whin his pitaties were dug he'd give up the farm an' get over
into County Clare, away from the widdys.

"But thim that think widdys are fools are desaved entirely, an' so was
Misther Dooley, fur instead av his throubles bein' inded, begob, they were
just begun. Ivery time he wint into the Shamrock Missis O'Donnell heard av
it an' raymonshtrated wid him, an' 'ud cry at him beways it was dhrinkin'
himself to death he was; afther lavin' the Shamrock, the Widdy Mulligan
'ud set wan av her boys to watch him up the strate an' see if he shtopped
in the shop. Av coorse he cudn't go by, an' whin he come agin, the Widdy
Mulligan 'ud gosther him about it, an' thin he'd promise not to do it
agin. No more cud he go in the Widdy O'Donnell's shop widout meetin'
Missis McMurthry's dawther that was always shtreelin' on the strate, an'
thin her mother 'ud say to him it was a power o' salt his cow was atin',
an' the Widdy O'Donnell towld him his horse must be an axpensive baste fur
to nade so much shooin'.

"Thin he'd tell thim a lot o' lies that they purtinded to belave an'
didn't, bekase they're such desavers thimselves that it isn't aisey fur to
do thim, but Dooley begun to think if it got anny hotter fur him he'd lave
the pitaties to the widdys to divide bechune thim as a raytribution fur
the loss av himself, an' go to Clare widout delay.

"While he'd this bother on him he got to know owld Miss Rooney, that lived
wid her mother an' father on the farm next but wan to his own, but on the
other side o' the way, an' the manes be which he got to know her was this.
Wan mornin', whin Dooley's man, Paddy, wint to milk the cow, bad scran to
the dhrop she'd to shpare, an' he pullin' an' pullin', like it was ringin'
the chapel bell he was, an' she kickin', an' no milk comin', faix not as
much as 'ud blind the eye av a midge. So he wint an' towld Misther Dooley.

"'I can get no milk,' says he. 'Begorra the cow's as dhry as a fiddler's
troat,' says he.

"'Musha, thin,' says Misther Dooley, 'it's the lazy omadhawn ye are. I
don't belave it. Can ye milk at all?' says he.

"'I can,' says Paddy, 'as well as a calf,' says he. 'But phat's the use ov
pullin'? Ye'd get the same quantity from a rope,' says he.

"So Dooley wint out an' thried himself an' didn't get as much as a shmell
of milk.

"'Phat's the matther wid the baste?' says he, 'an' her on the grass from
sun to sun.'

"'Be jakers,' says Paddy, 'it's my consate that she's bewitched.'

"'It's thrue fur ye,' says Dooley, as the like was aften knewn. 'Go you to
Misther Rooney's wid the pail an' get milk fur the calf, an' ax if there's
a Pishogue hereabouts.'

"So Paddy wint an' come back sayin' that the young lady towld him there
was.

"'So there's a young lady in it,' thinks Dooley. Faix, the love av
coortin' was shtrong on him. 'Did ye ax her how to raich the woman?'

"'Bedad, I didn't. I forgot,' says Paddy.

"'That's yerself entirely,' says Dooley to him agin. 'I'd betther thrust
me arriants to a four-legged jackass as to wan wid two. He'd go twict as
fast an' remimber as much. I'll go meself,' says he, only wantin' an
axcuse, an' so he did. He found Miss Rooney thried to be plazin', an' it
bein' convainient, he wint agin, an' so it was ivery day whin he'd go fur
the calf's milk he'd have a chat wid her, an' sometimes come over in the
avenin', bekase it wasn't healthy fur him in town just thin.

"But he wint to Owld Moll about the cow, an' the charm she gev him soon
made the baste all right agin, but, be that time, he'd got used to goin'
to Rooney's an' liked it betther than the town, bekase whinever he wint to
town he had to make so many axcuses he was afeared the widdys 'ud ketch
him in a lie.

"So he shtayed at home most times and wint over to Rooney's the rest, fur
it wasn't a bad job at all, though she was about one an' forty, an' had
give up the fight fur a husband an' so saiced strugglin'. As long as
they've anny hope, owld maids are the most praypostherous craythers alive,
fur they'll fit thimselves wid the thrappin's av a young gurrul an' look
as onaisey in thim as a boy wid his father's britches on. But whin they've
consinted to the sitiwation an' saiced to struggle, thin they begin to be
happy an' enjoy life a bit, but there's no aise in the worruld fur thim
till thin. Now Miss Rooney had gev up the contist an' plasthered her hair
down on aitch side av her face so smooth ye'd shwear it was ironed it was,
an' begun to take the worruld aisey.

"But there's thim that says an owld maid niver does give up her hope, only
lets on to be continted so as to lay in amboosh fur anny onsuspishus man
that happens to shtray along, an' faix, it looks that-a-way from phat I'm
goin' to tell ye, bekase as soon as Misther Dooley begun to come over an'
palather his fine talk to her an' say shwate things, thin she up an'
begins shtrugglin' harder nor iver, bekase it was afther she'd let go, an'
comin' onexpected-like she thought it was a dispinsation av Providence,
whin rayly it was only an accident it was, beways av Dooley's cow goin'
dhry an' the calf too young to lave suckin' an' ate grass.

"Annyhow, wan day, afther Misther Dooley had talked purty nice the avenin'
afore, she put an her cloak, an' wint to Owld Moll an' in an' shut the
dure.

"'Now, Moll,' she says to the owld cuillean, 'it's a long time since I've
been to ye, barrin' the time the goat was lost, fur, sure, I lost me
confidince in ye. Ye failed me twict, wanst whin John McCune forgot me
whin he wint to Derry an' thin come back an' married that Mary O'Niel, the
impidint young shtrap, wid the hair av her as red as a glowin' coal; an'
wanst whin Misther McFinnigan walked aff from me an' married the Widdy
Bryan. Now ye must do yer besht, fur I'm thinkin' that, wid a little
industhry, I cud get Misther Dooley, the same that the town widdys is so
flusthrated wid.'

"'An' does he come to see ye, at all?' says Moll.

"'Faith he does, an' onless I'm mishtaken is mightily plazed wid his
comp'ny whin it's me that's in it,' says Miss Rooney.

"'An' phat widdys is in it,' says Moll, as she didn't know, bekase sorra a
step did the widdys go to her wid their love doin's, as they naded no
help, an' cud thransact thim affairs thimselves as long as their tongues
held out.

"So Miss Rooney towld her, an' Moll shuk her head. 'Jagers,' says she,
'I'm afeared yer goose is cooked if all thim widdys is afther him. I won't
thry,' says she.

"But Miss Rooney was as much in airnest as the widdys, troth, I'm
thinkin', more, bekase she was fairly aitchin' fur a husband now she'd got
her mind on it.

"'Sure, Moll,' says she, 'ye wouldn't desart me now an' it me last show.
Thim widdys can marry who they plaze, bad scran to 'em, but if Misther
Dooley gets from me, divil fly wid the husband I'll get at all, at all,'
beginnin' to cry.

"So, afther a dale av palatherin', Moll consinted to thry, bein' it was
the third time Miss Rooney had been to her, besides, she wanted to save
her charackther for a knowledgeable woman. So she aggrade to do her best,
an' gev her a little bag to carry wid 'erbs in it, an' writ some words on
two bits av paper an' the same in Latin. It was an awful charm, no more do
I remimber it, fur it was niver towld me, nor to anny wan else, fur it was
too dreadful to say axceptin' in Latin an' in a whisper fur fear the avil
sper'ts 'ud hear it, that don't undhershtand thim dape langwidges.

"'Now, darlint,' says owld Moll, a-givin' her wan, 'take you this charm
an' kape it on you an' the bag besides, an' ye must manage so as this
other paper 'ull be on Misther Dooley, an' if it fails an' he don't marry
ye I'll give ye back yer money an' charge ye nothing at all,' says she.

"So Miss Rooney tuk the charms an' paid Owld Moll one pound five, an' was
to give her fifteen shillins more afther she was married to Dooley.

"She wint home, bothered entirely how she'd get the charm on Dooley, an'
the avenin' come, an' he wid it, an' shtill she didn't know. So he set an'
talked an' talked, an' by an' by he dhrunk up the rest av the whiskey an'
wather in his glass an' got up to go.

"'Why, Misther Dooley,' says she, bein' all at wanst shtruck be an idee.
'Was iver the like seen av yer coat?' says she. 'Sure it's tore in the
back. Sit you down agin wan minnit an' I'll mend it afore ye can light yer
pipe. Take it aff,' says she.

"'Axqueeze me,' says Dooley. 'I may be a bigger fool than I look, or I may
look a bigger fool than I am, but I know enough to kape the coat on me
back whin I'm wid a lady,' says he.

"'Then take a sate an' I'll sow it on ye,' says she to him agin, so he set
down afore the fire, an' she, wid a pair av shizzors an' a nadle, wint
behind him an' at the coat. 'Twas a sharp thrick av her, bekase she took
the shizzors, an' whin she was lettin' on to cut aff the t'reads that she
said were hangin', she ripped the collar, an' shlipped in the bit o'
paper, an' sowed it up as nate as a samesthress in less than no time.

"'It's much beholden to ye I am,' says Dooley, risin' wid his pipe lit.
'An' it's a happy man I'd be if I'd a young woman av yer size to do the
like to me ivery day.'

"'Glory be to God,' says Miss Rooney to herself, fur she thought the charm
was beginnin' to work. But she says to him, 'Oh, it's talkin' ye are. A
fine man like you can marry who he plazes.'

"So Dooley wint home, an' she, thinkin' the business as good as done,
towld her mother that night she was to marry Misther Dooley. The owld lady
cudn't contain herself or the saycret aither, so the next mornin' towld it
to her sister, an' she to her dawther that wint to school wid Missis
McMurthry's gurrul. Av coorse the young wan cudn't howld her jaw anny more
than the owld wans, an' up an' towld the widdy's dawther an' she her
mother an' the rest o' the town, so be the next day ivery wan knew that
Dooley was goin' to marry Miss Rooney: that shows, if ye want to shpread a
bit o' news wid a quickness aiquel to the tellygraph, ye've only to tell
it to wan woman as a saycret.

"Well, me dear, the noise the widdys made 'ud shtun a dhrummer. Dooley
hadn't been in town fur a week, an' widdys bein' nacherly suspishus, they
misthrusted that somethin' was wrong, but divil a wan o' thim thought he'd
do such an onmannerly thrick as that. But they all belaved it, bekase
widdys judge iverybody be themselves, so they were mighty mad.

"The Widdy McMurthry was first to hear the news, as her dawther towld her,
an' she riz in a fury. 'Oh the owdashus villin,' says she; 'to think av
him comin' here an' me listenin' at him that was lyin' fasther than a
horse 'ud throt. But I'll have justice, so I will, an' see if there's law
for a lone widdy. I'll go to the judge,' fur, I forgot to tell ye, it was
jail delivery an' the coort was settin' an' the judge down from Dublin wid
a wig on him the size av a bar'l.

"Whin they towld Missis O'Donnell, she bust out cryin' an' says, 'Sure it
can't be thrue. It isn't in him to desave a poor widdy wid only two
childher, an' me thrustin' on him,' so she wint into the back room an'
laid on the bed.

"But whin the Widdy Mulligan learned it, they thought she'd take a fit,
the face av her got so red an' she chokin' wid rage. 'Tatther an' agers,'
says she. 'If I only had that vagabone here five minnits, it's a long day
it 'ud be afore he'd desave another tinder-hearted faymale.'

"'Oh, be aisey,' says wan to her, 'faix, you're not the onliest wan that's
in it. Sure there's the Widdy O'Donnell an' Missis McMurthry that he's
desaved aiquelly wid yerself.'

"'Is that thrue?' says she; 'by this an' by that I'll see thim an' we'll
go to the judge an' have him in the prision. Sure the Quane's a widdy
herself an' knows how it feels, an' her judge 'ull take the part av widdys
that's misconshtrewed be a nagurly blaggârd like owld Dooley. Bad luck to
the seed, breed, an' generation av him. I cud mop up the flure wid him,
the divil roast him, an' if I lay me hands on him, I'll do it,' says she,
an' so she would; an' a blessing it was to Misther Dooley he was not in
town just thin, but at home, diggin' pitaties as fast as he cud, an'
chucklin' to himself how he'd send the pitaties to town be Paddy, an'
himself go to Clare an' get away from the whole tribe av widdys an' owld
maids.

"So the Widdy Mulligan wint afther the Widdy O'Donnell an' tuk her along,
an' they towld thim av the Widdy McMurthry an' how she was done be him,
an' they got her too, fur they all said, 'Sure we wouldn't marry him fur
him, but only want to see him punished fur misconshtructing phat we said
to him an' lying to us.' Be this time half the town was ready an' aiger to
go wid thim to the coort, an' so they did, an' in, wid the offishers
thryin' to kape thim out, an' the wimmin shovin' in, an' all their frinds
wid 'em, an' the shur'f callin' out 'Ordher in the coort,' an' the judge
lookin' over his shpectacles at thim.

"'Phat's this at all?' says the judge, wid a solemnious voice. 'Is it a
riat it is, or a faymale convulsion?'--whin he seen all the wimmin.
'Phat's the matther?' says he, an' wid that all the wimmin begun at wanst,
so as the noise av thim was aiquel to a 'viction.

"'Marcy o' God,' says the judge, 'phat's in the faymales at all? Are they
dishtracted entirely, or bewitched, or only dhrunk?' says he.

"'We're crazy wid graif, yer Lordshap,' they schraimed at him at wanst.
'It's justice we want agin the uppresser.'

"'Phat's the uppresser been a-doin'?' axed the judge.

"'Disthroyin' our pace, an' that av our families,' they said to him.

"'Who is the uppresser?' he axed.

"'Owld Dooley,' they all shouted at him at the wan time, like it was
biddin' at an auction they were.

"So at first the judge cudn't undhershtand at all, till some wan
whishpered the truth to him an' thin he scrotched his chin wid a pen.

"'Is it a man fur to marry all thim widdys? By me wig, he's a bowld wan.
Go an' fetch him,' he says to a consthable. 'Be sated, ladies, an' ye'll
have justice,' he says to the widdys, very p'lite. 'Turn out thim other
blaggârds,' he says to the shur'f, an' away wint the polisman afther
Dooley.

"He found him at home, wid his coat aff, an' him an' Paddy diggin' away at
the pitaties for dear life, bekase he wanted to get thim done.

"'Misther Dooley,' says the consthable to him, 'ye're me prish'ner. Come
along, ye must go wid me at wanst.'

"At first, Dooley was surprised in that degray he thought the life 'ud
lave him, as the consthable come up behind him on the quiet, so as to give
him no show to run away.

"'Phat for?' says Dooley to him, whin he'd got his wind agin.

"'Faix, I'm not sartain,' says the polisman, that wasn't a bad felly; 'but
I belave it's along o' thim widdys that are so fond o' ye. The three o'
thim's in the coort an' all the faymales in town, an' the judge sint me
afther ye, an' ye must come at wanst, so make ready to go immejitly.'

"'Don't go wid him,' says Paddy, wid his sleeves rowled up an' spitting in
his hands. 'Lave me at him,' says he, but Dooley wouldn't, bekase he was a
paceable man. But he wasn't anxshus to go to the coort at all; begob, he'd
all the coortin' he naded, but bein' there was no help fur it, he got his
coat, the same that Miss Rooney sowed the charm in, an' shtarted wid the
consthable.

"Now, it was that mornin' that owld Rooney was in town, thryin' to sell a
goat he had, that gev him no end o' throuble be losin' itself part of the
time an' the rest be jumpin' on the thatch an' stickin' its feet through.
But he cudn't sell it, as ivery wan knew the baste as well as himself, an'
so he was sober, that wasn't common wid him. Whin he seen the widdys an'
the other wimmin wid thim shtravigerin' through the strate on the way to
the coort an' heard the phillaloo they were afther makin', he axed phat
the matther was. So they towld him, an' says he, 'Be the powers, if it's a
question av makin' him marry some wan, me dawther has an inthrust in the
matther,' so he dhropped the goat's shtring an' shtarted home in a
lamplighter's throt to fetch her, an' got there about the time the
polisman nabbed Dooley.

"'There, they're afther goin' now,' says he to her. 'Make haste, or we'll
lose thim,' an' aff they run, she wid her charm an' he widout his coat,
grippin' a shillalee in his fisht, an' caught up wid Paddy that was
follerin' the polisman an' Dooley.

"So they jogged along, comfortable enough, the polisman an' Dooley in the
lade, afther thim owld Rooney an' Paddy, blaggârdin' the consthable ivery
fut o' the way, an' offerin' fur to bate him so as he wouldn't know
himself be lookin' in the glass, an' Miss Rooney in the rare, wondherin'
if the charm 'ud work right. But Dooley didn't let a word out av his jaw,
as knowin' he'd nade all his breath afther gettin' into the coort.

"At the rise o' the hill the pursesshun was met be about a hunderd o' the
town boys that come out fur to view thim, an' that yelled at Dooley how
the widdys were waitin' to tare him in paces, an' that he was as good as a
dead man a'ready, so he was; an' whin they got into town, all the men
jined the show, roarin' wid laughter an' shoutin' at Dooley that the judge
cudn't do anny more than hang him at wanst, an' to shtand it like a hayro,
bekase they'd all be at the hangin' an' come to the wake besides an' have
a tundherin' big time. But he answered thim niver a word, so they all wint
on to the coort, an' in, bringin' the other half o' the town wid 'em, the
faymale half bein' there kapin' comp'ny wid the widdys.

"The minnit they come nie the dure, all the widdys an' wimmin begun in wan
breath to make raimarks on thim.

"'A-a-a-ah, the hang-dog face he has,' says Missis McMurthry. 'Sure hasn't
he the look av a shape-thief on the road to the gallus?'

"'See the haythen vagabone,' says the Widdy Mulligan. 'If I had me tin
fingers on him for five minnits, it's all the satiswhackshun I'd ax. Bad
cess to the hair I'd lave on the head av him or in his whushkers aither.'

"But the Widdy O'Donnell only cried, an' all the wimmin turned their noses
up whin they seen Miss Rooney comin' in.

[Illustration: "OULD ROONEY AN' PADDY BLAGGARDIN' THE CONSTHABLE IVERY FUT
                              O' THE WAY."]

 "OULD ROONEY AN' PADDY BLAGGARDIN' THE CONSTHABLE IVERY FUT O' THE WAY."


"'Look at that owld thing,' says they. 'Phat a power av impidince! Mind
the consate av her to be comin' here wid him. Sure she hasn't the shame av
a shtone monkey,' says they av her.

"'Silence in the coort,' says the shur'f. 'Stop that laughin' be the dure.
Git along down out o' thim windys,' says he to the mob that Dooley an' the
consthable brought wid thim.

"'Misther Dooley,' says the judge, 'I'm axed to b'lave ye're thryin' to
marry four wimmin at wanst, three av the same aforeshed bein' widdys an'
the other wan not. Is it thrue, or do ye plade not guilty?' says he.

"'It's not thrue, yer Lordshap,' says Dooley, shpakin' up, bekase he seen
he was in for it an' put on a bowld face. 'Thim widdys is crazy to get a
husband, an' misconsayved the manin' o' me words,' says he, an' that
minnit you'd think a faymale lunattic ashylum broke loose in the coort.

"They all gabbled at wanst like a field av crows. They said he was a
haythen, a Toork, a vulgar shpalpeen, a lyin' blaggârd, a uppresser av the
widdy, a robber av the orphin, he was worse than a nagur, he was, so he
was, an' they niver thought av belavin' him, nor av marryin' him aither
till he axed thim, an' so on.

"The judge was a married man himself an' knewn it was no use thryin' to
shtop the gostherin,' for it was a joke av him to say that the differ
bechuxt a woman an' a book was you cud shut up a book, so he let thim go
on till they were spint an' out o' breath an' shtopped o' thimselves like
an owld clock that's run down.

"'The sintince av this coort, Misther Dooley, is, that ye marry wan av 'em
an' make compinsation to the other wans in a paycoonyary way be payin'
thim siven poun' aitch.'

"'Have marcy, yer Lordshap,' says Dooley, bekase he seen himself shtripped
av all he had. 'Make it five poun', an' that's more than I've got in
money.'

"'Siven pound, not a haporth less,' says the judge. 'If ye haven't the
money ye can pay it in projuice. An' make yer chice bechune the wimmin who
ye'll marry, as it's married ye'll be this blessed day, bekase ye've gone
too long a'ready,' says the judge, very starn, an' thin the widdys all got
quite, an' begun to be sorry they gev him so many hard names.

"'Is it wan o' the widdys must I marry?' says Dooley, axin' the judge, an'
the charm in his coller beginnin' to work hard an' remind him av Miss
Rooney, that was settin' on wan side, trimblin'.

"'Tare an' 'ouns,' says the judge. 'Bad luck to ye, ye onmannerly idjit,'
as he was gettin' vexed wid Dooley, that was shtandin', scrotchin' the
head av him like he was thryin' to encourage his brains. 'Wasn't it wan o'
the wimmin that I tould ye to take?' says he.

"'If that's phat yer Lordshap says, axin' yer pardin an' not misdoubtin'
ye, if it's plazin' to ye, bedad, I'll take the owld maid, bekase thim
widdys have got a sight av young wans, an' childher are like toothpicks,
ivery man wants his own an' not another felly's.' But he had another razon
that he towld to me afther; says he, 'If I've got to have a famly, be
jakers, I want to have the raisin' av it meself,' an' my blessin' on him
for that same.

"But whin he was spakin' an' said he'd take Miss Rooney, wid that word she
fainted away fur dead, an' was carried out o' the coort be her father an'
Paddy.

"So it was settled, an' as Dooley didn't have the money, the widdys
aggrade to take their pay some other way. The Widdy Mulligan tuk the
pitaties he was diggin' whin the polisman gripped him, as she said they'd
kape the inn all winter. The Widdy McMurthry got his hay, which come
convaynient, bekase her brother kep post horses an' tuk the hay av her at
two shillins undher the market. Missis O'Donnell got the cow that made all
the throuble be goin' dhry at the wrong time, an' bein' it was a good cow
was vally'd at tin poun'; so she gev him three poun', an' was to sind him
the calf whin it was weaned. So the widdys were all paid for bein' wounded
in their hearts be Misther Dooley, an' a good bargain they made av it,
bekase a widdy's affections are like gârden weeds, the more ye thrample
thim the fasther they grow.

"Misther Dooley got Miss Rooney, an' she a husband, fur they pulled her
out av her faint wid a bucket o' wather, an' the last gossoon in town wint
from the coort to the chapel wid Miss Rooney an' Misther Dooley, the
latther crassin' himself ivery minnit an' blessin' God ivery step he tuk
that it wasn't the jail he was goin' to, an' they were married there wid a
roarin' crowd waitin' in the strate fur to show thim home. But they
sarcumvinted thim, bekase they wint out the back way an' through Father
O'Donohue's gârden, an' so home, lavin' the mob howlin' before the chapel
dure like wild Ingines.

"An' that's the way the owld maid defated three widdys, that isn't often
done, no more would she have done it but for owld Moll an' the charm in
Dooley's coat. But he's very well plazed, an' that I know, for afther me
first wife died, her I was tellin' ye av, I got the roomytics in me back
like tin t'ousand divils clawin' at me backbone, an' I made me mind up
that I'd get another wife, bekase I wanted me back rubbed, sence it 'ull
be chaper, says I, to marry some wan to rub it than to pay a boy to do
that same. So I was lookin' roun' an' met Misther Dooley an' spake av it
to him, an' good luck it 'ud have been if I'd tuk his advice, but I
didn't, bein' surrounded be a widdy afther, that's rubbed me back well fur
me only wid a shtick. But says he to me, 'Take you my advice Misther
Magwire, an' whin ye marry, get you an owld maid, if there's wan to be had
in the counthry. Gurruls is flighty an' axpectin' too much av ye, an'
widdys is greedy buzzards as ye've seen be my axpayrience, but owld maids
is humble, an' thankful for gettin' a husband at all, God bless 'em, so
they shtrive to plaze an' do as ye bid thim widout grumblin' or axin'
throublesome questions.'"

             [Illustration: "A good bargain they made av it"]








*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH WONDERS ***


    

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United
States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part
of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™
concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following
the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use
of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation
of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project
Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may
do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected
by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark
license, especially commercial redistribution.


START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE

PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works

1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound
by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person
or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™
electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual
works in the collection are in the public domain in the United
States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the
United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting
free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™
works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily
comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the
same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when
you share it without charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no
representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other
immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear
prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work
on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the
phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed,
performed, viewed, copied or distributed:

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
    other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
    whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
    of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
    at www.gutenberg.org. If you
    are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws
    of the country where you are located before using this eBook.
  
1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is
derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the
copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in
the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply
either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or
obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™
trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works
posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the
beginning of this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.

1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access
to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format
other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official
version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

    • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
        the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method
        you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed
        to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has
        agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project
        Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid
        within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are
        legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty
        payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project
        Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in
        Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg
        Literary Archive Foundation.”
    
    • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
        you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
        does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
        License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
        copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue
        all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™
        works.
    
    • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of
        any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
        electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
        receipt of the work.
    
    • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
        distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.
    

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project
Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than
are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing
from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project
Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™
electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may
contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate
or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right
of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium
with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you
with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in
lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If
the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
without further opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement
violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the
agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or
limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or
unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the
remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in
accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the
production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses,
including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this
or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or
additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any
Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™

Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see
Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,
Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread
public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state
visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works

Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.