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Title: American Unitarian Hymn Writers and Hymns Author: Henry Wilder Foote Release date: December 30, 2016 [eBook #53833] Language: English Credits: Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN UNITARIAN HYMN WRITERS AND HYMNS *** Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net American Unitarian Hymn Writers and Hymns Compiled by Henry Wilder Foote for the Hymn Society of America for publication in the Society's proposed Dictionary of American Hymnology _Contents_: (1) Historical Sketch of American Unitarian Hymnody. (Pages 1-11) (2) Catalogue of American Unitarian Hymn Books. (Pages 12-36) (3) Alphabetical List of Writers. (Pages 37-39) (4) Biographical Sketches, with Notes on Hymns. (Pages 40-247) (5) Index of First Lines of Published Hymns. (Pages 248-270) Cambridge, Massachusetts January, 1959 I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the Misses Ruth and Orlo McCormack in the preparation of this compilation. H.W.F. _AMERICAN UNITARIAN HYMNODY_ In the first edition of Julian's _Dictionary of Hymnology_ (1891) F. M. Bird[1] wrote, "The Unitarians--possessing a large share of the best blood and brain of the most cultivated section of America--exhibit a long array of respectable hymnists whose effusions have often won the acceptance of other bodies," (pp. 58-59). And in this century Louis F. Benson[2] in his classic book _The English Hymn_ (p. 460) wrote, "It is not surprizing that a body including the best blood and highest culture of Massachusetts shared in the Literary Movement [of the 19^th century] and succeeded in imparting to its hymn books a freshness of interest in great contrast to those of the orthodox churches" and that "from their [the compilers'] hands there proceeded ---- a series of hymn books whose literary interest was very notable" (p. 462). This succession of Unitarian hymn writers over a period of approximately 150 years can best be traced in the nearly 50 hymn books compiled by individuals or committees for use in Unitarian churches.[3] The editors of these books were among the best educated men of their time, who knew where to look for fresh lyrical utterances of a living faith. The earliest of them lived in the period when the traditional metrical psalms which, for more than two centuries, had been almost the only worship-song of the English speaking world, were being slowly superseded by the songs of a new age. These songs they chiefly found in the various hymn-books published for use in English Non-conformist chapels when the Church of England still generally adhered to the Old or New Versions of the Psalms. It was from these sources that Jeremy Belknap first introduced to Americans the hymns of Anne Steele, and included in his _Sacred Poetry_ (1795) hymns by Addison, Cowper, Newton, Doddridge and other English contemporaries. When, in 1808, the vestry of Trinity Church, Boston, impatient at the delay of the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in getting out a hymnal, issued one for their own use, they drew heavily upon Belknap's collection, saying in their preface "In this selection we are chiefly indebted to Dr. Belknap, whose book unquestionably contains the best expressions of sacred poetry extant." Many of the later collections in this series of Unitarian hymn books have been no less notable for their introduction to use in this country of new English hymns, such as Pope's "Father of all, in every age;" Sir Walter Scott's "When Israel of the Lord beloved;" translations of hymns in the Roman Breviary; Sarah Flower Adams' "Nearer, my God, to Thee" (only three years after its publication in England); and Newman's "Lead, kindly Light;" and for the ability of their compilers to discover fresh materials near at hand, as when Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson were the first to notice the hymnic possibilities of Whittier's poems. The story of American Unitarian hymnody begins with the publication in 1783 of the _Collection of Hymns--designed for the use of the West Society of Boston._ This church belonged to the liberal wing of New England Congregationalism, destined to become known as Unitarian a generation later. The book contained a small selection of traditional psalms and hymns by British authors and a number of quaintly didactic moral ditties in doggerel, presumably contributed by Boston versifiers who cannot now be identified. The first group of Unitarian hymn-writers whose names are known and whose productions have survived did not begin to write until the opening decades of the 19^th century. Of this group the earliest born was John Quincy Adams, (1767-1848), best remembered as the sixth President of the United States. That he was also a hymn writer, and the only president of the country who was one, has generally been forgotten. Two or three hymns by him were written earlier but most of them came from the period following his retirement from the presidency in 1829. Soon after that event he wrote one for the 200^th anniversary of the First Church in Quincy, of which he was a member, and later in life he composed a metrical paraphrase of the whole Book of Psalms. When Dr. Lunt, minister of the Quincy church, was preparing his _Christian Psalter_, 1841, Mrs. Adams put into his hands the mss. of her husband's poems, and Lunt included in his book five hymns and seventeen psalms by his distinguished parishioner. None of them rose above the level of respectable verse but his version of Psalm 43 survived in one or more hymn books 100 years later. Rev. John Pierpont (1785-1866) was a poet of considerable abilities whose verses were in demand for special occasions and whose hymns were the best lyrical expressions of the developing new thought in religion. W. Garrett Horder, the English hymnologist, wrote that Pierpont's hymn of universal praise was "the earliest really great hymn I have found by an American author." It is still in use, as are two others by him. Prof. Andrews Norton (1786-1853) of the Harvard Divinity School, published a hymn as early as 1809 and a good deal of verse in later years, much of it in a rather sombre introspective mood, but with one fine hymn still in use. He was followed by Rev. Nathaniel Langdon Frothingham (1793-1870) who wrote a good many hymns for special occasions, one of which survives today, and by Rev. Henry Ware, Jr. (1794-1843) who wrote a number of hymns highly valued as utterances of the religious idealism of the period, but long since dropped from use, except for an excellent one for the dedication of an organ, probably the only hymn in the English language written expressly for such an occasion. William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878), a lay man of letters, was another of the elder members of the famous group of New England poets of the 19^th century, and as early as 1820 he contributed 5 hymns to Sewall's _New York Collection_, published in that year, and he later wrote others. The latest born of this first group who attained memorable distinction in this field was Rev. Frederic Henry Hedge (1805-1890), whose earliest hymn, still in use, was written in 1829, but who is best known for his great translation of Luther's "Ein' feste Burg," and for a fine Good Friday hymn. He collaborated with Rev. Frederic Dan Huntington[4] (1819-1904) then the college preacher at Harvard, in compiling _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, (1853), to which Huntington contributed five hymns, none now in use. Their book was the last and best of the various _Collections_ published up to the middle of the century by editors who belonged to what was becoming the conservative wing of the denomination, to whom Emerson's _Divinity School Address_ of 1838 seemed dangerously radical. But meantime a new era in Unitarian hymnody was opening with the publication in 1846 of the _Book of Hymns_ edited by Samuel Longfellow (1819-1891) and Samuel Johnson (1822-1882), while they were still studying in the Harvard Divinity School. Both had come under the influence of the Transcendentalist movement which was liberalizing Unitarian thought and they eagerly sought out hymns which were fresh expressions of their youthful outlook on religion. The book was notable for the new sources of hymns which they discovered, among them the poems of John Greenleaf Whittier, which they were the first to introduce into a hymn book. Their _Book of Hymns_ was followed in 1864 by their larger and even more influential _Hymns of the Spirit_, which includes most of their own hymns and many by other Unitarian writers of the period, too numerous to name here, but whose hymns are listed in the catalogue of writers appended to this introductory sketch. Samuel Johnson wrote only half a dozen hymns, but they are among the finest in the language. Samuel Longfellow wrote many more, the best of which are quite equal to Johnson's, and together they made a more important contribution to American Unitarian hymnody than that of any other writers in the middle of the 19^th century. This was the period of "the flowering of New England literature" and two of its poets, besides those already named, made their contribution to hymnody. The more important of the two was Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, (1809-1894) with half a dozen fine and widely used hymns, and Prof. James Russell Lowell (1819-1891) who, strictly speaking, was hardly a hymn writer at all, but from whose poems two or three have been quarried. Two other writers of this period were Rev. Edmund Hamilton Sears (1810-1876) and his niece, Miss Eliza Scudder (1819-1896). Sears wrote two Christmas hymns widely used throughout the English speaking world. Miss Scudder wrote half a dozen hymns in a mystical vein of the highest quality, but in temperament and outlook both writers belong more to the earlier period of Unitarian thought than to that prevalent in their later lifetime. In this mid-century period should also be included the famous war-time hymn by Mrs. Julia Ward Howe (1819-1910), "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord," written in 1861 to provide worthier words than "John Brown's body" for the popular tune "Glory, Hallelujah", which had been composed a few years earlier for a Sunday School in Charleston, South Carolina. A third period in Unitarian hymnody began with the appearance of hymns by three good friends, Rev. John White Chadwick (1840-1906), Rev. Frederic Lucian Hosmer (1840-1929) and Rev. William Channing Gannett (1840-1923), who carried forward in the last third of the century the broadly theistic interpretation of a universal religion to which Longfellow and Johnson had given utterance. Chadwick's first hymn was written in 1864 for the graduation of his class from the Harvard Divinity School, a great hymn of brotherhood, widely used in England as well as here. A half-dozen others of fine quality have survived. Hosmer and Gannett worked together in bringing out their book _The Thought of God in Hymns and Poems_, 1885, 1894, and _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, 1911. Neither wrote any hymns while in the Divinity School, but both began to do so soon after. In 1873 Gannett wrote a fine one which is probably the earliest in the language to give a religious interpretation to the then controversial doctrine of evolution, and later a half dozen others to which deep feeling is expressed in beautiful lyrical verse. Hosmer, however, was a much more prolific writer, producing more than 40 hymns which have had some use. He was a meticulous craftsman who studied the technique of hymn-writing, and several of his hymns are among the finest in the language. Canon Dearmer, a leading authority on hymnody in the Church of England, included seven of them in his _Songs of Praise_ and calls one of them "this flawless poem, one of the completest expressions of religious faith," and says another is "one of the noblest hymns in the language." For approximately 40 years, c. 1880-1920, Hosmer was the outstanding hymn writer in the English speaking world, and he left no successor who was his equal in the perfection of his finest hymns. A smaller but important contribution to the Unitarian hymnody of this period was made by Rev. Theodore Chickering Williams (1855-1915) who, while still a student in the Harvard Divinity School wrote one of the best ordination hymns in the language, and, in later years, eight others, still in use, which are religious poetry of a high order. The latest period in Unitarian hymnody, covering the last half-century, is notable for the productions of two writers, Rev. Marion Franklin Ham (1867-1957) and Rev. John Haynes Holmes, (1879-still living). Although he had published a volume of poems in 1896 Dr. Ham did not begin to write hymns until 1911, but thereafter he produced a succession of beautiful religious lyrics, eight or ten of which have come into use. Some of them are utterances of a profound mystical insight akin to that of Eliza Scudder, but others are expressions of a world-wide theism, and one has been translated into Japanese. Rev. John Haynes Holmes has been a more prolific writer, author of about 45 hymns, many written for special occasions, but 10 or 15 others have come into general and widespread use. His hymns are in a quite different key from those of Dr. Ham's quiet mysticism, generally being stirring calls to social justice and the service of mankind, though a few are hymns of gratitude for the simple joys of life. While he has infrequently attained the felicity of phrasing which results in a memorable line his hymns are cast in vigorous and often stirring verse, expressing a noble altruism and a wholesome attitude towards life. M. F. Ham and J. H. Holmes are the latest notable figures in this era of 150 years since the beginning of American Unitarian hymnody, throughout which scores of lesser writers have also contributed their offerings to the main stream. These writers are far too numerous to name in this outline sketch but their thumbnail biographies and notations as to their hymns will be found in the following catalogue. A survey of this whole era discloses the evolution in liberal religious thought from the period when the emphasis was on the sinfulness of man and the redemptive function of the Christian Church, to the vision of a world wide religion taking in many forms, and manifested in that service of mankind which found expression in the "social gospel" in the first half of this century. The production of so great a number of fine hymns (and of a long series of hymn books of a superior type) over so long a period, by persons belonging to one of the smallest Protestant denominations, commonly considered coldly intellectual rather than emotional in its approach to religion, is a phenomenon unique in the history of hymnody. When the first edition of the _Pilgrim Hymnal_ was published in 1910 it listed both the nationality and the church membership of the authors included, which led to the disclosure that nearly half the American authors were Unitarians who had contributed considerably more than half the hymns of American authorship. In answer to critics Dr. Washington Gladden replied that this was due to the simple fact that the Unitarians had written a larger number of the best hymns than had the American writers in other denominations. Canon Dearmer in England observed the same fact and was puzzled to explain it. The explanation, however, is a simple one. With the exception of a relatively small number of writers born in other parts of the country and with different backgrounds, these Unitarian authors were men brought up in the atmosphere of the so-called "New England Renaissance," that literary revival of which Boston, Cambridge and Concord were the chief centres in the 19^th century, and they belonged by blood, by education and by social ties to the New England literary group. The majority were also graduates of Harvard College or Harvard Divinity School, or both, in a period when the spirit of the time was most favorable to the stimulation of poetic gifts, and in a place where the intellectual level was high and there was freedom from any dogmatic control.[5] Thus they had the culture and the warmth of atmosphere needed, and the Divinity School had the admirable custom of encouraging students to write a hymn for the annual graduation exercises or for the School's Christmas service, and so stimulated their poetic gifts. Thanks to these favorable circumstances what has been called "the Harvard school of hymnody" has had no equal in the English speaking world, the only comparable institution being Trinity College, Cambridge, England, which, for a much briefer period (1820-1845) was the nursing mother of a notable succession of Anglican hymn writers. It was this fact which led W. Garrett Horder, an English Congregationalist who was also a highly competent hymnologist, to write, "Harvard, like our English Cambridge, has been 'a nest of singing birds'. I was struck by this when editing _The Treasury of American Sacred Songs_. Harvard provided the bulk ---- of the verse I included." And other orthodox authorities, notably F. M. Bird and Louis F. Benson, already quoted, have borne witness to the high achievements of both the editors of the long succession of Unitarian hymn books and the authors of the hymns which they included. _Catalogue of American Unitarian Hymn Books._ compiled by Henry Wilder Foote and reprinted (with revisions) from the Proceedings of the Unitarian Historical Society, May, 1938, by permission. In the 17^th century, and down to the middle of the 18^th, all churches of the Congregational order in New England used the _Bay Psalm Book_, first printed in Cambridge in 1640, except for the use of Ainsworth's _Psalter_ in the churches of the Plymouth Plantation and in the First Church in Salem for a part of the 17^th century. In the latter part of the 18^th century, the _Bay Psalm Book_ was gradually superseded by either the New Version of the Psalms (Tate and Brady) or, more generally, by one of the editions of _Watts and Select_, i.e. Isaac Watts' _Psalms and Hymns_, with a supplement of hymns selected from other authors. The first steps away from the Psalm books in general use were taken by two churches which were in the vanguard of the rising liberalism of the last half of the 18^th century. In 1782 the West Church in Boston published _A Collection of Hymns, more particularly designed for the Use of the West Society in Boston_ (1),[6] and in 1788 the East Church in Salem published _A Collection of Hymns for Publick Worship_, (2). These two books were of only local significance, but they clearly pointed the way which later publications were to follow. In 1795 Rev. Jeremy Belknap brought out his _Sacred Poetry_ (3), which was an attempt to produce a book which should be acceptable to both the liberal and the orthodox wings of Congregationalism. In this purpose it failed, though it was widely used by Unitarians. The succeeding books were more definitely Unitarian in character and illustrate the changing emphasis in religious thought and practice through five generations of religious liberals. They form a notable series, for most of them attained a literary standard and spiritual outlook higher than that of other contemporary hymn books. The earlier books in this series were very imperfectly edited, judged by modern standards. Some of them contain no preface and no indication as to the identity of the compiler. In other cases, the compiler is indicated by initials. In some cases the names of the authors of hymns are not given at all, in others only the surname, when known, and there are frequent mistaken attributions. Directions as to the music are usually lacking, the metre of each hymn alone being indicated. In some cases the names of suitable tunes are given, but only one book (18) earlier than 1868 included any music, in that case an appendix of twenty-one tunes in two parts at the back of the book. The first American Unitarian hymn book to be printed with a tune on each page was the American Unitarian Association's _Hymn and Tune Book_ of 1868 (34). Thereafter few books appeared without tunes, but half-a-dozen other collections with music were published in the next forty years, each of which had considerable use. It will be noted that in the course of the 19^th century no less than thirty-six different hymn-books appeared, a far larger number than any other American denomination can show for the same period, and illustrative of the extreme individualism of the Unitarian churches. Throughout the middle third of the century Greenwood's _Collection_ (13), the _Springfield Collection_ (14), and the _Cheshire Collection_ (20), had the widest use, followed in the last third of the century by the _Hymn and Tune Books_ (34) and (36) of the American Unitarian Association, but all the other collections had some local vogue, in some cases only for a brief period or only in those churches the ministers of which had compiled the collections in question. As late, however, as the beginning of the 20^th century, at least eight different hymn-books were in use in the Unitarian churches of the United States and Canada. This diversity of usage declined rapidly after the publication of _The New Hymn and Tune Book_ (45) in 1914, and had practically disappeared by the time when that book's successor, _Hymns of the Spirit_ (48) was published in 1937. BIBLIOGRAPHY Copies of at least one edition of each of the following books are in the Historical Library of the American Unitarian Association, 25 Beacon Street, Boston, except in the cases noted. 1. _A Collection of Hymns, more particularly designed for the Use of the West Society in Boston_--Boston, 1782; 2nd ed., 1803; 3rd ed., 1806; 4th ed., 1813. The editor is said to have been Rev. Simeon Howard (1733-1804), (See Bentley's _Diary_, II, 371), Jonathan Mayhew's successor as minister of the West Church. Mayhew's congregation was notably liberal and this book represents the first step away from psalm-books of the traditional type. It contains 166 hymns, including a number of classics by Watts, Barbauld, Addison, etc. The tone in general is ethical rather than theological, and many of the hymns are moral precepts in mediocre verse, some, at least, probably of local production, but the authors cannot be identified as no author is named; there is no preface, and the compiler's name is not given. Note:--The American Unitarian Association does not own a copy. There is one in the Congregational Library, 14 Beacon Street, Boston. 2. _A Collection of Hymns for Publick Worship_--Salem; n.d. (1788) Edited by Rev. William Bentley (1750-1819) of the East Church, Salem, Mass., and used there until superseded in 1843 by Flint's _Collection_ (17). There is no preface and the compiler's name is not given. There are no musical directions except the metre of each hymn. The book consists of two parts, the first containing 40 psalms "according to Tate and Brady's Version," arranged by metre; the second containing 163 hymns of high quality, including many of the classics of the period. The book is much superior to No. 1, but had little use outside the church for which it was intended, perhaps because Bentley, though one of the earliest outspoken Unitarians, was _persona non grata_ in a Federalist stronghold on account of his political opinions. Note:--The American Unitarian Association does not own a copy. There is one at The Essex Institute, Salem, Mass. 3. _Sacred Poetry: consisting of Psalms and Hymns adapted to Christian devotion in publick and private. Selected from the best authors, with variations and additions_--By Jeremy Belknap, D.D., Boston, 1795. Many editions. Some included a supplement of _Hymns for the Lord's Supper, selected and original_, (7) prepared by Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris, minister of the First Church in Dorchester, 1801. In 1812 an edition appeared with 28 additional hymns, "Selected by the successor of the Rev. Author," i.e. by W. E. Channing. Dr. Belknap (1744-1798) was the first Congregational minister of the Federal Street Church (his predecessors having been Presbyterians), and his immediate successor was William Ellery Channing. Belknap endeavored to compile a collection which should serve both the orthodox and the liberal wings of the New England Congregationalism of his day. In his preface he says, "In this selection, those Christians who do not scruple to sing praises to their Redeemer and Sanctifier, will find materials for such a sublime enjoyment; whilst others, whose tenderness of conscience may oblige them to confine their addresses to the Father only, will find no deficiency of matter suited to their idea of the chaste and awful spirit of devotion." Belknap, however, failed in his attempt to produce a compromise book, as it found favor only in the liberal churches, which used it for some forty years. The book contains 150 psalms, selected from versions by Tate and Brady, Watts, and others, often "with variations"; and 300 hymns, widely selected from English sources, including Pope's "Universal Prayer" (altered), Helen Maria Williams' "While Thee I seek, protecting Power," hymns by Cowper, Newton, Doddridge, Merrick, Addison, Anne Steele and others. Belknap introduced Anne Steele's hymns to Americans. There are no hymns by Charles Wesley, and the only hymns of American authorship appear to be Mather Byles' "When wild confusion rends the air," and a metrical version of Psalm 65 by Jacob Kimball. There are no musical directions save the metre of each hymn and the key. "The characters denoting the sharp or flat key are prefixed to each psalm or hymn, at my request, by the Rev. Dr. Morse, of Charlestown." The book was much the best of its period. When, in 1808, the vestry of Trinity Church, Boston, impatient at the delay of the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in getting out a hymnal, issued one for their own use, they drew heavily on Belknap's, saying in their preface, "In this selection we are chiefly indebted to Dr. Belknap, whose book unquestionably contains the best specimens of sacred poetry extant." 4. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for public worship._--Boston, 1799; edited by Rev. James Freeman (1759-1825). 2nd ed., 1813. This was the first of the hymn-books prepared for use in King's Chapel, Boston, where it was used for 30 years until succeeded by Greenwood's _Collection_ (13). No preface; no musical directions except that the metre is indicated. The names of some authors are given in the index of first lines. The book contains 155 psalms, or parts of psalms, "selected principally from Tate and Brady," followed by 90 hymns and 8 doxologies. The collection is decidedly inferior to that of Belknap (3) in range and quality. Note:--The American Unitarian Association does not own a copy, but King's Chapel does. 5. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns_--by William Emerson, A.M., Pastor of the First Church in Boston; Boston, 1808. Rev. William Emerson (1769-1811) was the father of Ralph Waldo Emerson. His book is more handsomely printed than most hymn books of the period and contains 150 hymns. It was very liberal in tone and was assailed by the orthodox for having omitted hymns on several of "the most essential doctrines of Christianity." Its most notable feature was its endeavor to improve the singing by "prefixing to each psalm and hymn the name of a tune, well composed and judicially chosen" as "a valuable auxiliary to musical bands. No American hymn-book has hitherto offered this aid to the performers of psalmody." The key in which the tune is set and the metre are also indicated at the head of each hymn. There is also an interesting "Index of Tunes, and Musical Authors," with references to the various collections in which the recommended tunes may be found. As this list of collections of tunes was prepared by a person particularly interested in promoting good music it is here reprinted as indicating the best available sources at the time: Mass. Com., Massachusetts Compiler; Sal. Coll., Salem Collection; Lock H. Coll., Lock's Hospital Collection; Sac. Min., Sacred Minstrel; B.C.M., Beauties of Church Music; Psal. Evan., Psalmodia Evangelica; F. C. Coll., First Church Collection; Suff. Selec., Suffolk Selection; Bos. Selec., Boston Selection; Newb't Coll., Newburyport Collection; Mus. Olio, Musical Olio; Col. Repos., Columbian Repository; B. Coll., Bridgewater Collection. While this book thus made the selection of tunes easier than did most of its contemporaries, it is needless to point out how inconvenient it was not to have the tunes in the same book with the words. With all its excellencies the book had small use, being rather too far in advance of its time. 6. _A Selection of Sacred Poetry consisting of Psalms and Hymns from Watts, Doddridge, Merrick, Scott, Cowper, Barbauld, Steele and others_--Philadelphia, 1812; 2nd ed., 1818; 3rd ed., 1828; 4th ed., 1846. Edited by Ralph Eddowes (1751-1833) and James Taylor (1769-1844) two laymen of the church in Philadelphia in which Joseph Priestley had preached after coming to America, but which remained without a settled minister until Rev. W. H. Furness was installed in 1825. A good collection of 606 psalms and hymns, from varied English sources, as indicated by the following quotation from preface:--"The Society of Unitarian Christians in Philadelphia, from its first formation, has used, in its public devotional exercises, the collection of hymns and psalms made by the Rev. Doctors Kippis and Rees, and Messrs. Jervis and Morgan.... A late collection by the Rev. Mr. Aspland, of Hackney, has also afforded assistance, of which advantage has been freely taken; and by resorting to another, published in 1789 by the Rev. Messrs. Ash and Evans of Bristol, this work has been enriched with several pieces of Mrs. Steele's exquisitely beautiful and highly devotional poetry." 7. _Hymns for the Lord's Supper_, Original and Selected. [edited] by Thaddeus Mason Harris, D.D., Boston; printed by Sewall Phelps, no. 5 Court Street, 1820; 2nd ed., 1821. In 1801 Rev. Thaddeus M. Harris, minister of the First Church in Dorchester, Mass., printed a few hymns for use at the Lord's Supper, and these formed the basis for this enlarged collection published in 1820. This edition contains original hymns by Rev. John Pierpont of Boston, Rev. Samuel Gilman of Charleston, S. C., and others, none of them in use today. The booklet probably had more circulation for private reading than for public use. 8. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns, for social and private worship_--New York, 1820; 2nd ed., 1827; 4th ed., 1845. Compiled by Dr. Henry D. Sewall, one of the laymen who founded the First Congregational Society of New York, now All Souls Church, which was organized in 1819. Commonly called "the New York Collection." It contains 504 psalms and hymns arranged in three sections in alphabetical order of first lines. There are no musical directions except that the metre of each hymn is indicated. The Collection is chiefly notable for the inclusion, without the author's name, of five original hymns by William Cullen Bryant, a member of the congregation, who had written them at the instance of Miss Sedgwick. The fourth edition, 1845, made some substitutions and added 146 hymns to the original number. 9. _A Selection of Psalms and Hymns, for social and private worship_--Andover, 1821; 2nd ed., Cambridge, 1824; 11th ed., Boston, 1832. Edited by Jonathan Peele Dabney (1793-1868), a graduate of Harvard who had studied for the ministry but was never ordained. The book was smaller, cheaper and better arranged than Sewall's (8), and had considerable use. It contains 385 hymns, and 21 "Ascriptions and Occasional Pieces," these last including Henry Ware's Easter hymn, "Lift your glad voices," and Heber's "From Greenland's icy mountains." There are no musical instructions beyond indication of metres. 10. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for Social and Private Worship, compiled by a committee of the West Parish in Boston_--Boston; printed by John B. Russell, 1823. This book was a successor to No. 1. No preface; no copyright; no indication of the identity of the compilers. It contains 320 psalms and hymns by Tate and Brady, Watts, Doddridge, Barbauld, Steele and others. No hymn by Charles Wesley, but it has John Wesley's "Lo, God is here," attributed to "Salisbury Coll." Also 6 communion hymns; 5 for Christmas, including Tate's "While shepherds watched their flocks by night," attributed to Dr. Patrick; Milton's "Nor war nor battle's sound," altered by Dr. Gardiner; and Sir Walter Scott's "When Israel of the Lord beloved". Note:--The American Unitarian Association does not own a copy, but there is one at the Congregational Library, 16 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. 11. _A Selection from Tate and Brady's Version of the Psalms: with Hymns by various authors_--For the use of the church in Brattle Square, Boston. Boston: Richardson & Lord, 1825. Compiled by a committee of that church. The church used the _Bay Psalm Book_ until 1753; then Tate and Brady's _New Version_ of the Psalms, with an appendix of hymns selected by a committee. In 1808 another committee published another appendix, entitled _A Second Part of Hymns_. The book issued in 1825, by a committee the membership of which is unknown, is a revision and enlargement of the original Tate and Brady and the appendices. It contains 150 psalms and 363 hymns. No musical directions save indications of metres. 12. _Sacred Poetry and Music reconciled, or a Collection of Hymns original and compiled_--by Samuel Willard, D.D., A.A.S. Boston: L. C. Bowles, 1830. This book, "adopted while in manuscript, by the Third Congregational Society in Hingham," had little use beyond that parish. It contains 518 hymns, and 7 chants, the latter being a feature not met with in any earlier book in this series. Tunes are indicated for each hymn, but the editor had some peculiar theories about the "reconciliation" of words and music. The editor, Rev. Samuel Willard (1776-1859), had been minister at Deerfield but had retired on account of blindness and was temporarily resident in Hingham when this book was published. 13. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for Christian Worship_--Boston: Carter and Hendee, 1830. Edited by Rev. Francis William Pitt Greenwood (1797-1843), minister of King's Chapel, Boston. _Greenwood's Collection_, as it was generally called, containing 560 psalms and hymns, superseded Belknap's (3) as the hymn-book most widely used in Unitarian churches in the first half of the 19^th century. It ran to fifty editions and was used in King's Chapel, for which it was prepared, until superseded there by _Hymns of the Church Universal_, 1890, (39). Based upon Watts, the book contains the then very recent hymns by James Montgomery, Harriet Auber, Bowring and Heber, and practically introduced Charles Wesley to American Unitarians. In _Young Emerson Speaks_, edited by A. C. McGiffert, 1937, pages 145-150, will be found a sermon on "Hymn Books" preached by R. W. Emerson in 1831, while still minister of the Second Church in Boston, in which he recommends the church to adopt _Greenwood's Collection_ in place of Belknap's. Emerson, in his Journal for 1847, noted that _Greenwood's Collection_ was "still the best." 14. _The Springfield Collection of Hymns for sacred worship_, by William B. O. Peabody--Springfield: Samuel Bowles, 1835. Rev. William Oliver Bourne Peabody (1799-1847) was minister at Springfield, Mass. His collection contains 509 hymns, admirably chosen from the accepted classics of the period, Watts and Doddridge predominant, but with an increasing number of the recent compositions by Unitarian hymn-writers of the first third of the 19^th century. No musical instructions beyond indication of metres. On its merits the _Springfield Collection_ rightly shared with _Greenwood's Collection_ (13) and _The Cheshire Collection_ (20) the largest measure of popularity and use among Unitarians in the middle of the 19^th century. 15. _The Christian Psalter: A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for social and private worship_--Boston, 1841. Edited by Rev. William Parsons Lunt (1805-1857), for use in the First Church in Quincy, Mass. It contains 702 hymns and psalms and represents a reversion to the older type of hymnody, "but, if old-fashioned, it was excellent and serviceable." Lunt included 22 pieces by his parishioner, ex-President John Quincy Adams, whose wife had put into his hands a complete metrical psalter which Adams had composed. At least one of Adams' psalms is still to be found in some hymn-books. 16. _A Manual of Prayer for public and private worship, with a collection of hymns_--Boston, 1842. Edited by Rev. William Greenleaf Eliot (1811-1887). Although printed in Boston, this book was prepared for The First Congregational Society of St. Louis, Missouri, of which the editor had become minister in 1834. The Society was the earliest Unitarian church in the Mississippi Valley, excepting that at New Orleans. The book is primarily a collection of service materials followed by 272 well-selected hymns from standard sources. It was the earliest volume of the sort to be prepared for Unitarian use in the Middle West. 17. _A Collection of Hymns, for the Christian Church and Home_--Boston, 1843. Edited by Rev. James Flint (1779-1855). The editor was minister of the East Church in Salem, Mass., and based his book upon the 18^th century collection of his predecessor, William Bentley (2). He borrowed the title and much of the contents of James Martineau's book published in England in 1840. The book contains 415 hymns. Note:--The American Unitarian Association does not own a copy of this book. One is in the Congregational Library, 14 Beacon Street, Boston. 18. _The Social Hymn Book; consisting of psalms and hymns for social worship and private devotions_--Boston, 1843. Edited by Rev. Chandler Robbins (1810-1882), minister of the Second Church in Boston. The book, which contains 350 psalms and hymns, is based upon Watts and Doddridge, but it introduced new hymns from various sources, among them about twenty of Bishop Mant's translations of "ancient hymns" from the Roman Breviary. Dr. Robbins was one of the earliest American hymn-book editors to avail himself of the English versions of Latin hymns which were among the fruits of the Oxford Movement. His book has an appendix of 21 tunes in two parts, the book being thus the first in this series to include any printed music. 19. _The Disciples' Hymn Book; a collection of hymns and chants for public and private devotions, prepared for the use of the Church of the Disciples_--Boston, 1844. Edited by Rev. James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) for use in the Church of the Disciples, Boston, which had been organized in 1841 and of which he was the first minister. The first edition is commonly bound up with _Service Book: for the use of the Church of the Disciples_. A revised and enlarged edition appeared in 1852. The collection contains 318 hymns and an appendix of chants. It was notable for its freshness and progressive outlook, and drew upon the most recent English sources. It introduced into American use the hymn "Nearer, my God, to thee," by Sarah Flower Adams, published in England only three years earlier, and other hymns by the same author. It also included some of Clarke's own hymns, more of which appeared in the second edition. 20. _Christian Hymns for public and private worship. A Collection compiled by a committee of the Cheshire Pastoral Association_--Boston, 1845. Edited by Rev. Abiel Abbott Livermore (1811-1892), Chairman; Rev. Levi W. Leonard (1790-1864), Rev. William A. Whitwell (1804-1865) and Rev. Curtis Cutler (1806-1874), ministers at Keene, Dublin, Wilton, and Peterboro, New Hampshire, respectively. The editorial work was chiefly done by Livermore, who also contributed to it his communion hymn, "A holy air is breathing round." This book, commonly called _The Cheshire Collection_, ran through sixty editions and was widely used. Its popularity was due in part to its wide range--908 hymns--and to its provision for special occasions, but more to the inclusion of fresh material of high quality. 21. _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for the Sanctuary_--Boston, 1845. Edited by Rev. George E. Ellis (1814-1894) for use in the Harvard Church in Charlestown, Mass., of which he was then minister. It contains 658 hymns and psalms, and is based on _Greenwood's Collection_ (13) and _The Springfield Collection_ (14). A Selection from the Psalms, apparently intended for responsive reading, is bound up with the hymn-book, of which it is an unusual feature. 22. _Hymns for Public Worship_--Boston, 1845. Edited by Rev. George W. Briggs (1810-1895), minister of the First Church at Plymouth, Mass. (1838-1852). The book contains 601 hymns; no musical directions beyond indication of metres. There is a strong emphasis on hymns of the inner life, the compiler having sought "to bring together the most fervent expressions of a profound spiritual life," many of which "have never been in familiar use in Unitarian churches." 23. _Service Book: for the Church of the Saviour, with a Collection of Psalms and Hymns for Christian Worship_--Boston, 1845. Edited by Rev. Robert Cassie Waterston (1812-1893), minister of the Church of the Saviour, Boston. _The Collection of Psalms and Hymns_ bound up with the services is _Greenwood's Collection_ (13) with a supplement of 116 hymns selected by Waterston, so that the book is more accurately described as one of the editions of Greenwood than as an independent publication. The supplement, however, is notable for the high proportion of good new hymns, not available when _Greenwood's Collection_ first appeared. Among them are hymns by Samuel F. Smith, G. W. Doane, the early and mid-century Unitarian writers, and some taken from Breviary sources. No musical instructions beyond indication of the metres. 24. _A Book of Hymns for public and private devotion_--Cambridge: Metcalf & Company, printers to the University. 1846. Edited by Samuel Longfellow (1819-1892) and Samuel Johnson (1822-1882). The editors were, at the time, students in the Harvard Divinity School (class of 1846), and the book "grew out of an offer to provide a new book for a minister who found even the recent ones too antiquated." It was marked by poetic excellence and freshness, and introduced to American use "Lead, Kindly Light," and hymns by Whittier, Longfellow, Lowell, Jones Very, Mrs. Stowe and others, besides hymns by the editors themselves. First used in Church of the Unity, Worcester, Mass., of which Edward Everett Hale was minister; then in the Music Hall congregation of Theodore Parker, who is said, on receiving a copy, to have remarked, "I see we have a new book of Sams." It ran to a twelfth edition in two years, but its greatest influence was as a source-book for later editors. A somewhat enlarged edition appeared in 1848. 25. _Hymns of the Sanctuary_--Boston, 1849. Edited by Rev. Cyrus A. Bartol (1813-1900), minister of the West Church in Boston, assisted by Charles G. Loring, Joseph Willard, and other laymen of the church. The book is a revised and enlarged edition of the "West Boston Collection" (10) of which the original edition had been prepared by Rev. Simeon Howard (1). It contains 643 hymns and a few chants. No musical directions beyond indication of metres. 26. _Hymns for the Church of Christ_--Edited by Rev. Frederic H. Hedge and Rev. Frederic D. Huntington, Boston, 1853. Frederic Henry Hedge (1805-1890) later became a distinguished professor in the Harvard Divinity School. Frederic Dan Huntington (1819-1904) later joined the Episcopal Church, in which he attained a bishopric. The book contains 872 hymns,--no musical instructions beyond indication of metres. It is conservative in tone but is marked by high literary standards, and by a catholic inclusiveness beyond that of most books in this series. It includes a number of translations of Breviary hymns, and in it appears, for the first time, Hedge's translation of Luther's "Ein' feste Burg." Better printed than most contemporary hymn-books, it was hailed as "much the best book of hymns yet published." Many hymns are listed as "Anon." and some authors are given by surname only, making identification doubtful. 27. _Services and Hymns for the use of the Unitarian Church of Charleston_, S.C., 1854, 1867. The preface to the first edition, dated "April, 1854," was signed by S. Gilman and C. M. Taggart, then joint ministers of the church. No copy of this edition appears to be extant. A new and enlarged edition, with an unsigned preface but reprinting the earlier preface signed by Gilman and Taggart, appeared in 1867, "Printed by Joseph Walker, Agt., Charleston." "Hymns for Christian Worship," 171 in number, make up the second half of this volume. Almost all of them are the standard English hymns in current use in the first half of the 19^th century, with 10 hymns by American authors, three of which are by Dr. Gilman and two by his wife, Caroline Gilman, all of which had appeared in earlier collections. 28. _Hymn Book for Christian Worship_--Boston, 1854. There is no preface and the name of the compiler nowhere appears. It was, however, edited by Rev. Chandler Robbins (1810-1882), minister of the Second Church in Boston, and is, in effect, an enlargement of his earlier _Social Hymn Book_, (18), with 761 hymns, better adapted to church use. Like its predecessor, it contained chiefly the older type of hymns,--107 by Watts, 62 by Doddridge, 40 by James Montgomery, 13 by C. Wesley, and 20 more called "Wesleyan." 29. _The Soldier's Companion: Dedicated to the Defenders of their Country in the Field, by their Friends at Home_, published as the issue of _The Monthly Journal_, Boston, for October, 1861, vol. II, No. 10. This was a small paper bound collection of a few traditional hymns, supplemented by a dozen anti-slavery or wartime songs by living writers, including J. Pierpont, E. H. Sears, and J. R. Lowell, with a supplement of devotional readings and prayers. Presumably it had some use in the Army, but copies are now very rare. 30. _Christian Worship_--New York, 1862. Edited by Rev. Samuel Osgood (1812-1880), then minister of the Church of the Messiah, New York, and Rev. Frederic A. Farley (1800-1892), minister of The First Unitarian Congregational Church, Brooklyn, N. Y. A small collection of 159 hymns, bound up with a liturgical type of service-book indicating the trend which later took Osgood into the Episcopal Church. 31. _The Soldier's Hymn Book, containing a supplement of national songs for the use of chaplains and soldiers in the army and navy of the United States_--Prepared by J. G. Forman, Chaplain of the 3d Regiment Missouri Infantry, Army of the U. S., Alton, Illinois, 1863. Rev. Jacob G. Forman (d. 1885), the compiler, was at the time minister of the Unitarian Church at Alton. This little pocket hymnal contains 99 hymns, and 26 additional patriotic songs. 32. _The Soldier's Hymn Book for Camp and Hospital_--Cambridge, printed at the University Press, 1863. There is no indication as to the source of this little book, and the identity of its compiler has not been discovered. Its contents, however, indicate that it came from a Unitarian source. It is a pocket hymnal containing 150 familiar hymns and a few prayers, somewhat larger and better printed than (31). 33. _Hymns of the Spirit_--Boston, Ticknor & Fields, 1864. Edited by Samuel Longfellow (1819-1892) and Samuel Johnson (1822-1882). This is the second and more famous hymn-book compiled by the editors. It contains 717 hymns and represents their later and more radical trend of thought, the book being theistic rather than explicitly Christian in its emphasis. It introduced many hymns by the editors themselves, and made drastic adaptations or revisions of hymns by other authors. Like their first book (24), it was more generally drawn upon as a source-book by later editors than it was used in the churches. In that respect it was one of the most important books in this series. 34. _Hymn and Tune Book for the Church and Home_--Boston, 1868. This book was compiled by a committee appointed by the American Unitarian Association, but the editorial work was chiefly done by Rev. Leonard J. Livermore (1822-1886). It is the first hymn-book to be issued by the Association and the first American Unitarian hymn-book to be completely furnished with tunes. It contained 740 hymns, about 30 chants, etc., and 299 tunes, a large proportion of which have since dropped out of use. Regarded as in some measure an authorized denominational hymn-book, it had wide use, though it "marked no advance over its predecessors, but its tunes were well up to the average level and gave it a great advantage," and stimulated congregational singing. 35. _Hymns for the Christian Church, for the use of the First Church of Christ in Boston_--Boston, 1869. Edited by Rev. Rufus Ellis (1819-1885), minister of the First Church, Boston. It was based on Lunt's conservative Christian Psalter (15) which had been in use in the First Church for 25 years. About 250 hymns were retained from the earlier volume and enough more added to bring the total to 469. The selections were well made, but, without music, the book could not compete with the more inclusive _Hymn and Tune Book_ (34) which the American Unitarian Association had published the preceding year. 36. _Hymn and Tune Book for the Church and Home_--Revised edition. American Unitarian Association, Boston, 1877. The compiler's name nowhere appears in the book, which was edited by Rev. Rush R. Shippen (1828-1911), then Secretary of the American Unitarian Association. It is a thorough-going revision of (34), virtually a new book. It contains 871 hymns, 14 chants, etc., 316 tunes, a much richer selection than its predecessor, although the music was still of the mid-century type, with only a few examples of the newer English tunes which were being introduced into America by the choirs of Episcopal churches. The book was well adapted to the general needs of Unitarians and was the most widely used book among the Unitarian churches for the ensuing forty years. 37. _Unity Hymns and Chorals_--Edited by W. C. Gannett, J. V. Blake, F. L. Hosmer. Chicago, 1880. A later and largely revised edition was published in 1911 by Hosmer and Gannett. The editors, Frederick Lucian Hosmer (1840-1929), William Channing Gannett (1840-1923), and James Vila Blake (1842-1925), were hymn-writers and ministers in the Western Unitarian Conference. This small book, noted for its "split-leaf" arrangement, represented the point of view of the "left-wing" group in the denomination. In its two editions it contained most of the hymns by its editors, and a good many by other authors which appeared for the first time within its covers. In this respect, as in its radical character, it may be compared to the hymn-books by Longfellow and Johnson (24 and 33). It was widely used in the Western Unitarian Conference. Musically it was mediocre. 38. _Sacred Songs for Public Worship: A Hymn and Tune Book_--Edited by M. J. Savage and Howard M. Dow. Boston, 1883. This small book contains 195 hymns and songs for popular use, selected by Minot J. Savage (1841-1918), minister of Unity Church, Boston, Mass., and set to music by Howard M. Dow. Forty-two items are from Mr. Savage's pen, the rest mostly from familiar sources. It is much more of a "one-man book" and musically nearer akin to the typical gospel song-book than any other collection in this series. 39. _Hymns of the Church Universal_--Compiled by the Rev. Henry Wilder Foote [I]: Revised and edited by Mary W. Tileston and Arthur Foote. Boston, 1890. This book was compiled for use in King's Chapel, Boston, of which Mr. Foote (1838-1889) was minister, but was not published until after his death, the editorial work being completed by his sister and brother. The book superseded _Greenwood's Collection_ (13) in King's Chapel, and had considerable use elsewhere. It contained 647 hymns, a number of chants, and 299 tunes. It introduced many hymns and tunes of the later 19^th century English authors and composers which were not found in any earlier American Unitarian collections, and was influential in setting a standard for later books. 40. _Hymnal: Amore Dei_--Compiled by Mrs. Theodore C. Williams, Boston, 1890. Revised, 1897. Edited by Mrs. Williams in co-operation with her husband, Rev. Theodore C. Williams (1855-1915), minister of All Souls' Church, New York. It contained 382 hymns, about 25 chants and responses and 272 tunes. A collection similar to _Hymns of the Church Universal_ (39) in utilizing the newer English hymns and tunes of the nineteenth century, it had many excellencies and considerable use. The biographical indexes of composers and authors are far more complete than those of any earlier book in this series. 41. _Hymns for Church and Home_--American Unitarian Association, Boston, 1895. Edited by Mary Wilder Tileston and Arthur Foote, it was in effect a revised and enlarged edition of _Hymns for the Church Universal_ (39), containing 801 hymns. It was an admirable compilation but rather large and heavy for handling. 42. _Hymns for Church and Home Abridged_--1902. An edition of (41) with the number of hymns reduced to 513. 43. _Hymns of the Ages_--Cambridge: The University Press. 1904. Edited by Louisa Putnam Loring (1854-1924). A book of high literary and musical standards, based upon the (Harvard) _University Hymn Book_ (1895). It contained 316 hymns and 205 tunes, but it represented a rather limited and individualistic point of view and did not prove adaptable to general use. 44. _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book and Candle Light Service_--The Isles of Shoals Association, 1908. Edited by Rev. George H. Badger (1859-1954). Since the book was intended for use at the summer meetings on the Isles of Shoals, off Portsmouth, N. H., the religious interpretation of nature is strongly emphasized. The book contains 219 hymns and 96 tunes, mostly selected from _Hymns for Church and Home_ (41), but nine of them are original contributions to this book, some with lines referring directly to the island setting or history. Both words and music represent the highest standards at the time of publication, and the book is an exceptional collection of hymns expressing this aspect of religion. 45. _The New Hymn and Tune Book_--American Unitarian Association: Boston, 1914. Edited by a commission: Rev. Samuel A. Eliot (1862-1950), Chairman; Rev. Henry Wilder Foote, (II), (1875-____), Secretary; Rev. Rush R. Shippen, (1828-1911), Rev. Lewis G. Wilson, (1858-1928). Nominally a revision of the _Hymn and Tune Book_ of 1877 (36), it was in effect a new compilation, drawing largely upon _Hymns for Church and Home_ (41), _Amore Dei_ (40) and _Unity Hymns and Chorals_ (37). It contained 546 hymns, 28 chants, etc., and 268 tunes. It also included a set of services and responsive readings, prepared by another committee. It represented a great advance on earlier books and was more widely adopted than any of them. In its music it was less progressive than in its selection of hymns, representing the musical standard and practice of about 1900. 46. _Twenty-five Hymns for Use in Time of War_--The Beacon Press. Boston, n. d. (1916). A pamphlet of hymns, more than half of them reprinted from the _Hymn and Tune Book_ of 1914 (45) for use during the Great War. 47. _Songs and Readings_--compiled and edited by Jacob Trapp and R. T. Porte. Salt Lake City, 1931. This booklet contains 58 songs and hymns, without music, and 32 responsive readings for use in the First Unitarian Church in Salt Lake City, of which Mr. Trapp (1899-____) was then minister. Intended for ministers with "Humanist" leanings. 48. _Hymns of the Spirit_--Beacon Press, 1937. Edited by a Unitarian Commission: Rev. Henry Wilder Foote, (II) (1875-____), Chairman; Rev. Edward P. Daniels (1891-____), Rev. Curtis W. Reese (1887-____), Rev. Von Ogden Vogt (1879-____), working in co-operation with a Universalist Commission: Rev. L. G. Williams (1893-____), Chairman; Rev. Prof. Alfred S. Cole, (1893-____), Rev. Prof. Edson R. Miles (1875-1958), and Rev. Tracy M. Pullman (1904-____). The title is borrowed from the second collection, edited by Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson, 1864, (33). The book is printed with services and responsive readings prepared by the same two commissions. It is an extensive revision of the _New Hymn and Tune Book_ (45) of 1914, with special emphasis on "the social gospel" and on hymns dealing with "man in the universe." Its most notable advance over its predecessors is in its music, edited by E. P. Daniels and Robert L. Sanders. It contains 533 hymns, 42 chants, etc., 366 tunes. _Alphabetical List of Unitarian Hymn Writers In the Following Catalogue_ Adams, John Quincy Alcott, Louisa May Alger, Wm. R. Ames, Chas. G. Anonymous Appleton, Francis P. Badger, George H. Ballou, Adin Barber, Henry H. Barnard, John Barrows, Samuel J. Bartol, Cyrus A. Bartrum, Joseph P. Beach, Seth Curtis Belknap, Jeremy Blake, James Vila Briggs, C. A. Briggs, LeB. R. Brooks, Charles T. Bryant, William Cullen Bulfinch, Stephen G. Burleigh, Wm. H. Cabot, Eliza Lee, see Follen, Eliza Lee Chadwick, John W. Chapman, Mrs. Cheney, Mrs. Edna D. Church, Edward A. Clapp, Eliza T. Clarke, J. F. Collyer, Robert Clute, Oscar Dana, Chas. A. Dwight, John S. Emerson, R. W. Everett, Wm. Fernald, W. M. Flint, James Follen, Eliza Lee Foote, H. W., I Foote, H. W., II Freeman, James Frothingham, N. L. Frothingham, Octavius B. Fuller, Sarah Margaret Furness, W. H. Gannett, W. C. Gilman, Caroline (Howard) Gilman, Samuel Goldsmith, Peter H. Greenough, James B. Greenwood, Helen W. Hale, Edw. Everett Hale, Mary W. Hall, Harriet W. Ham, M. F. Harris, Florence Harris, Thaddeus M. Hedge, F. H. Higginson, T. W. Hill, Thomas Holland, J. G. Holmes, John Haynes Holmes, Oliver Wendell Horton, Edw. A. Hosmer, F. L. Howe, Julia (Ward) Huntington, F. D. Hurlburt, W. H. Johnson, Samuel Kimball, Jacob Larned, Augusta Lathrop, John Howland Livermore, A. A. Livermore, Sarah W. Long, John D. Longfellow, Henry W. Longfellow, Samuel Loring, Louisa P. Loring, W. J. Lowell, J. R. Lunt, W. P. Mann, Newton Marean, Emma (Endicott) Mason, Caroline A. Miles, Sarah E. Mott, F. B. Newell, Wm. Norton, Andrews Ossoli, Margaret, see Fuller Parker, Theodore Peabody, Ephraim Peabody, O. W. B. Peabody, W. B. O. Perkins, J. H. Pierpont, John Pray, Lewis G. Prince, Thomas Putnam, A. P. Robbins, Chandler Robbins, S. D. Sargent, L. M. Savage, M. J. Scudder, Eliza Sears, E. H. Sewall, C. Sigourney, Lydia H. Sill, E. R. Silliman, V. B. Spencer, Anna G. Sprague, Charles Trapp, Jacob Tuckerman, J. Very, Jones Very, Washington Ware, Henry Waterston, R. C. Weir, R. S. Weiss, John Wendte, Chas. W. Westwood, Horace Wile, Frances W. Wiley, Hiram O. Willard, Samuel Williams, Theodore C. Williams, Velma C. Willis, Love Maria Willis, Nathaniel P. Wilson, Edwin H. Wilson, Lewis G. Young, George H. Biographical Sketches with Notes on Hymns Adams, Hon. John Quincy, Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts, July 11, 1767--February 21, 1848, Washington, D. C. He graduated from Harvard in 1787. From 1794-1801 he was United States Minister to England, the Netherlands and Prussia. In 1806 he was appointed Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard. In 1809 he became United States Minister to Russia, in 1817 he was Secretary of State, and from 1824 to 1828 he was President of the United States. In 1831 he was elected to the House of Representatives, in which body he served until his death. Most of his verse, both religious and secular, was written after he had left the Presidency, but he remains the only hymn writer who has ever been President of this country. In his later years he composed a metrical version of the Psalms, best described as a free rendering in fairly good verse of what he felt was the essential idea of each Psalm. When his minister, Rev. William P. Lunt, _q.v._, of the First Parish, (Unitarian) Quincy, Massachusetts, undertook the preparation of his hymn book _The Christian Psalmist_, (1841), Mrs. Adams put the manuscript of her husband's metrical Psalms into Mr. Lunt's hands, and the latter included 17 of them in his book, and five other hymns by his distinguished parishioner. The effect on Adams is recorded in a moving entry in his _Journal_ which reveals an aspect of his character quite unknown to those who regarded him as an opinionated and uncompromising though sincere and upright politician. He wrote on June 29, 1845, "Mr. Lunt preached this morning, Eccles. III, 1. For everything there is a season. He had given out as the first hymn to be sung the 138^th of the Christian Psalter, his compilation and the hymn-book now used in our church. It was my version of the 65^th Psalm; and no words can express the sensations with which I heard it sung. Were it possible to compress into one pulsation of the heart the pleasure which, in the whole period of my life, I have enjoyed in praise from the lips of mortal man, it would not weigh a straw to balance the ecstasy of delight which streamed from my eyes as the organ pealed and the choir of voices sung the praise of Almighty God from the soul of David, adapted to my native tongue by me. There was one drawback. In the printed book, the fifth line of the second stanza reads, 'The morning's dawn, the evening's shade,' and so it was sung, but the corresponding seventh line of the same stanza reads, 'The fields from thee the rains receive,' totally destroying the rhyme. I instantly saw that the fifth line should read, 'The morning's dawn, the shades of eve,' but whether this enormous blunder was committed by the copyist or the pressman I am left to conjecture." After Adams' death his verses, both religious and secular, were published in a small volume entitled _Poems of Religion and Society_, New York, 1848, which ran to a fourth edition in 1854. This collection included the five hymns and 17 metrical Psalms printed in _The Christian Psalmist_, unchanged except that the opening line of each psalm has been substituted for the number of the psalm as its heading. Nor was the misprint which Adams lamented amended. Judged by the conventional standards of his time Adams' poetry was consistently respectable verse, but without any notable distinction other than that lent to it by the fame of the author. His five hymns are, 1. _Sure to the mansions of the blest_, (Death of Children) This is part of a piece of 20 stanzas, which appeared in the _Monthly Anthology and Boston Review_, January 1807. It is entitled "Lines addressed to a mother on the death of two infants, 19th Sept. 1803, and 19th Decb. 1806." 2. _Alas! how swift the moments fly_, (The Hour-Glass) Sometimes given as _How swift, alas, the moments fly_, written for the 200^th anniversary of the First Parish Church in Quincy, September 20, 1839. 3. _Hark! 'tis the holy temple bell_, (Sabbath morning) undated 4. _When, o'er the billow-heaving deep_, "A Hymn for the twenty-second of December," i.e., the coming of the Pilgrim Fathers, undated. 5. _Lord of all worlds, let thanks and praise_, "Written in Sickness;" undated. His metrical versions of the Psalms follow:-- 6. _Blest is the mortal whose delight_, Ps. 1 7. _Come let us sing unto the Lord_, Ps. 95 8. _For thee in Zion there is praise_, Ps. 65 9. _My Shepherd is the Lord on high_, Ps. 23 10. _My soul, before thy Maker kneel_, Ps. 103 11. _O, all ye people, clap your hands_, Ps. 47 12. _O God, with goodness all thine own_, Ps. 67 13. _O heal me, Lord, for I am weak_, Ps. 6 14. _O, judge me, Lord, for thou art just_, Ps. 26 15. _O Lord my God! how great thou art_, Ps. 104 16. _O Lord, thy all-discerning eyes_, Ps. 139 17. _O that the race of men would raise_, Ps. 107 18. _Send forth, O God, thy truth and light_, Ps. 43 19. _Sing to Jehovah a new song_, Ps. 98 20. _Sing to the Lord a song of praise_, Ps. 149 21. _Turn to the stars of heaven thine eyes_, Ps. 19 22. _Why should I fear in evil days_, Ps. 49 A few of these hymns and psalms found their way into other collections. Nos. 2 and 3 were included in _Lyra Sacra Americana_; no. 18 is in _Hymnal for American Youth_ and the _American Student Hymnal_; no. 16 is in the Jewish _Union Hymnal for Worship_, 1914. J. 16, 1647 H.W.F. Alcott, Louisa May, Concord, Massachusetts, November 29, 1833--March 5, 1888, Concord. She was the author of widely known books for children, _Little Women_, _Little Men_, and others. Julian's _Dictionary_, p. 1602, records her hymn, _A little kingdom I possess_, and cites Eva Munson Smith's _Women in Sacred Song_ as quoting a note from Miss Alcott dated "Concord, Oct. 7, 1883," in which she says that this is "the only hymn I ever wrote. It was composed at thirteen - - - and still expresses my soul's desire." Notwithstanding this statement another hymn attributed to her, apparently written for use by young people and beginning, _O the beautiful old story!_ is included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. J 1550, 1602 H.W.F. Alger, Rev. William Rounsville, Freetown, Massachusetts, December 28, 1822--February 7, 1905, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1847 and in the same year became minister of the Mount Pleasant Society, Roxbury, Massachusetts. In 1855 he was settled over the Bulfinch Place Church, Boston. He was a popular lecturer and the author of numerous articles and several books, the most notable of which was his _History of the Doctrine of the Future Life_, 1864, and later editions. His Christmas hymn _Jesus has lived! and we would bring_, written in 1845 while he was still a student, is included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. Other poems by him, including a hymn for the graduation of his class from the Divinity School in 1847 and another for the ordination of Thomas Starr King, are included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, but have had no further use. H.W.F. Ames, Rev. Charles Gordon, Dorchester, Massachusetts, 1828--April 15, 1912, Boston, Massachusetts. He was ordained as a Baptist minister in 1849 and spent some years as a home missionary in Minnesota. In 1859 he joined the Unitarian denomination and served several churches, his last pastorate being with the Church of the Disciples, Boston. In 1905 he wrote a hymn for the dedication of the new edifice of that Society beginning, _With loving hearts and hands we rear_, which is included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. A hymn beginning _Father in heaven, hear us today_, is attributed to him in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_: _Old and New_, 1898, but is not found elsewhere. H.W.F. Anonymous In Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, there is no Index of Authors, but in its Index of First Lines the name of the author, (often only his or her surname) is given in most instances. The Index also lists 57 hymns as "Anon." or, more often, with no word as to authorship. The source of several of these hymns can be traced in Julian's _Dictionary_ or in Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, but I have been unable to identify the author or source of the following hymns, or to check their later use, if any. H.W.F. _Hys. Ch. Ch._ 509 Abba, Father, hear thy child, 758 Alas! how poor and little worth, 602 Behold, the servant of the Lord, 73 Blest is the hour when cares depart, 510 Come, let us who in Christ believe 288 Come, O thou universal good! 581 Come to the morning prayer, 707 Gently, Lord, O gently lead us, 868 God of the mountain, God of the storm, 437 God of the rolling year! to Thee 765 Go to thy rest, fair child! 305 Head of the church triumphant, 860 Hear, Father, hear our prayer 691 He sendeth sun, he sendeth shower 686 I cannot always trace the way 763 In the broad fields of heaven, 37 "Let there be light!" When born on high 255 Lord, in thy garden agony, 409 Lord, may the spirit of this feast, 861 Meek and lowly, pure and holy, 573 Meek hearts are by sweet manna fed, 798 Mortal, the angels say, 856 My feet are worn and weary with the march, 481 O'er mountaintops, the mount of God, 294 On earth was darkness spread, 742 O speed thee, Christian, on thy way, 506 O Thou, who hearest prayer, 803 O why should friendship grieve for them 56 O wondrous depth of grace divine, 307 Saviour and dearest friend, 312 Saviour, source of every blessing, 539 Sovereign of worlds! display thy power, 757 Swift years, but teach me how to bear, 611 Take my heart, O Father, take it, 75 There is a world, and O how blest, 276 Thou art the Way, and he who sighs, 768 Thou must go forth alone, my soul! 155 'Tis not Thy chastening hand I fear, 247 Wake the song of jubilee. 528 When shall the voice of singing, 846 Why come not spirits from the realms of glory? 448 Why slumbereth, Lord, each promised sign? Anonymous Hymns _Come, Holy Spirit, hush my heart_, C.M. 3 stas. 3 _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. _Come thou Almighty King!_ The widely used hymn to the Trinity which begins with this line was written about 1757 in England. It has often been mistakenly attributed to Charles Wesley, and research has failed to discover who its author was. Perhaps he thought it prudent not to disclose his name because both his words and the tune by Felice di Giardini to which it was set in 1769 offered so marked a contrast to the British national anthem, in the same unusual metre, which had come into popular use about 1745 with the words _God save our lord the King_. American Unitarians in the 19^th century could sing the first stanza of the hymn, addressed to the "Father all glorious," but not the trinitarian stanzas which followed. An unknown writer produced two additional stanzas in a carefully revised version which was included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841; in the 1851 _Supplement_ to Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846; and in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. This version, however, was not satisfactory to later Unitarians and was again largely rewritten in the form in which it has been included in most of the Unitarian hymn books of more recent date. This version will be found in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. _For mercies past we praise thee, Lord_, Given as Anonymous in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, in 4 stas. of 4 l. It was repeated in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in the (Unitarian) _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868. J. 1564 _My life flows on in endless song_, 8.7.8.7.D. 3 stas. _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. _Now, when the dusky shades of night retreating_, This is a free translation in five stanzas of the Latin hymn, _Ecce jam noctis tenuatar umbra_ by Gregory the Great, c. 600, included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, as anonymous. It passed into Beecher's _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, and into many other hymn books, British and American, often with the 3^d and 4^th stanzas omitted. There is no clue as to its author though Julian (p. 320) points out that the first stanza appears to be an altered form of W. J. Copeland's translation from the Latin, published in 1848. The three stanza form of the hymn is included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 819 H.W.F. _We follow, Lord, where thou dost lead_, L.M. 5 stas. Attributed to "Book of Hymns," in _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. Appleton, Rev. Francis Parker, Boston, Massachusetts, August 9, 1822--June 14, 1903, Cohasset, Massachusetts. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1845, and was minister to the Unitarian church, in South Danvers, (now Peabody) Massachusetts from 1846 to 1853. He then left the ministry for secular occupations. His hymn, _Thirsting for a living spring_, was included, anonymously, in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and, attributed to him, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. It is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908; in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. His hymn, _The past yet lives in all its truth, O God_, was also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but has now dropped out of use. J. 1551, 1606 H.W.F. Badger, Rev. George Henry, Charlestown, Massachusetts, March 27, 1859--May 11, 1953, Orlando, Florida. He was educated at Williams College, A.B. 1883, at Andover Theological Seminary and the Harvard Divinity School, receiving the degree of S.T.B. from the latter institution in 1886. He served several Unitarian churches in New England. From 1912-1918 he was a minister in San Antonio, Texas; from 1919-1936 in Orlando, Florida. The preface to _The Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, is signed with his initials as editor. That book contains three hymns of which he was author:-- 1. _God of the vastness of the far-spread sea_, 2. _Lord, I believe, and in my faith_, 3. _Thy way, O Lord, is in the sea_, In 1910 he wrote a hymn beginning, 4. _O Thou who art my King_, which was included in The _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. None of these hymns have passed into later collections. H.W.F. Ballou, Rev. Adin, 1803-1890. Without much formal education, but gifted in mind and spirit, he was ordained in 1827 as a Universalist minister, but in 1831 joined the Unitarian denomination in which he served a number of New England parishes. He wrote a hymn beginning, _Years are coming--speed them onward!_ _When the sword shall gather rust_ which was included in Universalist hymnbooks and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Barber, Rev. Henry Hervey, Warwick, Massachusetts, December 30, 1835--January 18, 1923, Jacksonville, Florida. He was educated at Deerfield (Massachusetts) Academy, and at Meadville Theological School from which he graduated in 1861. After pastorates in two New England churches he became in 1881 a professor in Meadville Theological School, a position from which he retired in 1904. His hymn beginning, _Far off, O God, and yet most near,_ dated 1891, had considerable use and was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. H.W.F. Barnard, Rev. John, Boston, Massachusetts, November 6, 1681--January 24, 1770, Marblehead, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard in 1700, and was installed as minister of the Congregational Church in Marblehead in 1716, which he served with distinction through the rest of his life. A number of his sermons were printed, and in 1752 he published _A New Version of the Psalms of David_, 278 pp., printed in Boston, the result of his own endeavor to produce a fresh metrical translation. It is listed in Julian's _Dictionary_, p. 929, under _Psalters, English_. His book was used in his own church, but not elsewhere, and is now very rare. His own annotated copy is in the Harvard College Library and the original ms. is in the Massachusetts Historical Society. H.W.F. Barrows, Rev. Samuel June, New York, New York, May 26, 1845--April 21, 1909, New York. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1875 and in 1876 was ordained minister of Mount Pleasant Church, Dorchester, Massachusetts, where he served until 1881. He was editor of the _Christian Register_ from 1881 to 1897, and was a member of Congress, 1897-1899. A hymn beginning _Enkindling Love, eternal Flame_ is attributed to him in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. H.W.F. Bartol, Rev. Cyrus Augustus, D.D., Freeport, Maine, August 30, 1813--December 16, 1890, Boston. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1832 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1835. After lay preaching for a year in Cincinnati he was ordained in 1837 as successor to Rev. Charles Lowell (father of James Russell Lowell) in the West Church (Unitarian) in Boston. He retired in 1889. He was author of several books and of a large number of printed sermons and addresses. He, with others, edited _Hymns for the Sanctuary_, Boston, 1849, commonly called "Bartol's Collection", in which was included an anonymous hymn beginning _Be thou ready, fellow-mortal_ (Readiness for Duty) This hymn passed into the _Supplement_ to Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns of the Church of Christ_, Boston, 1853, and into other collections. Its authorship has never been disclosed, but its theme and mode of expression suggest that it may have been written by Bartol. J. 120 H.W.F. Bartrum, Joseph P., a Unitarian layman living in the 19^th century, who published _The Psalms newly Paraphrased for the Service of the Sanctuary_, Boston, 1833, from which his version of Psalm CVI, _O from these visions, dark and drear_, was taken for inclusion in several Unitarian collections in Great Britain and America and in the Universalist _Church Harmonies, New and Old_, 1895. His version of Psalm LXXXVII, _Amid the heaven of heavens_, is included in Holland's _Psalmists of Britain_, 1843, vol. II, p. 339, with a critical note. Neither hymn is found in use today. J. 116 H.W.F. Beach, Rev. Seth Curtis, D.D., near Marion, Wayne County, New York, August 3, 1837--January 30, 1932, Watertown, Massachusetts. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York in 1863, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1866. From 1867 to 1869 he served the Unitarian Church in Augusta, Maine. Ill health then led him to take up a farm in Minnesota for four years. In 1873 he returned to New England, where his longest pastorates were at Bangor, Maine, 1891-1901, and at Wayland, Massachusetts, 1901-1911, when he retired to Watertown. His hymn, 1. _Mysterious Presence! Source of all_, was first printed in the "Order of Exercises at the Fiftieth Annual Visitation of the Divinity School, July 17, 1866," having been written for that occasion. In 1884 he wrote 2. _Thou One in all, thou All in one_ (God in Nature) These two hymns were included in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. His third hymn 3. _Kingdom of God! The day how blest_, is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. J. 1581 H.W.F. Belknap, Rev. Jeremy, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, June 4, 1744--June 20, 1798, Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 1762; taught school for four years; in 1766 accepted a position as assistant to Rev. Jonathan Cushing of Dover, New Hampshire, and in 1767 was ordained, serving that parish until 1786. In 1787 he became minister of the Federal Street Church, (now the Arlington Street Church) Boston, which he served until his death. Harvard gave him the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1792. He was the author of a three volume _History of New Hampshire_; of a petition (1788) for the abolition of the slave trade; and of other books and essays; and formed the plan for the Massachusetts Historical Society, organized in 1791. He wrote no hymns but made an important contribution to American hymnody in his collection _Sacred Poetry: consisting of Psalms and Hymns adapted to Christian devotion in public and private. Selected from the best authors, with variations and additions_, by Jeremy Belknap, D.D., Boston, 1795, which ran to many editions. His intention was to provide a book acceptable to both the conservative and the liberal wings of Congregationalism, to bridge the widening gap which resulted in the formation of the Unitarian denomination a generation later. In this he failed, for only the liberal churches accepted it, though it was widely used by them for 40 years, being much the best of the period. It includes 300 hymns from the best English sources, and was the first to introduce to Americans the hymns by Anne Steele. The only American hymns in the collection are Jacob Kimball's metrical version of Psalm 65 and Mather Byles' _When wild confusion rends the air_. H.W.F. Blake, Rev. James Vila, Brooklyn, New York, January 21, 1842--April 28, 1925, Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Harvard College in 1862 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1866, and served Unitarian churches in Massachusetts and Illinois, his last and longest pastorate being at Evanston, Ill., 1892-1916. Author of a number of books. He shared with W. C. Gannett, _q.v._ and F. L. Hosmer, _q.v._ in the compilation of the first edition of _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, which included his hymn, _Father, Thou art calling, calling to us plainly_, included also in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. The latter book also includes his hymn of the church universal, _O sing with loud and joyful song_. H.W.F. Briggs, C. A. A hymn beginning, _God's law demands one living faith_ (Law of God) is attributed to a person with this name in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. It is probable, but not certain, that the author was Rev. Charles Briggs, Halifax, Massachusetts, January 17, 1791--December 1, 1873, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1815 and from the Divinity School in 1818, was minister of the First Church in Lexington, Massachusetts, 1818-1834, and secretary of the American Unitarian Association, 1835-1848. H.W.F. Briggs, LeBaron Russell, LL.D., Salem, Massachusetts, December 11, 1855--April 24, 1934, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He graduated from Harvard College in 1875, A.M., 1882; served as tutor, then as professor of English, and as dean from 1891-1925. Harvard gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1900, as did Yale in 1917, and Lafayette University gave him the degree of Litt.D. For the celebration of the 300^th anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, December 21, 1920, he wrote a poem which is introduced by a prayer in three stanzas, 11.10.11.10, offered by "The Pilgrim", beginning, _God of our fathers, who hast safely brought us_, It is a fine hymn of thanksgiving for religious freedom and it was included in the program celebrating the 300^th anniversary of the "Cambridge Platform" in October 27, 1948. It deserves wide use. H.W.F. Brooks, Rev. Charles Timothy, Salem, Massachusetts, June 20, 1813--June 14, 1883, Newport, Rhode Island. He graduated from Harvard College in 1832 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1835. He was ordained as the first minister of the Unitarian Church in Newport, Rhode Island, on January 1, 1837, and served there until 1873. He was author of a number of books, most of them translations from German poets and novelists. After his death a volume entitled _Poems, Original and Translated_, was published. The only hymn with which his name is associated was in two stanzas beginning, _God bless our native land!_ said to have been written while he was a student in the Divinity School. Part of the first and almost the whole of the second stanza were rewritten by J. S. Dwight, _q.v._, and Putnam, in _Songs of the Liberal Faith_, states that it was first published in this form in one of Lowell Mason's song books in 1844. It was included, with further alterations, in Hedge and Huntington's_ Hymns of the Church of Christ_, 1853, and with yet other changes in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. In the 20^th century collection also entitled _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, the hymn appears in 3 stas. of which the first is by Brooks, the second by Dwight, and a third, of which the first 3 lines are those introduced by Longfellow and Johnson, the remaining four lines from a later unknown source, and its authorship is attributed to "Composite: based on Charles Timothy Brooks and John Sullivan Dwight." The complicated history of this hymn is traced in Julian, 184, 1566, 1685. H.W.F. Bryant, William Cullen, Cummington, Massachusetts, November 3, 1794--June 12, 1878, New York, New York. He was a student at Williams College for two years, then studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1815, where he practised until 1825 when he removed to New York. There he devoted himself to journalism as editor of _The New York Review_ and of the _New York Evening Post_, reserving part of his time, especially in later years, to literary pursuits at his retreat at Roslyn, Long Island, where he wrote addresses, essays and reviews as well as poems. In point of time he was the first of the famous group of New England poets of the nineteenth century. He began writing verses when a child and composed his noblest poem, _Thanatopsis_, when only eighteen years of age. His first volume of poems, containing one entitled _The Ages_ delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Harvard, and some others, was published in 1821. In 1832 a volume entitled _Poems_, complete to that date, was published, for which Washington Irving secured republication in England, where it brought him wide recognition. Many successive editions of Poems, each with some additional items, were published in later years, and after his death a complete edition of the _Poetical Works of William Cullen Bryant_ appeared in 1879. He also had privately printed a little volume of his _Hymns_, 1869. The following pieces by him have been included in various collections of hymns, some of them having considerable use in Great Britain as well as in this country. 1. _All praise to him of Nazareth_ (Communion) Dated 1864. Included in Hatfield's (British) _Church Hymn Book_, 1874, in 3 stanzas, and in _Songs of the Sanctuary_ and in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. in 5 stanzas. 2. _All that in this wide world we see_ (Omnipresence) Dated 1836, but Beard, in his _Collection_, (British) 1837, gives it as an original contribution, thus fixing the date of first publication. Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., notes that it was "Written, probably, for some church in England," information which sounds like the aged poet's vague recollection many years after he had responded to Beard's request. Included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841. 3. _All things that are on earth_, (Love of God) Included in Beard's _Collection_, 1837. 4. _Almighty! hear thy children raise_, (Praise) One of five hymns written by Bryant at the request of Miss Sedgwick for inclusion (without the author's name) in Sewall's _Collection_, 1820, compiled for use in the First Congregational Society of New York (Unitarian), now All Souls Church. In Beard's _Collection_, 1837, the first line is altered to read _Almighty, listen while we praise_, and in the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, Boston, 1868, it is altered to _Almighty, hear us while we praise_, 5. _As shadows cast by cloud and sun_, Written for the Semi-Centennial of the Church of the Messiah, Boston, March 19, 1875. Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, New York, 1878. 6. _Close softly, fondly, while ye weep_ (Death) Included in H. W. Beecher's _Plymouth Collection_, 1855. 7. _Dear ties of mutual succor bind_ (Charity) Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, 1874, p. 130, says, "Mr. Bryant has kindly sent us, as an additional contribution to this volume, the following exquisite lines, which were written about forty years since, for some charitable occasion, and which he lately found among some old papers. They are not among his published poems." Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1878. 8. _Deem not that they are blest alone_ (Mourning) Written for Sewall's _Collection_, 1820, _vide supra._ Included in Beard's _Collection_, 1837, and, the first line altered to read, _O deem not they are blest alone_, in Martineau's _Hymns of Prayer and Praise_, 1873, and in _Songs for the Sanctuary_, New York, 1865-1872. 9. _Father, to thy kind love we owe_, (God's Loving Kindness) One of the five hymns, written by Bryant for inclusion in Sewall's _Collection_, New York, 1820. Included in the _Hymn and Tune Book_, Boston, 1868, and in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. In Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. the first line reads, _Our Father, to thy love we owe_. 10. _How shall I know thee in the sphere which keeps?_ (Future life) A memorial poem in 9 stanzas rather than a hymn, but included in part in the supplement of devotional readings in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. Complete text in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc., pp. 125-126. 11. _Look from Thy sphere of endless day_ (Home missions) Dated 1840. Included in _Songs for the Sanctuary_, New York, 1865; in Horder's (British) _Congregational Hymns_, 1884, and in the _Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935. 12. _Lord, who ordainest for mankind_ (Thanks for Mother Love) Written at the request of Rev. Samuel Osgood of New York for inclusion in his _Christian Worship_, 1862, and included in Martineau's _Hymns_, etc., 1873. 13. _Mighty One, before whose face_ (Ordination) Dated c. 1820. It was included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. 1853, H. W. Beecher's _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, and elsewhere. 14. _Not in the solitude_, (God in the city) Dated 1836. Included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 15. O God, whose dread and dazzling brow (God's compassion) Included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. 1853, and in the _Hymn and Tune Book_, Boston, 1868. 16. _O North, with all thy vales of green!_ (Reign of Christ) Included in the author's privately printed _Hymns_, 1869, undated. It passed into several British collections, e.g., the Scotch _Church Hymnary_, 1898; _Worship Song_, 1905; _The English Hymnal_, 1906; and is included in the American Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1940. 17. _O Thou, whose love can ne'er forget_ (Ordination) One of Bryant's early hymns, perhaps written for the ordination of Rev. William Ware, December, 1821, as minister of the First Congregational Society of New York, (now All Souls Church). Included in Beard's English _Collection_, 1837. 18. _O Thou Whose own vast temple stands_ (Opening of a house of worship) Written in 1835 for the dedication of a Chapel in Prince Street, New York. The building was soon afterwards destroyed by fire. This hymn is the most widely used of all those written by Bryant. It was included in Beard's English _Collection_ in 1837, and in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. In Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc., the opening line reads, _Thou, whose unmeasured temple stands_, and in this form it was included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1861, and in the American Presbyterian _Psalms and Hymns_, Richmond, 1867; in Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, London, 1884; and elsewhere. 19. _Standing forth in life's rough way_ (On behalf of children) Included in Dr. Allon's (British) _Children's Worship_, 1878; in Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884; and elsewhere. 20. _Thou unrelenting past_ (The Past) Dated 1836. A poem of 14 stanzas, a few of which were included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 21. _When doomed to death the Apostle lay_ (On behalf of Drunkards) Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1878. 22. _When he who from the scourge of wrong_ (Hope of Resurrection) Written for Sewall's _Collection_, 1820. Included in _Lyra Sacra Americana_, 1868. 23. _When this song of praise shall cease_ (Anticipation of Death) Written for a collection of hymns printed at the end of a _Sunday School Liturgy_, prepared by James Lombard, of Utica, New York, in 1859. Included in Bryant's privately printed _Hymns_, 1869, and in Stevenson's (British) _School Hymnal_, 1889. 24. _When the blind suppliant in the way_ (Opening the eyes of the blind) Dated 1874. Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, New York, 1878. 25. _Whither, midst falling dew_, (Divine Guidance) This is one of Bryant's best known poems, entitled "To a Waterfowl," and dated 1836, and is in no sense a hymn, although included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 26. _Wild was the day, the wintry sea_, (The Pilgrim Fathers) Included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., p. 123 reports a hymn beginning _Ancient of Days! except Thou deign_, "written for the dedication of Rev. R. C. Waterston's church in Boston," and another hymn beginning _Lord, from whose glorious presence came_, written "at the request of a friend, Mr. Hiram Barney, for the opening of an Orthodox Congregational Church," but does not print the text of either, and neither appears to have been included in any Collection. As indicated in the foregoing list, the text of several of Bryant's hymns is found with the opening line altered from the original, either by the author himself, or, presumably, with his consent, so that it is impossible to say which is the correct or authorized form, and frequently no more than approximate date of composition can be given. The early flowering of Bryant's gifts as a poet, promoted by a fortunate combination of circumstances, quickly brought him widespread recognition in both Great Britain and America, which deepened into respect for his fine character as he advanced in age. The writings of no other American poet of his period were so eagerly searched by compilers of hymn books, who sometimes included verses which were meditative, poems rather than hymns, e.g., nos. 8, 10, 20 and 25 in the above list. Bryant's mind was cool and meditative, and his hymns are correct and smoothly flowing, but seldom touched with lyric fire, and none of them quite reach the highest level. They express an attitude towards religion characteristic of the intellectual life of his time but now largely passed away. No. 16 is still included in several leading hymn collections of the 20^th century; nos. 11 and 18 are in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914; and nos. 12 and 18 are in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 189-190, 1682 H.W.F. Bulfinch, Rev. Stephen Greenleaf, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, June 18, 1809--October 12, 1870, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was son of Charles Bulfinch, a leading architect, and received his early education in Washington, D.C., returning to Cambridge to enter the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1830. He was ordained in January, 1831, as assistant to Rev. Samuel Gilman, _q.v._, of Charleston, South Carolina, and later served Unitarian churches in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Washington, D.C.; Nashua, New Hampshire; Dorchester, Massachusetts and East Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was a voluminous writer in both prose and verse. Most of his hymns first appeared in his books _Contemplations of the Saviour_, Boston, 1832; _Poems_, Charleston, 1834; and _Lays of the Gospel_, 1845. The first of these was reprinted in England, where 19 of his hymns were included in Beard's _Collection_, 1837, and where they had widespread use. His best known hymns are as follows: 1. _Benignant Saviour: 'twas not thine_, (Compassion of Christ) From his "Contemplations of the Saviour," altered in Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884, to read _Most gracious Saviour: 'twas not thine_. 2. _Burden of shame and woe_, (The Crucifixion) 3. _Hail to the Sabbath day_, (Sunday) 4. _Hath not thy heart within thee burned_, (Evening) 5. _Holy Son of God most high_, (Christ) 6. _How glorious is the hour_, (The New Life) 7. _In the Saviour's hour of death_, (Good Friday) 8. _It is finished! Glorious word_, (Good Friday) 9. _Lord, in this sacred hour_, (Worship) 10. _O suffering friend of all mankind_, (Passiontide) 11. _There is a strife we all must wage_, (Life's Duty) 12. _Toiling through the livelong night_, (Miracle of fishes) 13. _What power unseen by mortal eye_, (Miracle) These hymns are well written contemplations of gospel episodes, as viewed by the conservative piety of the author's period. Several were included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846-1848; nos. 6 and 10 are in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; and most of them in one and another 19^th century collection. Only No. 4 has survived in present-day use, being found in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 191, 1555 revised H.W.F. Burleigh, William Henry, Woodstock, Connecticut, February 12, 1812--March 18, 1871, Brooklyn, New York. He was an editor and publisher working successively in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1837-1843; in Hartford, Connecticut, 1843-1849; in Syracuse, New York, 1849-1854. From 1855-1870 he was Harbor Master of New York. He was a member of the Second Unitarian Church in Brooklyn and an ardent advocate of anti-slavery and temperance reforms. Early in life he began writing hymns and other poems which were printed in various periodicals, but for many of which the date and occasion are impossible to determine. They were collected for publication in a volume entitled _Poems_, Philadelphia, 1841, and this book, enlarged with his later poems, was republished in 1871 after his death, with a biographical notice by his wife. Some of the best were included in the British collection _Lyra Sacra Americana_, 1868, the editor of which, Dr. Cleveland, said, "Most of these beautiful hymns of Mr. Burleigh's were given to me in ms. by the author." From this publication they were taken for extensive use in British hymn books. 1. _Abide not in the realm of dreams_, (The Harvest Call) Included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., is a poem of 10 stanzas from which a cento consisting of the first two lines of stanza 1 combined with the second two lines of stanza 2, followed by stanzas 3, 6, 7 and 10 are taken to form a hymn in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 2. _Fades from the west the farewell light_ (Night) This poem, entitled "A Psalm of Night," is given in his _Poems_, New York, 1871. Although not in the first edition of _Poems_, 1841, stanzas selected from it came into use as early as 1844. The original is in 5 stanzas of 8 lines. From it the following centos have come into use. (a) _Day unto day uttereth speech_, This consists of stanzas III-V, and is given in the _Christian Hymns_ of the Cheshire Pastoral Association, 1844, as an "Evening Hymn." (b) _O Holy Father, mid the calm_ This cento consists of stanzas IV-V, and is given in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. (c) _Not only doth the voiceful day_, Composed of stanzas II-III, in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. Another arrangement beginning with the same stanza is in _Lyra Sacra Americana_. (d) _The brightening dawn and voiceful day_, In the British _Hymnary_, London, 1872, an altered form of (c), with the addition of a doxology. In these various forms the use of this hymn was very extensive. 3. _Father, beneath thy sheltering wing_, (Trust and Peace) Printed in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, in 4 stanzas of 4 lines. Included in the British _Baptist Hymnal_, 1879; in Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884; and others; and in many American collections. 4. _Father, thy servant waits to do thy will_ (Ordination) "Written for the ordination of Mr. J. W. Chadwick, as pastor of the Second Unitarian Church, in Brooklyn, New York, 1864." Included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc. 5. _For the dear love that kept us through the night_ (Morning) Taken from the author's _Poems_, 1871, for inclusion in Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884. 6. _From the profoundest depths of tribulation_ (Lent) A meditative poem rather than a hymn, included in the Supplement to Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns of the Church of Christ_, 1853. 7. _Lead us, O Father, in the paths of peace_ (Divine Guidance) In _Lyra Sacra Americana_ headed "A Prayer for Guidance." This is one of the author's best known and most widely used hymns. Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 8. Not in vain I poured my supplication (Lent) A continuation of the same thought as no. 6, preceding, which it follows in the Supplement to Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. 9. _O deem not that earth's crowning bliss_, (Morning) In his _Poems_, 1871; in _Lyra Sacra Americana_ from which it passed into the British _Baptist Hymnal_, 1879, and Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884, and others. In the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, New York, 1878, the hymn beginning _From lips divine the healing balm_ is a cento from this poem. 10. _Still will we trust though earth seems dark and dreary_, (Faith) From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into many non-conformist collections in Great Britain where it was the most widely used of all of Burleigh's hymns. It had a much more limited use in this country. Included in Putnam's _Singers & Songs_, etc. 11. _There is a beautiful land by the spoiler untrod_, (Heaven) Dr. Cleveland, editor of _Lyra Sacra Americana_ says "This piece was first published in the _Independent_, Jan. 18, 1866." 12. _They who have kept their virgin whiteness_, (Purity) In _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 13. _Thou who look'st with pitying eye_ (Lent) In _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 14. _Through the changes of the day_ (Evening) From his Poems, 1841. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_; in S.P.C.K.'s _Psalms and Hymns_, 1852; in Thring's _Collection_, and other British books. 15. _We ask not that our path be always bright_, (Trust in God) From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884. 16. _When gladness gilds our prosperous day_ (Good in all) From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into Horder's _Congregational Hymns_, 1884. The above hymns have had much less use in this country than in Great Britain. Nos. 7 and 10 are in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_, 1895; nos. 1 and 7 in _Hymns of the Spirit_. 1937, no. 7 in _The Hymnal_, 1940; and no. 3 in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_. The others, though very acceptable expressions of the religious thought and feeling in the era in which the author lived, have now dropped out of use. J. 195-6 Revised H.W.F Chadwick, Rev. John White, Marblehead, Massachusetts, October 19, 1840--December 11, 1904, Brooklyn, New York. After two years of study at the Bridgewater Normal School, and a shorter period at Phillips Exeter Academy, he entered the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1864. He received the degree of A.M. 1888. In December, 1864, he was ordained minister of the Second Unitarian Church, Brooklyn, where he remained until his death. He was an influential preacher and a prolific author in both prose and verse, his principal publications being a _Book of Poems_, 1876, _Nazareth Town_, 1883 (poems), the two being later combined and republished in 1888 with the earlier title; _The Bible Today_, 1879: _Old and New Unitarian Belief_, 1894; and first-rate biographies of _Theodore Parker_, 1901, and _William Ellery Channing_, 1903. After his death a small volume was published entitled _Later Poems_, 1905, and his printed sermons have been collected in 14 volumes. As a young man he became a close friend of W. C. Gannett, _q.v._, and F. L. Hosmer, _q.v._, both of whom were also born in 1840, though not his classmates in the Divinity School, and his hymns are expressions of a theological outlook similar to theirs, notably in his endeavor to give a religious interpretation to the then disputed doctrine of evolution. Although several of his hymns are of exceptionally fine quality, he often wrote in haste, lacking the patience with which his two friends sought for the precise word to convey their meaning, but he often abbreviated or re-wrote his verses at the request of hymn-book editors, or willingly accepted their proposed alterations. The result is that some of his hymns now appear in forms which depart considerably from their original texts. His secular poems, mostly the utterances of a nature lover, are often the too hastily written verse of a minor poet. His _Book of Poems_, 1888, and _Later Poems_, 1905, include all his hymns, three of which had little use, viz: 1. _A gentle tumult in the earth_, (Easter) 1876 2. _Everlasting Holy One_, (Invocation) 1875 3. _O God, we come not as of old_, (Worship) 1874 His best known hymn was written for the Visitation Day exercises at the Harvard Divinity School, 1864, 4. _Eternal Ruler of the ceaseless round_, It has been widely used in Great Britain and in this country. Other hymns by him have had considerable use, as follows: 5. _Another year of setting suns_, (New Year's) 1873 This was written in ten stanzas beginning "That this shall be a better year," but in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, only stas. 5, 6, 7, and 10 are given, beginning as above. 6. _It singeth low in every heart_, (Commemoration) 1876 Written for the 25^th anniversary of the dedication of his church in Brooklyn, and widely used. 7. _Now sing we a song of the harvest_, (Thanksgiving Day) 1871 8. _O Love Divine, of all that is_, (A song of Trust) 1865 9. _O Thou, whose perfect goodness crowns_, (Anniversary Hymn) Written in 1889 for the 25^th anniversary of his ordination. 10. _Thou glorious God, before whose face_, (Anniversary Hymn) Undated. 11. _Thou whose spirit dwells in all_, (Easter) Written in 1890. 12. _Thy seamless robe conceals Thee not_, (Jesus) Written in 1876. Included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but not in later publications. 13. _What has drawn us thus apart_, (Unity of Spirit) Written in 1891. Several of the above hymns, as printed in current hymn-books, consist of selected stanzas, or have been slightly altered from their original forms, in most cases by Gannett and Hosmer, for inclusion in their collection _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, 1911. Two others included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, were not written as hymns but have been quarried out of verses in _Later Poems_, by permission of the author's widow, viz: 14. _Spirit of God, in thunder speak_, (Summons to Duty) This arrangement combines stanzas 13 and 16 in the poem entitled "A Missionary Chant", used as the first two stanzas of the hymn, with stanzas 8 and 9 of the poem to "William Cullen Bryant" as the third and fourth stanzas of the hymn, both poems being found in _Later Poems_, 1905. 15. _Thou mighty God, who didst of old_, (Communion of Saints) This is arranged from the same sources. Stanzas 1 and 2 are the first two stanzas in "William Cullen Bryant," the last three stanzas are stanzas 11, 7, and 8 in "A Missionary Chant," considerably altered. These arrangements were made by H. W. Foote, with the coöperation of F. L. Hosmer and W. C. Gannett, for inclusion in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. Of the hymns listed above _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937 includes Nos. 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 15. J. 216, 1619 Revised by H.W.F. Chapman, Mrs. (No information available). An anti-slavery hymn beginning _O God of freedom! Hear us pray_, is attributed to "Mrs. Chapman" in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. H.W.F. Cheney, Mrs. Ednah D. (Dow) Boston, Massachusetts, June 27, 1824--November 19, 1904, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. She married Seth Wells Cheney. She was the author of several books, including _The Life and Letters of Louisa May Alcott_. She wrote a hymn on "the larger prayer," beginning _At first I prayed for Light_, in 4 stanzas of 10 lines each, printed in the _Riverside Record_ and reprinted in the _Boston Gazette_, February 4, 1882. Enough lines have been taken from this hymn to make a much shorter one in 5 stanzas of four lines each, C.M. for inclusion in Unitarian hymn-books. It has also been considerably rewritten, but since this revised form is not marked as "altered" it is probable that the changes were made by the author or at least with her permission. It is included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Church, Edward Alonzo, Boston, Massachusetts, ---- 1844--January 29, 1929, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He was a business man who wrote in 1904, for the laying of the cornerstone of a new edifice for the Church of the Disciples (Unitarian), Boston, of which he was a member, a hymn beginning, _Almighty Builder, bless, we pray,_ _The cornerstone that here we lay,_ The next year, for the final service in the old edifice which the congregation was leaving, he wrote one beginning, _O Thou to whom in prayer and praise_ _We here have turned with constant heart._ Both hymns were included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and the first is also in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Clapp, Eliza Thayer, 1811-1888. She was a resident of Dorchester, Massachusetts. She was author of _Words in a Sunday School_, of _Studies in Religion_, New York, 1845, and of later essays on religion and of poems posthumously collected in a volume entitled _Essays, Letters and Poems_, privately printed in Boston, 1888. At the request of her friend R. W. Emerson she contributed three hymns and two poems to The _Dial_, 1841. From one of the hymns in 9 stanzas of 4 lines, published in The _Dial_, July, 1841, and entitled "The future is better than the past," is taken the hymn beginning _All before us is the way_, (Onward with confidence) included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, where it was erroneously attributed to Emerson, an error which was repeated in several other collections which included it. J. 234 H.W.F. Clarke, Rev. James Freeman, D.D., Hanover, New Hampshire, April 4, 1810--June 8, 1888, Boston, Massachusetts. He was named for his step-grandfather, Rev. James Freeman, _q.v._ He graduated from Harvard College in 1829 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1833. He served as minister of the Unitarian Church in Louisville, Kentucky, from 1833 to 1840. In 1841 he returned to Boston where he gathered a group of persons interested in the more radical social and religious reforms of the day into a church which he named the Church of the Disciples (Unitarian) of which he remained minister until his death. He became one of the most distinguished ministers of his period in Boston, greatly beloved and admired for his courage as well as his piety, his wisdom as well as his wit. He was the author of several books (and many short printed articles) the best known of which were his _Orthodoxy: its Truths and Errors_, and _Ten Great Religions_. The latter is an amplification of lectures on Comparative Religion which he gave at the Harvard Divinity School as early as 1854, and again for several years in the eighteen-seventies, the earliest course in this field of study to be given in any American theological school. In 1844 he published a _Service Book_ for use by his congregation, which included a small selection of hymns, among them Sarah Flower Adams' _Nearer my, God, to Thee_, which had appeared in England only three years earlier and was now introduced for the first time to an American congregation, whence it quickly passed into numerous other collections. In 1852 a revised and enlarged edition of the _Service Book_ was published entitled the _Disciples Hymn Book_, which included five hymns by the compiler. A few of his poems are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, and the following hymns by him have come into some use. 1. _Brother, hast thou wandered far?_ (The Prodigal) First printed in the _Service Book_, 1844. It appeared in abbreviated form as _Hast thou wasted all the powers?_ (beginning with the second stanza) in _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; in Beecher's _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, and in other American and British books. 2. _Dear Friend, whose presence in the house_, (Jesus at Cana) Dated 1855. A tender poem rather than a hymn, included in the British _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 3. _Father, to us Thy children humbly kneeling_ (Aspiration) About 1833, after arrival in Louisville, Clarke wrote a poem entitled "Hymn and Prayer" beginning _Infinite Spirit, who art round us ever_, which was published in _The Dial_ for January, 1841. Five stanzas beginning _Unseen, yet not unfelt!--if any thought_ were taken from this form of the poem for inclusion in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, but already Clarke had taken from his poem, and largely rewritten, three stanzas to make the hymn beginning as above. In this later form it was included in his _Service Book_, 1844, in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, in the _Disciples Hymn Book_, 1852, and in many later collections down to the present day. 4. _For all thy gifts we bless Thee, Lord_ Written for a Unitarian Convention in New York City, held on October 22, 1845, and included in _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. 5. _Hast thou wasted all the powers_, Included in _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. 6. _To him who children blessed_ (Christening) 7. _To Thee, O God in heaven_ (Christening) Both of these tender and beautiful hymns for a christening appeared in the _Service Book_, 1844, and have passed into a good many other collections, although hymns are now seldom sung at such a service. Of the above no. 3 was included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, attributed to Clarke, and nos. 1, 5 and 6 were included as Anonymous. In their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, these hymns were correctly attributed to Clarke. He was the author of a limited quantity of pleasing religious verse acceptable to his many friends rather than a hymn writer of distinction, his best ones being nos. 3, 5 and 6. _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, includes nos. 3 and 6; _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935, includes nos. 3 and 5; _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, has only no. 3. J. 235, 1556 Re-written, H.W.F. Collyer, Rev. Robert, D.D., Keighly, Yorkshire, England, December 8, 1823--November 30, 1912, New York, New York. His education in childhood was very limited, and in early manhood he became a blacksmith, which had been his father's trade. He joined the Methodist Church in 1847 and three years later sailed for America, settling at Shoemakertown, Pennsylvania, where he was both a blacksmith and a preacher. Having become acquainted with Dr. W. H. Furness, _q.v._, of Philadelphia, he accepted Unitarian beliefs and left the Methodist Church. His great intellectual abilities and natural gifts as a preacher brought him an invitation in 1859 to go to Chicago to take charge of the newly organized Unity Church in that city, which he served until 1879, when he accepted a call to the Church of the Messiah (Unitarian), New York. He was a widely popular lecturer and author of many published sermons, other articles, and a few occasional verses. The church of which he was minister was destroyed by the great Chicago fire of 1870 but was soon rebuilt. For the dedication of the new building in December 3, 1873, he wrote his one fine hymn beginning, _With thankful hearts, O God, we come_, which altered to _Unto thy temple, Lord, we come_, has had wide use in Unitarian hymn books and is included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1623 H.W.F. Clute, Rev. Oscar, Bethlehem, New York, March 11, 1837--January 27, 1902, Sawtelle, California. He took the degree of M.S. at Michigan State College, and then studied at Meadville Theological School, 1867-1868. In the latter year he was ordained as minister of the Unitarian Church at Vineland, New Jersey, where he remained for five years. He served churches in Keokuk, Iowa, 1875-1878; Iowa City, 1878-1888; and Pomona, California, 1888-1889. From 1889 to 1893 he was president of Michigan State Agricultural College, and president of Florida Agricultural College from 1893 to 1897, when he moved to California. He wrote a hymn beginning, _O Love of God most full,_ _O Love of God most free,_ which is included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and in _The Hymnal_ (Presbyterian), 1935, the Handbook to which describes it as "a rhapsody of gratitude for the love of God." J. 1682 H.W.F. Dana, Charles Anderson, Hinsdale, New Hampshire, August 8, 1819--October 17, 1897, Glen Cove, Long Island, New York. He was one of the leaders in the Brook Farm Association, 1842; then became a journalist and man of letters; on the staff of the New York _Tribune_, 1847-1862; Assistant Secretary of War, 1863-1864; editor of the New York _Sun_, 1868. The hymn beginning _Work, and thou shalt bless the day_ (Joy in Labor) which Hedge and Huntington included in their _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and attributed to "C. A. Dana" was probably written while he was engaged in the Brook Farm experiment. H.W.F. Dwight, Rev. John Sullivan, Boston, Massachusetts, May 13, 1812--September 5, 1893. He graduated from Harvard College and from the Harvard Divinity School, and entered the Unitarian ministry, but after six years turned to literary pursuits, and was for nearly 50 years editor of the Journal of Music. A meditative poem by him in seven stanzas, entitled "True Rest," beginning _Sweet is the pleasure_, is included in the Supplement in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, but it is not a hymn and his only connection with hymnody was his part in re-writing the hymn beginning _God bless our native land!_ by his friend, C. T. Brooks, _q.v._ In most versions of this much altered hymn the second stanza is in the form given it by Dwight. J. 1560, 1631 H.W.F. Emerson, Ralph Waldo, LL.D., Boston, Massachusetts, May 25, 1803--April 27, 1882, Concord, Massachusetts. He was the son of Rev. William Emerson, _q.v._, minister of the First Church of Boston (Unitarian) who, though not himself a hymn writer, published in 1808 the excellent small collection entitled _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns_ (5). R. W. Emerson graduated from Harvard College in 1821 and after further study in the Harvard Divinity School took his A.M. in 1827. He was ordained in 1829 as minister of the Second Church of Boston (Unitarian). He served the church for three years but resigned in 1832, feeling that his pastoral work was inadequate and that he was not in accord with his parishioners' views about the Communion Service. A volume of his sermons, selected and edited by A. C. McGiffert, Jr., was published in 1938 under the title _The Young Emerson Speaks_. Although he preached occasionally for several years thereafter he never held another pastorate, but retired to Concord and devoted himself to lecturing and authorship. As an essayist and poet he rose to great and lasting distinction. He published _Orations, Lectures, and Addresses_, 1844; _Poems_, 1846; _Representative Men_, 1850; _English Traits_, 1856; and a succession of later volumes. His _Collected Works_ were published after his death, in 12 volumes. Perhaps his most famous essay was his epoch-making _Divinity School Address_, delivered in 1838. In 1833 he wrote his hymn _We love the venerable house_ (The house of God) for the ordination of his successor, Rev. Chandler Robbins, _q.v._, in the Second Church, though it is more a commemorative poem than an ordination hymn. It was included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864; in Martineau's _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, printed in England in 1873; and in later Unitarian and other hymn books down to the present day. Four stanzas selected from this poem, beginning with the second, _Here holy thoughts a light have shed_, were included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, though without the author's name, and the same collection erroneously attributed to Emerson a hymn beginning, _All before us is the way_, the author of which was Eliza T. Clapp, _q.v._, an error which was repeated in various other collections. Part of Emerson's poem entitled _The Problem_, beginning _Out of the heart of nature rolled_ (The Everlasting Word) originally printed in the _Dial_, July, 1840, and then in his _Poems_, 1846, was also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in Martineau's _Hymns_, but has since dropped out of use. Another poem of two stanzas beginning _Not gold, but only men can make_ was attributed to Emerson in the later book called _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, probably mistakenly. These verses are listed as Emerson's in Granger's _Index to Poetry and Recitations_, under _A Nation's Strength_, and Granger states that they are to be found in a publication of The Penn Publishing Company of Philadelphia. They are not to be found, however, in the _Centenary Edition of Emerson's Poems_ nor in Hubbell's _Concordance to the poems of Emerson_ (N. Y., Wilson, 1932). It is therefore doubtful whether the attribution to Emerson is well-founded. J. 329 Revised by H.W.F. Everett, William, Watertown, Massachusetts, October 10, 1839--February 16, 1910, Quincy, Massachusetts. Son of Hon. Edward Everett. He graduated from Harvard College in 1859; took the B.A. degree at Cambridge University, England, in 1863; and the degrees of A.M. and LL. B. at Harvard in 1865. He received the honorary degree of Litt.D. from Williams College in 1889 and the degree of LL.D. from the same college in 1893 and from Dartmouth in 1901. After graduation from the Harvard Law School he did not enter the legal profession but served the College as tutor and then Assistant Professor of Latin for several years. In 1872 the Boston Association of Ministers licensed him as a lay preacher and thereafter he spoke frequently in Unitarian pulpits in New England, but he was never ordained as a settled minister. He served Adams Academy in Quincy, Massachusetts as headmaster from 1877 to 1907, with an interruption of two years when in 1893 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives in Washington. In 1866 _The Christian Register_ printed his hymn beginning _Deal gently with us, Lord_, and three years later he wrote "for the Unitarian Festival at the Music Hall [Boston], May 27, 1869" a hymn beginning _Almighty Father, Thou didst frame_ These hymns, and four others by him, are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs, Etc._ J. 1634 H.W.F. Fernald, Woodbury Melcher, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, March 21, 1813--December 10, 1873, Boston, Massachusetts. He entered the Universalist ministry in 1835 and served churches of that denomination in Newburyport and Chicopee, Massachusetts, and elsewhere, for a few years. He then became a Unitarian, without entering the ministry of that denomination, and eventually joined the Swedenborgian Church of the New Jerusalem in Boston. He did some travelling on behalf of this body, as far west as Wisconsin, in intervals of employment at the Custom House and, later, at the Post Office in Boston. He was author of books and essays, most of them expositions of Swedenborgian doctrine, and of a small amount of occasional verse, published in the periodicals of the day but never collected in a printed volume. In his private collection of his poems are a few hymns, only two of which appear to have had any public use. One beginning _Great Source of being, truth and love_, was written for the ordination of Rev. Thomas C. Adam as pastor of the West Universalist Society in Boston, March 12, 1845. The other, _When Israel, humbled of the Lord_, a protest against slavery published in the _Boston Journal_, in July, 1861, was included, in part and considerably re-written, in _The Soldier's Companion: Dedicated to the Defenders of their Country in the Field, by their Friends at Home_. This was published as the Army Number of the _Monthly Journal_, Boston, October, 1861, vol. II, no. 10, a small Unitarian collection of hymns and devotional readings. In this collection the hymn begins, _When Israel's foes, a numerous host_, and is attributed to "Rev. W. M. Fernald," though it is not included in this form in the author's private collection of his verse. None of his hymns appear to have had any further use. H.W.F. Flint, Rev. James, D.D. Reading, Massachusetts, December 10, 1779--March 4, 1855. He graduated from Harvard College in 1802, and was ordained an orthodox Congregational minister at East Bridgewater in 1806, where he soon adopted more liberal beliefs, and carried most of his congregation with him. In 1821 he accepted a call to the East Church (Unitarian) Salem, Massachusetts, where he served until his death. In 1843 he published _A Collection of Hymns for the Christian Church and Home_, to replace the earlier collection (1788) by Rev. William Bentley, _q.v._, for use in the East Church. Flint's _Collection_ included several hymns by himself. One of them, "On leaving an old house of worship," beginning _Here to the high and holy One_ was included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841, as was a second, written in 1840 for the 200^th anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Quincy, Massachusetts, beginning, _In pleasant lands have fallen the lines_ _That bound our goodly heritage._ This second hymn has been included in a number of later hymnbooks, among them _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 379 H.W.F. Follen, Mrs. Eliza Lee (Cabot), Boston, Massachusetts, August 15, 1787--January 26, 1860, Brookline, Massachusetts. In 1828 she married Dr. Charles Follen, a German scholar who had sought freedom in this country and who was then teaching German Literature and Ecclesiastical History at Harvard. Later he was minister of the Unitarian Church (now called the Follen Church Society) at East Lexington, Massachusetts. Mrs. Follen both before and after her marriage contributed verse and prose articles to various periodicals and published a number of small books, including _Hymns for Children_, Boston, 1825; _Poems_, 1839, and, while she was in England in 1854, another small volume for children, entitled _The Lark and the Linnet_. These books contain some translations from the German and the versions of a few Psalms. Her best known hymns are 1. _How sweet to be allowed to pray_, (Resignation) This first appeared in _The Christian Disciple_, September 1818, then in her _Poems_, 1839, entitled "Thy will be done." 2. _How sweet upon this sacred day_ (Sunday) In _The Christian Disciple_, September, 1828, and in _Poems_, entitled "Sabbath Day." 3. _Lord deliver, thou canst save_, (Prayer for the Slave) In _Songs of the Free_, 1836; in Adams and Chapin's (Universalist) _Hymns for Christian Devotion_, Boston, 1845; in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; and in other collections, but not included in her _Poems_. 4. _God, thou art good, each perfumed flower_, (God In Nature) This first appeared in _Hymns for Children_, Boston, 1825, beginning with a defective line (7s instead of 8s) (a) _God is good! each perfumed flower_ and altered as above in her _Poems_ and in _The Lark and the Linnet_. This hymn underwent further transformations in England. In Emily Taylor's _Sabbath Recreations_, 1826, it was included as an original piece never before printed, and signed "E.L.C.", the initials of Mrs. Follen's maiden name. Possibly she sent a ms. copy to Miss Taylor before it appeared in Boston. In J. R. Beard's British Unitarian _Collection of Hymns_, 1837, it appears as (b) _Yes, God is good! each perfumed flower_, J. H. Gurney, the Anglican hymn writer and editor, included it in his Lutterworth _Collection of Hymns for Public Worship_, 1838, but, while retaining Mrs. Follen's opening stanza, rewrote about half of the remaining four stanzas, and in his later _Marylebone Collection_, 1851, rewrote it further, beginning it (c) _Yes, God is Good.--in earth and sky,_ and in a note appended to the Index of first lines he wrote that he had found the hymn "in a small American volume ---- well conceived, but very imperfectly executed," and that because of "successive alterations--the writer has not scrupled to put his name to it, J.H.G." In these altered forms the hymn had considerable use in England (For further details see Julian, _Dictionary_, 1298). 5. _Will God, who made the earth and sea_, (Child's Prayer) In _Poems_, 1839. In Dr. Allan's (English) _Children's Worship_ it is erroneously attributed to "H. Bateman." The only one of Mrs. Follen's hymns in present use is 4_c_, in _The Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, but several of her poems are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_. J. 380, 1298 H.W.F. Foote, Rev. Henry Wilder (I), Salem, Massachusetts, June 2, 1838--May 29, 1889, Boston, Massachusetts. Educated at Harvard, A.B. 1858; A.M. 1861; graduated at the Harvard Divinity School, 1861. He was minister of King's Chapel (Unitarian), Boston, from 1861 until his death, and his book, _The Annals of King's Chapel_ (vol. I, 1882, vol. II, 1896, completed by others) gives an authoritative account of the religious controversies in Colonial Boston. At the time of his death he had in preparation a hymnbook to replace the _Collection of Psalms and Hymns_ which his predecessor, Rev. F. W. P. Greenwood, _q.v._, had published in 1830. His hymnbook was completed by his widow, his sister Mrs. Mary W. Tileston, (_q.v._) and his brother Arthur Foote, and was published in 1891 as _Hymns of the Church Universal_. It was notable for its scholarly catholicity and helped to introduce to American congregations the then popular English hymn tunes of the "cathedral school" by Barnby, Dykes, Stainer, Sullivan and others. The book included the hymn which Mr. Foote had written for the Visitation Day (graduation exercises) at the Divinity School in 1861, _O Thou with whom in sweet content_ This hymn has also been included in _Hymns for Church and Home_, 1896, in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1604 H.W.F. Foote, Rev. Henry Wilder (II), D.D., Litt.D., Boston, Massachusetts, February 2, 1875--still living. Son of the above; educated at Harvard, A.B. 1897; A.M. 1900; S.T.B. 1902. He entered the Unitarian ministry and has served churches in New Orleans, Louisiana; Ann Arbor, Michigan; Belmont, Massachusetts and Charlottesville, Virginia. From 1914-1924 he was an assistant professor at the Harvard Divinity School where he gave a course on the history of Christian hymnody. He was secretary of the committee which edited _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, published in 1914 by the American Unitarian Association, and was chairman of the committee which edited _Hymns of the Spirit_, published in 1937 by the Beacon Press (to be distinguished from the earlier _Hymns of the Spirit_ by S. Johnson and S. Longfellow, 1864). This later book includes one hymn by Dr. Foote beginning, _Thou whose love brought us to birth_, Dr. Foote also edited the words in _The Concord Anthem Book_, 1924, and in _The Second Concord Anthem Book_, 1936, for which Professor Archibald T. Davison selected and edited the music. He is the author of several books and articles on the cultural or religious aspects of American colonial history, one of which, _Three Centuries of American Hymnody_, 1940, covers the period from the publication of the _Bay Psalm Book_ in 1640 to the late nineteen-thirties. Freeman, James, D.D., Charlestown, Massachusetts, April 22, 1759--November 14, 1835, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1777. In March, 1776, Rev. Henry Caner, rector of King's Chapel, Boston, left with the British troops when they evacuated the town, accompanied by many of his leading parishioners. The remaining members of the church in September, 1782, engaged James Freeman as a lay "Reader" to conduct worship. The prayers for the King and royal family of England had been dropped and Freemen soon began to omit references to the Trinity, expecting soon to be dismissed as Reader. Instead the congregation voted to revise the liturgy in accordance with his beliefs and in 1785 published the first edition of the "Book of Common Prayer according to the Use of King's Chapel." This action led Bishop Seabury, after his arrival in America, to refuse ordination to Freeman, whereupon the congregation ordained him according to Congregational usage. Freeman thus became "the first avowed preacher of Unitarianism in the United States." He remained active pastor of the Chapel until 1826. He edited a _Collection of Psalms and Hymns for public worship_, published in 1799. It included 155 psalms "selected chiefly from Tate and Brady," followed by 90 hymns, and remained in use in the Chapel until the publication in 1830 of the much better _Collection_ edited by his successor, Rev. F. W. P. Greenwood, _q.v._ Freeman wrote one hymn _Lord of the worlds below_ (The Seasons) which first appeared in his _Collection_, from which it passed to a number of later ones. It is an adaptation for congregational use of Thomson's "Hymn on the Seasons." See Putnam, _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_. J. 389 Revised by H.W.F. Frothingham, Rev. Nathaniel Langdon, D.D., Boston, July 23, 1793--April 4, 1870, Boston. He graduated from Harvard in 1811, and after a brief period of further study and as tutor in the College, he entered the Unitarian ministry and in 1815 was settled as minister of the First Church in Boston, where he served until 1850, when ill-health and approaching blindness caused his resignation. He was one of the most distinguished Boston ministers of his period, and the author of a good deal of verse, published in his _Metrical Pieces, Translated and Original_, 1855, and in a second volume with the same title in 1870. In 1828 he wrote his finest hymn, 1. _O God, whose presence glows in all_ for the ordination of his friend, W. P. Lunt, _q.v._, as minister of the Second Unitarian Congregational Church, New York, on June 19, of that year. In 1835 he wrote 2. _We meditate the day_ for the installation of Mr. Lunt as Co-pastor with Rev. Peter Whitney of the First Church at Quincy, Massachusetts, and in 1839 he wrote 3. _O Lord of life and truth and grace_, for the ordination of Henry Whitney Bellows in New York. His later hymns were 4. _O Saviour, whose immortal word_, "Written for the Dedication of the Church of the Saviour, Boston, November 16, 1847."; 5. _Remember me, the Saviour said_, (Communion Service) 6. _The Lord gave the word,_ _'Twas the word of his truth._ 7. _The patriarch's dove, on weary wing_, 8. _They passed away from sight_, (Death and Burial) 9. _When I am weak, I'm strong_ (Spiritual Strength) Of these hymns the first two were included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841; nos. 1, 2, 6 and 7 were included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ (1853); and all but no. 8 are included in the author's _Metrical Pieces_, 1855. No. 5 had considerable use in the 19^th century, but no. 1 alone survives in 20^th century Unitarian collections. J. 400, 1564 Revised H.W.F. Frothingham, Rev. Octavius Brooks, son of Rev. Nathaniel Langdon Frothingham, D.D., _q.v._, Boston, November 26, 1822--November 27, 1895, Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 1843, and in 1846 from the Harvard Divinity School, where, for the graduating exercises of his class, he wrote his fine, and only, hymn, _Thou Lord of Hosts, whose guiding hand_, (Soldiers of the Cross) which was included in the _Book of Hymns_ prepared by his classmates, Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson, published later in the same year. He served as minister of the (Unitarian) North Church, Salem, Massachusetts from 1847 to 1855, and became minister of the Third Congregational Church in New York City, resigning in 1879. He was a bold, outspoken, eloquent speaker, and the author of many printed discourses and of several important biographies. J. 400, 1638 H.W.F. Furness, Rev. William Henry, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, April 20, 1802--January 30, 1896, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Harvard College in 1820 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1823, and was given the degree of Doctor of Divinity by Harvard in 1847. In 1825 he was ordained minister of the First Unitarian Church in Philadelphia where he served for 50 years before becoming pastor emeritus, his connection with the church covering a period of 71 years. He was an accomplished scholar, and attained distinction as a preacher, an author and a worker in social reforms. His publications include _Notes on the Gospels_, 1836; _Jesus and his Biographers_, 1838; _The History of Jesus_, 1850; _a Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840, in which his earlier hymns were printed; a translation of Schiller's _Song of the Bell_; and other translations from the German. His collected _Verses, Translations and Hymns_ appeared in 1886. The following hymns by him have had considerable use. 1. _Father in heaven, to Thee my heart_, Appeared in The _Christian Disciple_, 1822. It was printed in this form in several collections, including the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868. In Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, it reads _Father in heaven, to whom our hearts_ and was reprinted in this form in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in Martineau's _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, 1873. This hymn has sometimes been attributed to "H. Ware," in error. 2. _Feeble, helpless, how shall I_, Included on the Cheshire _Christian Hymns_, 1844, and in later 19^th century Unitarian publications; also in the British _Lyra Sacra Americana_, 1868, and Thring's _Collection_, 1882. 3. _Have mercy, O Father_, Contributed to Martineau's _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, 1873. 4. _Here in a world of doubt_, (Psalm XLII) Contributed to the New York Lutheran Coll., 1834, and included in the author's _Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840 and in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 5. _Here in the broken bread_, Included in the _Appendix_ to the Philadelphia Unitarian _Collection_, 1828; in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; and in a few later collections, among them _The Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868. 6. _Holy Father, Gracious art Thou_, Contributed to Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 7. _I feel within a want_, Included in the Cheshire _Christian Hymns_, 1844; in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; and in a few other collections. 8. _In the morning I will praise_ (pray) In the author's _Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840, this hymn began _In the morning I will raise_ and was thus included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873, but in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and later American collections the first stanza is dropped and the hymn begins _In the morning I will pray_ 9. _O for a prophet's fire,_ Included in the _Appendix_ to the Philadelphia Unitarian _Collection_, 1828, and in the Cheshire _Christian Hymns_, 1844. 10. _Richly, O richly have I been_, Written in 1823 and included in the author's _Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840. In Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, it is altered to begin _O richly, Father, have I been_ In Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and most later Unitarian and other collections, the opening stanza is dropped and it begins with the second stanza, _Unworthy to be called Thy son_, 11. _She is not dead, but sleepeth_ Included in the author's _Verses, Translations and Hymns_, 1886. 12. _Slowly by Thy [God's] hand unfurled_ Written in 1825 and included in the author's _Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840. In Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, the first line was changed to read, _Slowly by God's hand unfurled_, and was thus printed in the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868. In Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873, and in most later American Unitarian collections, the original reading has been retained. 13. _That God is Love, unchanging Love_, Written in 1892 and included in _Hymns for Church and Home_, 1896, and in _The Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. 14. _Thou only Living, only True_, An ordination hymn, dated 1868, included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. 15. _Thou who dost all things give_ Written in 1869. Included in the author's _Verses, Translations and Hymns_, 1886; in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1904; and in Horder's _Treasury of American Sacred Song_, 1896. 16. _To the High and Holy One_, This is printed in full in _Lyra Sacra Americana_, 1868. In Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, the first stanza is dropped and it begins with the 2^nd stanza, _To the truth that makes us free_, 17. _What is the world that it should share_, Printed in the _Christian Disciple_, 1822, and in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873. It begins with the second stanza of a hymn of which the opening line reads, _Here in Thy temple, Lord, we bow_, In _Lyra Sacra Americana_ it is altered to read _Oh, is there aught on earth to share_ 18. _What is this that stirs within_? Printed in the author's _Manual of Domestic Worship_, 1840; in the Cheshire _Christian Hymns_, 1844, in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, and in a good many other American collections. Dr. Furness's hymns, though creditable religious verse of the period and widely esteemed because of the author's distinction, nowhere attain a very high level of poetic beauty, and almost all of them have passed out of use. Only nos. 8, 10, and 12 were included in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and only no. 12 survives in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 402, 1638 Revised by H.W.F. Fuller, Sarah Margaret, Cambridge, Massachusetts, May 23, 1810--July 16, 1850, in a shipwreck south of New York. In 1847 she married the Marchese Ossoli in Rome. She did educational work in Boston and in Providence, Rhode Island, edited _The Dial_ in 1840, and was noted locally for her intellectual brilliance. Memorials of her by R. W. Emerson, W. H. Channing and J. F. Clarke appeared in 1851, her _Works_ in 1874. Her hymn beginning _Jesus, a child his course began_, (Christ the Pattern of Childhood) from _Life Without and Life Within_, 1859, p. 404, had some use in Great Britain as well as in America. J. 1585 H.W.F. Gannett, Rev. William Channing, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, March 13, 1840--December 15, 1923, Rochester, New York. He graduated from Harvard College in 1860; taught school in Newport, Rhode Island one year; and spent four years on St. Helena Island, South Carolina, as agent for the New England Freedmen's Society doing relief and educational work with the thousands of Negro refugees gathered there. In 1865 he studied for a year in Europe, then entered the Harvard Divinity School from which he graduated in 1868. His first pastorate was in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1868-1871. He then spent several years writing a biography of his father, Ezra Stiles Gannett, who had been William Ellery Channing's successor as minister of the Federal Street Church, Boston. He was minister of Unity Church in St. Paul, Minnesota, 1877-1883; served the Western Unitarian Conference for four years; was minister at Hinsdale, Illinois, 1887-1889; and of the Unitarian Church in Rochester, New York, 1889-1908, where he remained as minister-emeritus until his death. Throughout his professional career he was closely associated with Frederick Lucian Hosmer, _q.v._ Together they published three small collections entitled _The Thought of God in Hymns and Poems_, the first in 1885, the second in 1894, the third in 1918; and together they also edited _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, revised edition in 1911. James Vila Blake, _q.v._, was co-editor of the first edition. This little hymn book is a markedly individualistic production with many of the older hymns altered to conform to the beliefs of the editors. In these publications, in which most of their own hymns were first published, and in the careful workmanship with which their thought was brought to a perfection of poetic utterance, Gannett and Hosmer may be compared to Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson whose _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, had appeared a generation earlier. Dr. Gannett's hymns are listed, with annotations "based upon ms. notes kindly supplied by the author" in Julian's _Dictionary of Hymnology_, pp. 1638-9, as follows: 1. _Bring, O morn thy music! Night thy starlit silence!_ (God Everlasting) Written in 1892, and printed in _A Chorus of Faith_, being an account and resumé of the Parliament of Religions, held in Chicago, 1893. Included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, and again in several hymnals. 2. _Clear in memory's silent reaches_, (Memory) Written in 1877 for a Free Religious Association Festival, and published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 3. _From heart to heart, from creed to creed_, (Faith) Written in 1875 for 150^th anniversary of the First Religious Society of Newburyport, and given in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 4. _He hides within the lily_, (Divine Providence) "Consider the lilies, how they grow." Written in 1873, and printed for use at the Free Religious Association Festival, May 30, 1873. Published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, in 4 st. of 8 l. The most widely used of the author's hymns. 5. _I hear it often in the dark_, (The Voice of God) Written at Milwaukee in 1870, and published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. Sometimes it begins with St. iii, "O God within, so close to me," as in _Hys. for Church and Home_, Boston, 1895. 6. _Praise to God and Thanksgiving_, (Harvest) Written in 1882 for a Harvest Festival at St. Paul, Minnesota, where he was then a pastor, and included in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. In the Boston _Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1904, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, it begins _Praise to God, and thanks we bring_, 7. _Sleep, my little Jesus_, (Christmas Carol) Written for the Sunday School, St. Paul, Minnesota, in 1882, and given in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, as "Mary's Manger Song." 8. _The Lord is in His holy place_ (Dedication of a Place of Worship) Written for the Dedication of the Rev. C. W. Wendte's Church, Chicago, April 24, 1873, and published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. It is one of the most popular and widely used of the author's hymns. 9. _The morning hangs its signal_, (Morning) This is dated by the author "Chicago, July 30, 1886," and printed in _Love to God and Love to Man_, being no. 28 of the Chicago "Unity Mission" series of hymns, n.d. It is also included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. Although a morning hymn it is adapted for use in Advent. It is usually known as "The Crowning Day." Of the hymns thus listed in Julian's _Dictionary_ Nos. 1, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9 have been widely used and are included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. No. 1 was written to be set to J. B. Dykes' tune _Nicaea_, to which it is usually sung. No. 4 is probably the earliest hymn in the English language to give a religious interpretation of the then novel and controversial doctrine of evolution. No. 9, as included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, is attributed to "William Channing Gannett and others", being an arrangement from one of his poems. Another fine hymn by Dr. Gannett beginning, 10. _God laid his rocks in courses_, is unaccountably missing from the above list in Julian's _Dictionary_. It is dated 1888 and was written for the dedication of the church in Hinsdale which was erected shortly before his pastorate there came to an end. _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, also includes as a hymn beginning, 11. _It sounds along the ages_, an arrangement of stanzas from one of Dr. Gannett's poems entitled "The Word of God." Finally, mention should be made of his part in giving form to the great hymn beginning 12. _Praise to the living God! All praiséd be his name!_ This is a metrical version of the Yigdal, a summary of the Jewish faith attributed to Daniel Ben Judah who lived about the 14^th century A.D. About 1760 Thomas Olivers, a Methodist preacher visiting a Jewish synagogue in London, heard it chanted in Hebrew by the cantor Leoni (Meyer Lyon) to a traditional melody. Much impressed he secured a prose translation which he turned into the hymn beginning _The God of Abraham praise_, to be sung to the same tune, to which he gave the name Leoni. His version, however, did not follow the original text at all closely, for he gave it a Christian interpretation. (A detailed account of this episode will be found in Julian's _Dictionary_, pp. 1149-1151.) This hymn soon became, and has remained, widely popular. In the 1880's Rabbi Max Landsberg of Temple Berith Kodesh in Rochester, New York, a friend of Rev. Newton Mann, _q.v._ then minister of the Unitarian Church in Rochester, asked Mr. Mann if he could not make a metrical version of the Yigdal in English which would be a more exact translation. Mr. Mann did so, but not in the metre of the tune to which the Hebrew text was sung. After Dr. Gannett had succeeded Mr. Mann in Rochester, Rabbi Landsberg asked him to recast Mr. Mann's version in the same metre as the tune. Dr. Gannett did so, and his version in 5 stas. was included in the Jewish _Union Hymnal_, 1910, from which, with one stanza omitted and some other alterations which in most cases are not improvements, it has come into a number of Christian hymn books. The unchanged version in 4 stas. will be found in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, where it is recorded as "Revised version of the Yigdal of Daniel Ben Judah" and the tune is called "Yigdal (Leoni)" and is described as "Jewish Melody, arr. by Meyer Lyon." Dr. Gannett never claimed this version as his, and it is now impossible to discover how much of its wording is due to Mr. Mann's earlier verse, but its poetic perfection is highly suggestive of Dr. Gannett's craftsmanship, which assuredly has contributed much to its present form. H.W.F Gilman, Mrs. Caroline (Howard), Boston, Massachusetts, October 8, 1794--September 18, 1888, Washington D. C. She married Rev. Samuel Gilman, _q.v._, on October 14, 1819, and after his death in 1858 lived for a time in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and later in Tiverton, Long Island, New York. She began to write stories and poems at an early age, many of which were published in "The Rosebud," later called "The Southern Rose," a juvenile weekly paper published in Charleston, South Carolina, which she edited for several years, beginning in 1832. Her book entitled "Verses of a Lifetime" was published in 1854, as were a number of other books which gave her a considerable reputation as an author. Five of her poems are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. Two of her hymns had considerable use, 1. _Is there a lone and dreary hour_, (Providence) This was contributed to Sewall's _Collection_, 1820, in 4 stanzas of 4 lines, to which in 1867 she added a fifth stanza for inclusion in the Charleston _Services and Hymns_. This hymn had wide use in both British and American collections in the 19^th century. 2. _We bless Thee for this sacred day_ (Sunday) Also contributed to Sewall's _Collection_, 1820, in 4 stanzas of 4 lines, to which she added a fifth stanza, when included in the Charleston _Services and Hymns_, 1867. Neither of these hymns is in current use. J. 423 Revised by H.W.F. Gilman, Rev. Samuel, D.D., Gloucester, Massachusetts, February 16, 1791--February 9, 1858, Kingston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1811, served the College as tutor in mathematics for two years, and studied in the Harvard Divinity School. On December 1, 1819, he was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church in Charleston, South Carolina, which he served with great distinction until his death, which occurred while on a visit to Massachusetts. His wife, Caroline Howard Gilman, _q.v._, was a writer noted in her day. He wrote a good many poems and essays, published in magazines; a book, "Memoirs of a New England Village Choir," 1829, which ran to three editions; and in 1856 a volume of his miscellaneous essays, entitled "Contributions to Literature, Descriptive, Critical, Humorous, Biographical, Philosophical and Poetical." His two best known songs were _The Union Ode_, composed for the Union party of South Carolina and sung there on July 4, 1831, during the Nullification excitement, and later in the North during the Civil War; and the college hymn _Fair Harvard_, which he wrote in 1836. He had come to Cambridge for the twenty-fifth anniversary of his graduation and the 200^th anniversary of the founding of the College. On the eve of the celebration, having already an established reputation as a poet, he was asked to write a song for the occasion and it was sung at the meeting on September 8, 1836, to a tune popular at the time, composed for the song "Believe me, if all those endearing young charms." Harvard gave him the honorary degree of D.D. in 1837. He wrote a number of hymns of minor importance. 1. _O God, accept this sacred hour_ (Communion) was contributed to Rev. Thaddeus Mason Harris's _Hymns for the Lord's Supper_, 1820, and was republished in Sewall's New York Collection of the same year, in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and other collections. 2. _This child we dedicate to Thee_ (Christening) In Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ the author's name is not given and the piece is attributed to the _West Boston Collection_, 1823. Putnam, in _Singers and Songs_, etc., p. 73, gives four of its original stanzas, and says that it is a translation from the German, but the original has not been traced. 3. _We sing Thy mercy, God of love_, (Communion) Contributed to _Hymns of the Lord's Supper_ and included in Sewall's New York _Collection_. 4. _Who would sever freedom's shrine?_ A song supporting the Union cause, of which Gilman was a strong advocate, written at the time of the Nullification agitation. Several stanzas from it, beginning as above, were included in _The Soldier's Companion_, 1861. 5. _Yes, to the [that] last command_ (Communion) Like no. 1 and 3 included in _Hymns for the Lord's Supper_ and in Sewall's _Collection_. All these hymns have long since passed out of use. Gilman (with C. M. Taggart) edited the _Charleston Collection_ in 1854, under the title _Services and Hymns for the use of the Unitarian Church of Charleston, S.C._, a second and enlarged edition of which appeared in 1867. It included three of his hymns, nos. 1, 3 and 5, listed above, and the two by his wife, Caroline Gilman, _q.v._, listed under her name. J. 423, 1592 revised--H.W.F. Goldsmith, Rev. Peter Hair, D.D. (1865-1926) was born in Greenville, South Carolina. He was educated at the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary, Louisville, Kentucky, and served several Baptist churches before transferring his membership to the Unitarian denomination, after which he served as minister to the First Church in Salem, Massachusetts, 1903-1910, and to the church in Yonkers, New York, 1910-1917. In 1912 he wrote a hymn beginning, _Holy, holy Lord,_ _We with one accord,_ which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but has not passed into other collections. H.W.F. Greenough, James Bradstreet, Portland, Maine, 1833-1901, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1856, was appointed tutor in 1865, assistant professor in 1873, and professor of Latin in 1883. In 1884 he wrote the Latin hymn in four stanzas beginning _Deus omnium creator_, for the tune _Harvard Hymn_ which his friend, John Knowles Paine, professor of music at Harvard, had composed in 1883 for use at the Harvard Commencement dinner. It is included in _The University Hymn Book_, 1896, and in _The Harvard University Hymn Book_, 1926. H.W.F. Greenwood, Helen Woodward, Leominster, Massachusetts, April 18, 1880--April 2, 1959, Leominster. She was for many years engaged in secretarial work for the General Alliance of Unitarian Women at 25 Beacon Street, Boston. A hymn by her, beginning _As once again we gather here_ is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. H.W.F. Hale, Rev. Edward Everett, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, April 3, 1822--June 10, 1909, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1839, the youngest member of his class. He did not go to the Divinity School, but taught in the Boston Latin School and studied for the ministry under the direction of Rev. S. K. Lothrop and Rev. J. G. Palfrey. He was licensed to preach by the Boston Association and in 1846 was ordained as minister of the Church of the Unity (now the First Unitarian Church), Worcester, Massachusetts. In 1856 he moved to Boston, where he served the South Congregational Church (Unitarian) as minister and minister emeritus until his death. He was a voluminous writer. One of his stories entitled "A Man Without A Country," and another, "In His Name," brought him wide reputation. He was a distinguished preacher and a greatly beloved pastor, an ardent advocate of peace who as early as 1871 proposed a "United States of Europe," and in 1889 outlined a plan for an "International Tribunal." In 1858 he wrote a hymn "For the dedication of a Church" beginning, _O Father, take this new-built shrine_, which was included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, from which Martineau took it for his _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, London, 1873. J. 481 H.W.F. Hale, Mary Whitwell, Boston, Massachusetts, January 29, 1810--November 17, 1862, Keene, New Hampshire. Most of her life she was a school teacher in Boston, later in Taunton, Massachusetts, and, for her last 20 years, in Keene. She wrote a good deal of verse. Two of her poems, one on "Home," and the second on "Music" were written for a juvenile concert in the Unitarian Church at Taunton, April, 1834. A number of her later hymns and poems appeared in _The Christian Register_, signed by Y.L.E. (the final letters of her name), and in 1840 a volume entitled _Poems_ was published in Boston. Several of her poems are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. Four of her hymns were included in the _Cheshire Collection_, 1844, viz: 1. _Praise for the glorious light_, Written for a Temperance meeting. 2. _This day let grateful praise ascend_ (Sunday) 3. _Whatever dims the sense of truth_ In Putnam, Singers and Songs, this is entitled "A Mother's Counsel," with a quotation from John Wesley's mother. 4. _When in silence o'er the deep_ (Christmas) Of these nos. 2 and 3 were taken from her _Poems_, and nos. 1 and 4 were written for the _Cheshire Collection_. No. 4 is in _Church Harmonies_. 1895, but none of her hymns are in current use. J. 481 H.W.F. Hall, Harriet Ware, Boston, Massachusetts, September 15, 1841--March 18, 1889, Boston. She was a lifelong resident of Boston, a member of King's Chapel. Two small books by her were privately printed, one a collection of poems entitled _A Book for Friends_, 1888, the other entitled _Essays_, printed posthumously in 1890. The first book contains a hymn beginning _Lord, beneath thine equal hand_, in three stanzas, 7.7.7.7.D., dated February 10, 1869, and written for the installation of Rev. E. H. Hall at Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1869. It is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, the first line altered to read, _Lord, beneath whose equal hand._ H.W.F. Ham, Rev. Marion Franklin, D.D., Harveysburg, Ohio, February 18, 1867--July 23, 1956, Arlington, Massachusetts. He was educated in the public schools at Harveysburg, but as a youth moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee to find employment. There he joined the Unitarian Church and, after serving it as a lay reader for several years, was ordained in 1898 as its minister, serving it until 1904. He later served Unitarian churches in Dallas, Texas, 1904-1909; in Reading, Massachusetts, 1909-1934; and in Waverley, Massachusetts, 1934-1939. He began to write verse in 1888, and many of his poems appeared in newspapers and periodicals, some of them being widely reprinted. His collected poems were published in book form in 1896, entitled _The Golden Shuttle_, which reached a fourth edition in 1910. He then turned to hymn writing, and four of his earliest hymns were included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, viz:-- 1. _I hear Thy voice, within the silence speaking_, (1913) 2. _O Lord of life, Thy kingdom is at hand_, (1912) 3. _O Thou whose gracious presence shone_ (Communion) (1912) 4. _Touch Thou mine eyes, the sombre shadows falling_, (1911) These are also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, as are five later hymns by him, viz:-- 5. _As tranquil streams that meet and merge_ (1933) 6. _From Bethany the Master_, (Palm Sunday) (1935) 7. _Heir of all the waiting ages_, (Advent) (1937) 8. _Ring, O ring, ye Christmas bells_ (1932) 9. _The builders, toiling through the days_ (Church dedication) (1925) In April, 1936, he wrote an Easter hymn 10. _Oh, who shall roll the stone away?_ which first appeared in the Boston _Transcript_. It is included in _The Hymnal_, 1940. In his later years he published, or had privately printed, several small booklets containing these and other poems by him: _Songs of the Spirit_, 1932; _Songs of Faith and Hope_, 1940; _Songs at Sunset_, 1951; _Songs of a Lifetime_, 1953; and _In a Rose Garden_, 1956. Of these, _Songs of a Lifetime_ contains what he regarded as his best poems, as well as his latest hymns, among them one widely used on United Nations Sunday, beginning, 11. _Freedom, thy holy light_, and a fine national hymn, 12. _O my country, land of promise_, A number of his hymns have been included in the hymnals of several denominations, and No. 2 was translated into Japanese. Dr. Ham's hymns manifest a deep spiritual insight expressed with literary craftsmanship of a high order, which make them among the most notable contributions to American hymnody in the first half of the 20^th century. H.W.F. Harris, Florence, (Mrs. Robert G. Hooke) (1891-1933) wrote in 1907, for the tenth anniversary of Unity Church (Unitarian), Montclair, New Jersey, of which she was a member a hymn entitled "The Founders," beginning, _Like pilgrims sailing through the night_, which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Harris, Rev. Thaddeus Mason, D.D. (1768-1842). He graduated from Harvard in 1787, entered the ministry and served the First Church in Dorchester, Massachusetts (Unitarian) from 1793 until his resignation in 1836. Librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society. In 1801 he printed a leaflet with a few hymns, which formed the basis for a larger collection of _Hymns for the Lord's Supper, original and selected_, [edited] _by Thaddeus Mason Harris. D.D. Boston; printed by Sewall Phelps, No. 5 Court Street, 1820_. A second edition was printed in 1821. This booklet contains original hymns by Rev. John Pierpont, _q.v._, Rev. Samuel Gilman, _q.v._, and others, none of them in use today. H.W.F. Hedge, Rev. Frederic Henry, Cambridge, Massachusetts, December 12, 1805--August 21, 1890, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Son of Professor Levi Hedge of Harvard, he was a very precocious child, ready to enter college at 12 years of age, but his father wisely sent him to Germany, with a tutor, George Bancroft, later a noted historian, where he studied in German schools for 5 years. He then returned to Harvard College, graduating in 1825, followed by a period of study in Harvard Divinity School, where he became an intimate friend of R. W. Emerson. He was ordained minister of the First Congregational Parish (Unitarian) in West Cambridge (now Arlington) Massachusetts in 1829. In 1835 he moved to Bangor, Maine, where he served the Independent Congregational Society until 1850, then serving the Westminster Congregational Church, Providence, Rhode Island, 1850-1856. In the latter year he was called to the First Parish in Brookline, Massachusetts, which he served until 1872. His removal to Brookline enabled him to serve as a nonresident professor of ecclesiastical history in the Harvard Divinity School. He retired from the ministry in 1872 and moved to Cambridge, where he was appointed professor of German language and literature, retiring in 1882. He was a man of extraordinary intellectual ability, one of the most learned of his time, and a pioneer in bringing to this country an acquaintance with German literature and metaphysics. Harvard gave him the degree of D.D. in 1852, and that of LL.D. in 1886. He was one of the editors of the _Christian Examiner_, author of _The Prose Writers of Germany_, 1848, of _Reason in Religion_, 1865, of a volume of _Metrical Translations and Poems_ in 1888, and of a large number of essays and sermons. He was president of the American Unitarian Association 1860-1863. He collaborated with Dr. F. D. Huntington, _q.v._, in editing _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, Boston, 1853, to which he contributed three translations from the German: 1. _A mighty fortress is our God_, (Ein' feste Burg) 2. _Christ hath arisen!_ (Goethe's Faust) 3. _The sun is still forever sounding_ (Goethe's Faust) The Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book for Church and Home_, 1868, includes his translation from the Latin, 4. _Holy Spirit, Fire Divine_, (Veni, Sancte Spiritus) Translated 1862. His original hymns included in _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, are, 5. _Beneath thine hammer, Lord, I lie_, Undated but "Written at a time of severe trial and deep depression." 6. _Sovereign and Transforming Grace_, Written for the ordination of H. D. Barlow at Lynn, Massachusetts, December 9, 1829. This fine hymn is appropriate to a service of worship and, with the omission of one stanza, has been widely used. 7. _'Twas in the East, the mystic East_, A Christmas hymn, written about 1853. 8. _'Twas the day when God's anointed_, Written for a service in Bangor, Maine, held on Good Friday, 1843, in six stanzas, the last three of which, beginning _It is finished, Man of sorrows!_ had considerable use in Great Britain and this country. The whole six stanzas were included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, as "Anonymous." The last three stanzas are in Martineau's _Hymns_ and in many other collections. He also wrote a hymn beginning 9. _Lo! another offering,_ _To Thy courts this day we bring,_ for his own ordination at West Cambridge in 1829, which was also used at the ordination of F. A. Whitney, at Brighton, Massachusetts, on February 24, 1844, but which passed into no collections. All these hymns, and two other religious poems, are included in Putnam's Singers and _Songs of the Liberal Faith_. Most of them had gone out of use by the end of the 19^th century, but nos. 1, 6 and 8 (beginning _It is finished, Man of sorrows_,) are in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. By far the best known of Hedge's hymns is his fine and accurate translation of Luther's great chorale _Ein' feste Burg_ (no. 1). This is the version accepted by almost all the Protestant denominations in this country, whereas in Great Britain Thomas Carlyle's earlier translation (1831) is generally used, although James Martineau included Hedge's version in his _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, 1873, mistakenly attributing it to Samuel Longfellow. Putnam, _op. cit._, 214, says that it was first printed in W. H. Furness's _Gems of German Verse_, which appeared in Philadelphia, without date but undoubtedly in the latter part of 1853, a second edition following in 1859. That Hedge should have sent his translation of the chorale to Furness without delay was natural, because the two men were close friends with a common interest in German literature, and Putnam was the younger contemporary of both, in a position to know that Furness's little book had appeared on the market a few days, or weeks, ahead of the collection of hymns which Hedge and F. D. Huntington were editing and which they published late in 1853 as _Hymns for the Church of Christ_. The earliest record of the hymn, however, is to be found in the autograph letter (now in the Harvard University Library) which Hedge wrote to Rev. Joseph H. Allen, his successor in the pulpit at Bangor, Maine, asking him to recommend hymns for inclusion in the book on which he and Huntington were working. This letter is dated "Providence, March 27th, 1853." In the course of it Hedge wrote, "I have made a new translation of Luther's splendid psalm 'Eine feste Burg ist unser Gott' Carlyle's translation not being available." This statement is followed by the four stanzas of his translation. That book contained no printed tunes, only citing the metre at the head of each hymn as a guide to the organist, but in his letter Hedge goes on with the surprizing statement, "The original is much sung in Germany and therefore I suppose that it will not be difficult to find a tune for it." Since he must have become familiar with both the words and the music of the famous chorale when he was a youthful student in Germany this remark indicates that the tune was still unknown in America, and that he took little interest in introducing it. J. 504, 1647 Revised by H.W.F. Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, Cambridge, Massachusetts, December 12, 1822--May 9, 1911, Cambridge. He graduated from Harvard College in 1841 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1847. Entering the Unitarian ministry he served churches in Newburyport, Massachusetts, 1847-1850, and in Worcester, Massachusetts, 1852-1858. He was an ardent Abolitionist and when the Civil War came he entered the Union Army, in which he rose to the command of a Negro regiment. After the war he became a man of letters and published several books and numerous essays. While still a student in the Divinity School he contributed to the _Book of Hymns_, 1846, which his friends Longfellow and Johnson were preparing, four hymns, which they marked with an asterisk, viz: 1. _No human eyes Thy face may see_ (God known through love) 2. _The land our fathers left to us_ (American Slavery) 3. _The past is dark with sin and shame_, (Hope) 4. _To thine eternal arms, O God_, (Lent) The last two have had considerable use. Both express the pessimistic mood with which the young man viewed the evils of the time. One of his later poems of social justice has also had some use as a hymn, 5. _From street and square, from hill and glen,_ _Of this vast world beyond my door._ His four hymns in the _Book of Hymns_, with other poems by him, are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs, of the Liberal Faith_, 1875. Of the above hymns those listed as 3 and 5 are included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 521, 1711 H.W.F. Hill, Rev. Thomas, D.D., L.L.D., New Brunswick, New Jersey, January 7, 1818--November 21, 1891, Portland, Maine. He graduated from Harvard College in 1843 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1845. He served as minister of the First Parish (Unitarian) in Waltham, Massachusetts from 1845 to 1859; was president of Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio, 1859-1862; president of Harvard University, 1862-1868; and minister of the First Parish of Portland, Maine, 1873 to 1891. He was distinguished as a mathematician. In the earlier part of his career he wrote or translated many hymns which found publication in current periodicals, usually anonymously or signed only with cryptic initials. One by him, beginning, _All holy, ever living One,_ was included in a few hymn books of the 19^th century, but has dropped out of use. A few others, mostly written for special occasions, are in Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, but none have found other use. J. 524 H.W.F. Holland, Joseph Gilbert, Belchertown, Massachusetts, July 24, 1819--October 12, 1881. A newspaper man on the staff of the _Springfield Republican_ who became editor of _Scribner's Magazine_ in 1870. Author of several books and some poetical pieces. One of the latter, beginning _For summer's bloom, and autumn's blight_, (Praise in and through all things) from his _Bitter Sweet_, 1858, was included in the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book for Church and Home_, Boston, 1868. J. 529 H.W.F. Holmes, Rev. John Haynes, D.D.; Litt. D.; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 29, 1879--still living. He graduated from Harvard, _summa cum laude_ in 1902, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1904. He received the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity from the Jewish Institute of Religion in 1930, from St. Lawrence University in 1931, and from Meadville Theological School in 1945; Doctor of Letters from Benares Hindu University, India, in 1947, and Doctor of Humanities from Rollins College, Florida, in 1951. He was installed as minister of the Third Religious Society (Unitarian), Dorchester, Massachusetts in 1904, and went to New York in 1907 as associate and successor to Rev. Robert Collyer, _q.v._, minister of the Second Congregational Unitarian Society, (Church of the Messiah, now called the Community Church of New York) of which he became pastor emeritus in 1949. He withdrew from the Unitarian fellowship in 1919, not on theological grounds but because he preferred a position independent of any denominational label. Throughout his career in New York he has been an outspoken leader in many causes for social betterment, and a prolific author in prose and verse who has published a large number of books, religious and biographical, and of printed sermons. No other American author of his period has written so many fine hymns which have been widely used in this country, in England, and in Japan. 1. _Accept, O Lord, this precious gift_ 8.6.8.6. 3 stas. Written for dedication on October 31, 1943, of Chapel in the rebuilt Community Church. 2. _Accept, O Lord, this temple_, 7.6.7.6.7.6. 3 stas. Written on the occasion of the rededication of the Community Church, December 31, 1922. 3. _All hail the pageant of the years_, 8.6.8.6.8.8. 5 stas. Undated Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 4. _Almighty God, beneath whose eye_ C.M.D. 4 stas. An early hymn written for Labor Day Sunday in 1910. 5. _Almighty God, to whom the dark_ C.M.D. 3 stas. 8 l. A Vesper hymn written in 1906. 6. _America triumphant! Brave land of pioneers._ 7.6.7.6.D. 5 stas. Written during World War I, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 7. _Behold, O God! our holy house_, C.M. 5 stas. September, 1919 Written on the occasion of the burning of the Community Church, September 11, 1919. 8. _Be with us, Father, in this place._ Dated 1945. 9. _Bless, thou, O God, this fellowship_ 8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Written for the Installation of Rev. Dana McLean Greeley, B.D., D.D. as President of the American Unitarian Association on October 7, 1958. 10. _Bright visions glow across the sky_, 8.6.8.6.8.6.8.6. 3 stas. Written by Mr. Holmes in 1947 on the occasion of his 40^th anniversary as Minister of the Community Church. 11. _God of the nations, near and far._ C.M. 6 stas. Written before this country entered World War I, for a hymn contest sponsored by the Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America, for use on Peace Sunday. This hymn was widely sung in churches of many denominations. Included in _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, with alteration in 2^nd sta. 12. _God save the people's cause._ 6.6.4.6.6.6.4. 3 stas. Written in 1939. 13. _Great Spirit of the speeding spheres_, L.M. 6 stas. Written in 1932 on the occasion of the 25^th anniversary of Mr. Holmes as minister of the Community Church. 14. _Joy to our hearts! Again we meet!_ 8.6.8.8.6.6.6.4. 3 stas. 8 l. A Hymn of reunion, 1920, set to the tune of Antioch. 15. _O blessed isle of quiet_, 7.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Written at the Isles of Shoals in the summer of 1930, and set to an original tune by Robert B. Buxton. 16. _O Father, Thou who givest all_ L.M. 4 stas. Written for _The Beacon Song and Service Book_, Beacon, 1908; included in _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 17. _O God of field and city_, 7.6.7.6.7.6.7.6. 3 stas. Prompted, in 1917, by the darkly unfolding experiences of World War I. 18. _O God of light and darkness_, 7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas. 8 l. Undated. 19. _O God, whose law from age to age_ 8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas. 1910. 20. _O God, whose love is over all_, 8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. 1909. 21. _O God, whose smile is in the sky_ 8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas. Written in 1907 for the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, in 4 stas., C.M.D. Included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in 5 stas. of 4 l. with revisions approved by the author, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 22. _Old Jubal twanged the bow-string_ 7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas. Written for the 25^th anniversary of Clifford Demarest as organist of the Community Church, May 10, 1936, based on Genesis 4.21. "Jubal,--father of all such as handle the harp and the pipe." An interesting _tour de force_ on the rise of music in praise of God. 23. _Onward still and upward_ 6.5.6.5.D. 3 stas. Written in 1950, and dedicated to the American Unitarian Association in celebration of the 125^th anniversary (1825-1950) of its founding. 24. _O Thou who in chaotic night_, 8.8.8.8.8.8. 4 stas. Written in war time, 1918. 25. _O Thou, whose presence moved before_ C.M.D. 6 stas. Written for use on the 10^th anniversary of his installation as Minister of the Community Church, February 4, 1917. 26. _O'er continent and ocean_ 7.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Written for a "Service of Commemoration of a Century of British American Peace," held in the Church of the Messiah, Montreal, Canada, at a meeting of Unitarian General Conference on September 25, 1917. In _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 27. _Show us thy way, O God!_ 6.6.8.6. 4 stas. Printed in _The Christian Century_ in 1936, included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, with a correction by the author. 28. _The Bethlehem stars are dim tonight_ 8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Dated 1925 29. _The voice of God is calling_ 7.6.7.6.D. 4 stas. Written in September, 1913 for the Young People's Religious Union of Boston. In _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. In _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937; widely used in the United States, England, translated into German, Japanese and Spanish. 30. _Thou God of all, whose presence dwells_ 8.8.8.8. 4 stas. Written some time after World War I. Intended as a protest against nationalistic theism which induced both belligerent nations to claim a monopoly of God. 31. _Thou God of all, whose Spirit moves_ 8.6.8.6.D 3 stas. Printed in _The Christian Century_, May 29, 1940 and in _The Christian Register_, August, 1940. 32. _Thy voice, O God, in every age_ 8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Written for the Installation of Rev. Donald Harrington at the Community Church of New York on November 19, 1944. 33. _To earth's remote horizons_ 7.6.7.6.D. 4 stas. Written in 1949 and first sung on November 27th of that year at a special service in commemoration of the retirement of Mr. Holmes from the active ministry. 34. _To Thee, O God, be homage_ 7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas. 1945. 35. _When darkness, brooding o'er the deep_ 8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas. Written in 1925 on the occasion of the 100^th anniversary of the founding of the Community Church of New York. 36. _Why trust we not our God?_ 6.6.8.6. 5 stas. Of the hymns listed above, Nos. 3, 6, 11, 18, 20, 23 and 29 have had the most widespread use. H.W.F. in collaboration with J.H.H. Holmes, Oliver Wendell, M.D., LL.D., Cambridge, Massachusetts, August 29, 1809--October 7, 1894, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in the famous Class of 1829, studied medicine and became a practitioner in Boston, and was appointed Professor of Anatomy in the Harvard Medical School in 1847. Although distinguished as a physician his fame is that of a man of letters gifted with a sense of humor which made him one of the wittiest men of his time. Besides important medical treatises he wrote essays, novels, biographical sketches, and poetry which brought him a great reputation in this country and in Great Britain. Much of his poetry is occasional verse, which he was often called upon to write, such as his "International Ode" to be sung to the tune "America" ("God Save the Queen") on the occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales in 1860. Oxford University gave him the honorary degree of D.C.L. in 1886. He was a member of Kings' Chapel, (Unitarian) Boston, and two of his poems are about that church. He contributed The _Autocrat at the Breakfast Table_ to the opening issues of _The Atlantic Monthly_, 1857-58, published _The Professor at the Breakfast Table_ in 1859, _The Poet at the Breakfast Table_ in 1872. He wrote _Elsie Venner_, 1861, and two other novels. His poetry was published in _Songs in Many Keys_, 1861; _Humorous Poems_, 1865; _Before the Curfew_, 1888; and in his _Complete Poetical Works_, in 1895. Although he made a greater contribution to American hymnody than did any other of the "New England poets" of his era, except Bryant and Whittier, his hymns were incidental literary by-products, for he was not primarily a hymn writer. They include: 1. _Angel of peace, thou hast tarried too long_ Written in 1869. 2. _Father of mercies, heavenly Friend_, A prayer in time of war. Undated but between 1861 and 1865. 3. _Lead where the banners wave last to the sea_, Written as an American national anthem. It appeared in his _Songs in Many Keys_, 1861, entitled "Freedom, our Queen." 4. _Lord of all being, throned afar_, (God's Omnipotence) Included in _The Autocrat at the Breakfast Table_, 1848, under the title of "A Sun-day Hymn." This is his finest hymn and has had widespread use in many collections. 5. _O Lord of hosts, Almighty King_, Entitled "Army Hymn," and published in _The Soldier's Companion_, a hand-book of hymns and scripture readings issued in the fall of 1861, by the American Unitarian Association, for use by soldiers in the Union Army. It is a fine hymn, but with several lines directly referring to the immediate situation which make it unsuitable for present use and which cannot be altered or dropped without mutilating the hymn. In the same collection he wrote an "Additional Verse" appended to "The Star-Spangled Banner," beginning _When our land is illumined with Liberty's smile_, 6. _O Love Divine, that stooped to share_, Written in 1859, a hymn of trust in time of doubt and sorrow. 7. _Our Father, while our hearts unlearn,_ _The creeds that wrong thy name,_ Written for the 25^th Anniversary of the Boston Young Men's Christian Union, May 31, 1893. 8. _Thou gracious Power whose mercy lends_, Written in 1869 for the 40^th anniversary meeting of the Harvard Class of 1829. In the Methodist Hymn Book, 1904, altered to read _Thou gracious God_, etc. Of these hymns nos. 4 and 6 have had the most widespread use. Those two, and no. 1 are included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935, and nos. 4, 6, 7 and 8 are in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and In _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 530, 1649, 1713, rewritten by H.W.F. Horton, Rev. Edward Augustus, Springfield, Massachusetts, September 28, 1843--April 15, 1931, Toronto, Canada. He studied at the University of Chicago and at Meadville Theological School, from which he graduated in 1868. He served Unitarian churches in Leominster, Massachusetts, 1868-1875; Hingham, Massachusetts, 1877-1880; and the Second Church in Boston, 1880-1892. Thereafter he was active in the work of the Unitarian Sunday School Society. In 1912 he wrote an "Anniversary Hymn" beginning, _We honor those whose work began_, which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. H.W.F. Hosmer, Rev. Frederick Lucian, D.D., Framingham, Massachusetts, October 16, 1840--June 7, 1929, Berkeley, California. He graduated from Harvard College in 1862, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1869. In October of that year he was ordained minister of the First Congregational Church (Unitarian), Northborough, Massachusetts, where he served for 3 years. He served the Unitarian Church in Quincy, Illinois, 1872-1877; then spent sixteen months in Europe, returning late in 1878 to serve the First Unitarian Church of Cleveland, Ohio, 1878-1892; the Church of the Unity, St. Louis, Missouri, 1894-1899; and the First Unitarian Church, Berkeley, California, 1900-1915, where he remained as minister-emeritus until his death. In 1887 Buchtel College gave him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. While in the Divinity School he formed a close life-long friendship with William C. Gannett, _q.v._ Neither wrote any hymns until early middle life, Dr. Gannett's earliest having been written in 1873, Dr. Hosmer's in 1875, but thereafter they worked together for nearly four decades to make a contribution to American hymnody comparable to that made by Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, and Samuel Johnson, _q.v._, a generation earlier. Of the two men it has been well said that "Gannett was the better poet, Hosmer the better hymn writer," and many more of his hymns than of those by Gannett have come into widespread use. Working together they edited _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, published in 1880, a revised edition of which appeared in 1911. (J. V. Blake, _q.v._, was also an editor of the first, but not of the revised edition). In 1885 they published a small collection of their poems entitled _The Thought of God in Hymns and Poems_, followed by later collections with the same title, 2^nd Series 1894, 3^rd Series 1918. In 1908 Dr. Hosmer gave a series of lectures on hymnody at the Harvard Divinity School, repeated at the Pacific Unitarian School for the Ministry, in Berkeley, California, but these have not been published. Julian's _Dictionary_, pp. 1650-51, lists 27 hymns by Dr. Hosmer, with "annotations--from ms. notes supplied--by the author," as follows:-- 1. _Father, to Thee we look in all our sorrow_ (Trust in God) Written in 1881 upon the death of a member of the author's congregation, and published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 2. _From age to age how grandly rise_ (Unity) Written for the annual festival of the Free Religious Association, Boston, June 2, 1899, and first published in _Souvenir Festival Hys._ 1899. Subsequently altered by the author to "From age to age the prophet's vision." 3. _From age to age they gather, all the brave of heart and strong_, (Victory of Truth) Written in 1891 for the Dedication of Unity Church, Decorah, Iowa, and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. 4. _From many ways and wide apart_, (College or School Reunion) Dated in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, as having been written in 1890. 5. _Go not, my soul, in search of Him_, (God within) Written in 1879, printed in the Boston _Christian Register_, May 31, 1879, and included in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, with the title "The Indwelling God." 6. _I cannot think of them as dead_ (Eternal Life) Written in 1882 and first published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, and entitled "My Dead." In the English collections it is usually given as "We cannot think of them as dead." 7. _I little see, I little know_, (Trust) "A Psalm of Trust" written in 1883, first appeared in the Boston _Christian Register_, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 8. _Immortal, by their deed and word_ (The Spirit of Jesus) Written in 1880, and first published in _Unity Hys. and Carols_, Chicago, Illinois, 1880, and then in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 9. _Many things in life, there are_ (Mystery in All Things) Written in 1885 and first published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, with the title "Passing Understanding", and the quotation "the Peace of God which passeth all understanding." 10. _Not always on the Mount may we_ (On the Mount) This lesson from the _Transfiguration_ was written in 1882, and published in the _Chicago Unity_, April 1, 1884. After revision by the author, it was included in the 1^st Series of _The Thought of God_, 1885. 11. _Not when, with self dissatisfied_, (Lent) Written in 1891, and given in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, p. 33. It is in _The Public School Hymn Book_, 1903, and others. 12. _O beautiful, my country_, (National Hymn) As "Our Country," written in 1884, and published in the _Chicago Unity Festivals_, 1884, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1885. 13. _O Light, from age to age the same_, (Dedication Anniversary) Written in 1890 for the fiftieth anniversary of the Second Congregational Church (Unitarian), Quincy, Illinois. Included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, and entitled "From Generation to Generation." 14. _O Lord of Life, where'er they be_, (Life in God) "Written in 1888 for Easter service in Author's own church," and first published in the _Chicago Unity_, and again in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. The "Alleluia" refrain, which is added in some collections to each verse, is appended, in the original, to the last verse only. 15. _O Name, all other names above_, (Trust in God) Under the title "Found. 'They that know Thy name will put their trust in Thee'," this hymn, written in 1878, was given in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. 16. _O Prophet souls of all the years_ (Unity) "Written in 1893 for, and sung at, the Unitarian gathering in connection with The World's Parliament of Religions (World's Fair) Chicago, Sep. 1893," and included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, and entitled "One Law, One Life, One Love." 17. _O Thou, in all Thy might so far_, (God All in All) This hymn, given in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, with the title "The Mystery of God," was written in 1876, and first published in the _New York Inquirer_. 18. _O thou in lonely vigil led_, This encouragement for lonely workers was written for the "Emerson Commemoration, W.U.C. 1888," and included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. 19. _O Thou, who art of all that is_, (Divine Guidance) Under the title "Through unknown paths," this hymn was included in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885; it was written in 1877. 20. _O Thou, whose Spirit witness bears_, (Dedication of a Place of Worship) Written for the Dedication of the First Unitarian Church, Omaha, February 6, 1891, and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, with the title "The Inward Witness", and the subscription "For T.K. Omaha, 1891." 21. _On eyes that watch through sorrow's night_ (Easter) A Carol for Easter Morn, written in 1890 for the author's congregation, and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. 22. _One thought I have, my ample creed_, (The Thought of God) This is the initial hymn to the collection _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, and supplies the title to the work. It was written in 1880, and first published in the _Chicago Unity Hymns and Carols_, 1880, and then in _The Thought of God_, 1885. 23. _The rose is queen among the flowers_, (Flower services) Written in 1875, first published in _The Sunnyside_, a songbook for Sunday Schools, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, under the title "Flower Sunday." 24. _Thy kingdom come--on bended knee_, (Missions) "Written in 1891 for the Commencement of the Meadville Theological School (Meadville, Pa.) June 12, 1891, and pub. in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894." under the title "The Day of God," and the subscription "M.T.S., June 12, 1891." 25. _We pray no more, made lowly wise_ _For miracle and sign._ (Greater Faith Desired) "Written in 1879, and first pub. in _The Christian Register_ (Boston) Mar. 22 of that year, under the title 'The Larger Faith.'" Included under the same title in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. Sometimes given as "Made lowly wise, we pray no more." 26. _When courage fails, and faith burns low_, (Victory of Truth) Under the title "Loyalty," this hymn was given in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885. It was written in 1881. 27. _Where men on mounts of vision_, _Have passed the veil within_. (Dedication of a Place of Worship) "Written in 1891 for the Dedication of First Unitarian Church, Oakland, California." Included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, entitled "Holy Place", and subscribed "For C.W.W., Oakland, Cal. 1891." This account of Hosmer's hymns, copied verbatim from Julian's _Dictionary_, may be accepted as authoritative as to the date and occasion for each hymn listed, but Canon Julian presumably added the descriptive notations in brackets, and fell into minor inaccuracies, as when he wrote _Unity Hymns and Carols_ for _Unity Hymns and Chorals_ (cf. nos. 3 and 22), and cited the periodical _Unity_, published in Chicago, as _Chicago Unity_. By way of further clarification it should be noted that the opening line of no. 12, _O beautiful my country_, was taken from J. R. Lowell's great Commemoration Ode, and that Hosmer always wanted it printed '_O Beautiful my Country_', in recognition of its source. No. 18 was written for the observance by the Western Unitarian Conference of the fiftieth anniversary of Emerson's famous _Divinity School Address_. The person initialed as "T.K." for whom no. 20 was written on February 6, 1891, probably was Thomas Kilpatrick, a layman who did much to make possible the erection of the church in Omaha, which was not dedicated until December 15 of that year. The person initialled "C.W.W.", for whom no. 27 was written, was Rev. Charles W. Wendte, then minister of the First Unitarian Church in Oakland, California. Julian's account of Hosmer's contribution to hymnody, though no doubt as satisfactory as could be expected at the time it was written, is incomplete in two respects. The latest hymn listed is dated 1899, yet at least three earlier hymns by Hosmer are unaccountably missing, (viz, nos. 32, 33, 41, noted below), presumably because he neglected to send Julian any information about them. More important than these are several later occasional hymns which he wrote in the last three decades of his life, too late for any inclusion in Julian's _Dictionary_, and which form a notable addition to the earlier list. Some of them were included in the revised edition of _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1911, and all of them in _The Thought of God_, 3^rd. Series, 1918, as follows: 28. _Across a century's border line_, Written for the centennial commemoration of W. E. Channing's famous "Baltimore Sermon" at the General Unitarian Conference, September 26, 1917. 29. _All hidden lie the future ways_, Written as a hymn at the christening of children. Not dated. 30. _Forward through the ages, in unbroken line_, A hymn of the church universal, written in 1908 for an Installation Service, set to Sullivan's tune St. Gertrude. In some collections it has replaced Baring Gould's _Onward, Christian Soldiers_. 31. _Hear, hear, O ye nations, and hearing obey_, (Reign of Peace) Written in 1909 and included in _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and, with one word altered in the last stanza, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 32. _I came not hither of my will_, (Divine Providence) Written in 1883. 33. _Lo, the day of days is here_, (Easter) Written in 1890. 34. _Lo, the Easter-tide is here_, (Easter) Written in 1914. 35. _Now while the day in trailing splendor_ (Evening) Written in 1902, published in Louisa Loring's _Hymns of the Ages_, 1904. 36._ O blest the souls that see and hear_, Written for the National Conference of Unitarian Churches, Chicago, September 27, 1909, in 5 stanzas, beginning "From many ways and far apart." In _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, this first stanza has been dropped, and the remaining four stanzas printed, beginning as above. 37. _O day of light and gladness_ (Easter) Written in 1903, published in Louisa Loring's _Hymns of the Ages_, 1904, and, slightly revised, in _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1911. 38. _The outward building stands complete_, Written for the Dedication of Unity Church, St. Louis, Missouri, October 7, 1917. 39. _Through willing heart and helping hand_, Written in 1909 for the Dedication of the Parish House of the First Unitarian Church, Berkeley, California. 40. _Thy kingdom come, O Lord._ Written in 1905. 41. _Today be joy in every heart_, (Christmas) Written in 1877. 42. _Uplift the song of praise_, The first two stanzas of this hymn were written in 1904 and were included in Miss Louisa Loring's _Hymns of the Ages_, published in that year. At a later date Dr. Hosmer wrote two additional stanzas and the hymn was thus printed in _The Thought of God_, 3^rd Series, 1918. In _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, it is set to the tune Yigdal. 43. _When shadows gather on our way_, Written in 1904 and published in Miss Louisa Loring's _Hymns of the Ages_, 1904. 44. _When the constant sun returning_, Reginald Heber in 1827 wrote a single stanza hymn beginning, "God that madest earth and heaven." In 1912 Hosmer wrote for _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, a second stanza, the first line of which is quoted above, to complete the thought. This composite two stanza hymn has since been included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. The period of Dr. Hosmer's hymn writing covered more than 40 years (1875-1917) and during the latter half of that time he was widely recognized by hymn lovers as the most distinguished hymn writer of his time. Many of his hymns found their way into the collections of various denominations in both this country and Great Britain. Canon Dearmer included 8 in the British collection _Songs of Praise_, and in the accompanying handbook, _Songs of Praise Discussed_, calls the hymn _O Thou, in all thy might so far_, (no. 17) "this flawless poem, one of the completest expressions of religious faith," and the hymn _Thy kingdom come, on bended knee_, (no. 24) "one of the noblest hymns in the language." All of Hosmer's hymns in recent use will be found in both the Unitarian collections--_The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, except where initials indicate one or the other book, as follows:--Nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 (N.H.T.B.), 8, 10 (N.H.T.B.), 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 (H.S.), 29 (H.S.), 30, 31, 32, 34 (H.S,), 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43. Nos. 10, 17, 24, 30 and 40 are included in the Protestant Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1940. J. 1650 H.W.F. Howe, Mrs. Julia (Ward), New York, New York, May 27, 1819--October 17, 1910, Boston, Massachusetts. Married Samuel Gridley Howe on April 26, 1843. She was a woman with a distinguished personality and intellect; an Abolitionist and active in social reforms; author of several books in prose and verse. The latter include _Passion Flower_, 1854; _Words of the Hour_, 1856; _Later Lyrics_, 1866; and _From a Sunset Ridge_, 1896. She became famous as the author of the poem entitled "Battle Hymn of the Republic," beginning, _Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord_, which, in spite of its title, was written as a patriotic song and not as a hymn for use in public worship, but which has been included in many American hymn books. It was written on November 19, 1861, while she and her husband, accompanied by their pastor, Rev. James Freeman Clarke, _q.v._, minister of the (Unitarian) Church of the Disciples, Boston, were visiting Washington soon after the outbreak of the Civil War. She had seen the troops gathered there and had heard them, singing "John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave" to a popular tune called "Glory, Hallelujah" composed a few years earlier by William Steffe of Charleston, South Carolina, for Sunday School use. Dr. Clarke asked Mrs. Howe if she could not write more uplifting words for the tune and as she awoke early the next morning she found the verses forming in her mind as fast as she could write them down, so completely that later she re-wrote only a line or two in the last stanza and changed only four words in other stanzas. She sent the poem to _The Atlantic Monthly_, which paid her $4 and published it in its issue for February, 1862. It attracted little attention until it caught the eye of Chaplain C. C. McCabe (later a Methodist bishop) who had a fine singing voice and who taught it first to the 122d Ohio Volunteer Infantry regiment to which he was attached, then to other troops, and to prisoners in Libby Prison after he was made prisoner of war. Thereafter it quickly came into use throughout the North as an expression of the patriotic emotion of the period. J. 1652 H.W.F. Huntington, Rt. Rev. Frederic Dan, D.D., Hadley, Massachusetts, May 23, 1819--July 11, 1904, Hadley, Massachusetts. He graduated from Amherst College in 1839 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1842. He was minister of the South Congregational Church (Unitarian), Boston, 1842-1855, and from 1855 to 1859 he was Professor of Christian Morals and University Preacher at Harvard College. In 1859 he was ordained priest in the Protestant Episcopal Church and served as rector of Emmanuel Church in Boston from 1860 to 1869, when he was consecrated Bishop of Central New York. In 1853 he collaborated with Rev. Frederic Henry Hedge, _q.v._, in editing their Unitarian collection, _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, to which he contributed three hymns, 1. _O Love Divine, lay on me burdens if Thou wilt_ (Supplication) 2. _O Thou, in whose Eternal Name_ (Ordination) 3. _O Thou that once on Horeb stood_ (God in Nature) The hymn beginning _Father, whose heavenly kingdom lies_, in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, is a cento taken from no. 2. _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ also includes a good many anonymous hymns, some of which may be by him, though there is no proof that such is the case. Dr. Huntington also collaborated with Dr. Hedge in editing a collection of sacred poetry entitled _Elim: Hymns of Holy Refreshment_, Boston, 1865, which includes a funeral hymn beginning _So heaven is gathering one by one_, This hymn has been mistakenly attributed to Huntington, but is an altered form of a hymn by E. H. Bickersteth beginning _Thus heaven is gathering one by one_. Although Dr. Huntington is known to have written occasional verses in religious themes later in life for his own edification he is not credited with any published hymns after his resignation from his professorship at Harvard, and none of the three listed above are in present use. J. 544, 1714 Revised by H.W.F. Hurlburt, (Hurlbut, Hurlbert) William Henry. Charleston, South Carolina, July 3, 1827--September 4, 1895, Cadenabbia, Lake Como, Italy. (His family name is spelled Hurlburt in records at Charleston but at Harvard he was registered as Hurlbut, and in later years he changed the spelling to Hurlbert). He graduated from Harvard College in 1847 and from the Divinity School in 1849. He preached in Unitarian pulpits for a few months but was never ordained as a settled minister; then he studied in the Harvard Law School for a year; then turned to journalism in New York City. After 1883 he spent most of his time in Europe, his last few years in Italy. As a student at Harvard he was a contemporary of Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson and contributed three hymns to their _Book of Hymns_, edition of 1848, which they also included in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, viz: 1. _My God, in life's most doubtful hour_, 2. _We pray for truth and peace_, 3. _We will not weep, for God is standing by us_ In both books his surname is spelled Hurlbut. J. 545 Revised by H.W.F. Johnson, Rev. Samuel, Salem, Massachusetts, October 10, 1822--February 19, 1882, North Andover, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1842 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1846. He served from 1853-1870 as minister of the Independent Church, Lynn, Massachusetts which he organized and which ceased to exist when he resigned. He refused to identify himself with any denomination, though in belief he was a Unitarian and in the public mind was associated with the churches which adhered to the liberal wing of the Congregational order. He was author of a book on _Oriental Religions_, one of the earliest American studies in the History of Religions. In 1846 he and his classmate in the Divinity School, Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, while still students, prepared their _Book of Hymns_, because they and some of their friends thought the Unitarian hymn books then in use were too traditional. This book appeared in enlarged edition in 1848, and made a notable contribution to American hymnody in its freshness of outlook and its inclusion of hymns by hitherto unrecognized writers, notably John Greenleaf Whittier. Johnson contributed 7 hymns to the edition of 1846, viz: 1. _Father [Savior] in Thy mysterious presence kneeling_ (Worship) 2. _Go, preach the gospel in my name_ (Ordination) 3. _Lord, once our faith in man no fear could move_, (In Time of War) 4. _Onward, Christians, though the region_ (Conflict) Altered in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, to _Onward, onward though the region_ 5. _Thy servants' sandals, Lord, are wet_ (Ordination) In the edition of 1848 he included 6. _God of the earnest heart_, (Trust) which he had "Written for the Graduating Exercises of the Class of 1846, in Cambridge Divinity School." In 1864 he and Longfellow published their second and no less important collection, _Hymns of the Spirit_, (not to be confused with the book of the same title published in 1937 by the American Unitarian Association). To this volume he contributed 7 more hymns, viz: 7. _City of God, how broad, how far_, (The Church Universal) 8. _I bless Thee, Lord, for sorrows sent_ (Purification through suffering) This was "Written at the request of Dorothea L. Dix for a collection made by her for the use of an asylum." (Miss Dix was engaged in a notable reform of institutions for the insane.) 9. _Life of Ages, richly poured_ (Inspiration) 10. _Strong-souled Reformer, whose far-seeing faith_ (Jesus) 11. _The Will Divine that woke a waiting time_ (St. Paul) 12. _Thou whose glad summer yields_, (Worship) 13. _To light that shines in stars and souls_, (Dedication of a Place of Worship) A number of these hymns have had widespread and long-continued use. Numbers 1, 4, 6, 7, and 9 are included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and stand out as some of the finest examples of American hymnody in their lyrical quality and depth of religious feeling. A few of Johnson's hymns have found acceptance also in England, the most notable example being No. 7, sung at the consecration of the new Anglican cathedral at Liverpool in 1924, an occasion which the words fitted to perfection. But, since even the existence of the obscure minister in Lynn, Massachusetts, was quite unknown to all but very few of those present, the Samuel Johnson to whom it was attributed was commonly supposed to be the famous 18^th century English lexicographer, and the hymn is mistakenly assigned to him in the latest edition of Bartlett's _Familiar Quotations_! Following its use at Liverpool it was sung in Westminster Abbey at a service for the League of Nations in 1935; at the jubilee service for the 25^th anniversary of the coronation of George V; and was one of seven hymns included in the special service prepared by the Archbishops of Canterbury and York for use in parish churches throughout England at the time of the coronation of George VI. Probably no other hymn of American authorship is so widely known or used in British dominions. J. 604-5, 1583, 1681, 1711 H.W.F. Kimball, Jacob, Topsfield, Massachusetts, February 15, 1761--July 24, 1826, Topsfield. He graduated from Harvard in 1780, studied law, taught school, and tried to make a living at various other occupations, with small success except in the field of music where he was regarded as the outstanding singer, teacher, and composer of his period. He edited _Rural Harmony_, (Boston, 1793) which he followed with _Essex Harmony_, (1800) and _Essex Harmony_, Part II, (1802), which included the only tunes of his own composition which can now be identified as his, except those in the popular _Village Harmony_ (1795) the later editions of which, down to 1821, were probably edited by him. There is evidence that he also wrote poetry, including a number of hymns, some of them perhaps the anonymous ones, otherwise unknown, included in the above-mentioned song books. The one hymn which can be attributed to him with assurance is his excellent metrical version of Psalm 65 which Jeremy Belknap included in his _Sacred Psalmody_ (1795), entitled "A New Version" and beginning _Thy praise, O God, in Zion waits._ The only other hymns by an American author in Belknap's Collection is Mather Byles' _When wild confusion wrecks the air_, republished in 1760. See _Jacob Kimball: A Pioneer American Musician_, Essex Institute Historical Collections, XCII, no. 4. H.W.F. Larned, Augusta, Rutland, New York, April 16, 1835--1924. Author of six volumes of stories for children and of one on Greek mythology and another on Norse mythology. Contributor to various periodicals and for 20 years correspondent and editorial writer with _The Christian Register_, Boston. She published in 1895 a book of poems entitled _In the Woods and Fields_ from which was taken her hymn on peace of mind, _In quiet hours the tranquil soul_, for inclusion in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn-Book_, 1908; _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914 and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Lathrop, Rev. John Howland, D.D., Jackson, Michigan, June 6, 1880--still living. He graduated from Meadville Theological School in 1903, then entered Harvard where he took an A.B. in 1905. He also studied at the University of Chicago, and the University of Jena. He served as minister of the First Unitarian Church of Berkeley, California, 1905-1911, and the First Unitarian Congregational Church of Brooklyn, New York, 1911 to 1957, when he became pastor emeritus. In 1935 he wrote a hymn for Palm Sunday beginning, _Hosanna in the highest! Our eager hearts acclaim_, which was included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, set to St. Theodulph. H.W.F. Livermore, Rev. Abiel Abbot, D.D., Wilton, New Hampshire, October 26, 1811--November 28, 1892, Wilton, New Hampshire. He graduated from Harvard College in 1833, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1836. He was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church at Keene, New Hampshire, in November, 1836, and remained there until 1850, when he accepted a call to Cincinnati, Ohio. After a period in New York he was elected president of the Meadville Theological School in 1862, and served in that capacity until 1890, when he retired to his ancestral home at Wilton. He received the degree of D.D. from Harvard in 1888. He was author of a number of books, and of several hymns, printed in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_. He was the chief editor of the Cheshire Pastoral Association's _Christian Hymns_, 1844, one of the finest and most widely circulated American Unitarian collections, to which he contributed his Communion hymn beginning, _A holy air is breathing round_, This hymn was included in Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873, in most American Unitarian collections, and appears in slightly altered form in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 680 H.W.F. Livermore, Sarah White, Wilton, New Hampshire, July 20, 1789--July 3, 1874, Wilton. She was an aunt of A. A. Livermore, _q.v._, and was a school teacher for most of her life. She contributed two hymns to the _Cheshire Collection_, 1844, viz: 1. _Glory to God, and peace on earth_, (Christmas) 2. _Our pilgrim brethren, dwelling far_, (Mission) These passed into a few other collections. She wrote a number of others for various church occasions, but they have never been collected for publication. J. 680 H.W.F. Long, Hon. John Davis (1838-1915) was born in Buckfield, Maine, October 27, 1838, and died in Hingham, Massachusetts on August 28, 1915. Harvard, A.B. 1857, L.L.D. 1880. He was Governor of Massachusetts, 1880-1883, and Secretary of the Navy, 1897-1902. A member of the First Parish (Unitarian) in Hingham, he wrote one hymn beginning, _The evening winds begin to blow_ which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but which has not passed into other books. H.W.F. Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, D.C.L., Portland, Maine, February 27, 1807--March 24, 1882, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825. After four years of study in Europe he was appointed to the Chair of Modern Languages at Bowdoin, but removed to Harvard in 1835, upon his election as professor of Modern Languages and Belles-Lettres in the latter College. He retained that Professorship until 1854, when he retired to give himself time for authorship in prose and verse. He became one of the most widely read and beloved poets in the English-speaking world, and after his death a marble bust commemorating him was placed in Westminster Abbey. In the strict sense of the term he was not a hymn-writer, his brother, Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, twelve years his junior, far surpassing him in this field, but hymn-book editors have culled selections from his poems which they could use, as follows: 1. _Ah, what a sound! The infinite fierce chorus_, From his poem "The Arsenal at Springfield," published in _The Belfry of Bruges_, 1845. Four stanzas, beginning as above, are included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935. In S. Longfellow's and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1848, the selected stanzas from this poem begin _Down the dark future through long generations_, and the hymn appeared in this form in other collections. 2. _Alas, how poor and little worth_, Tr. from the Spanish of Don Jorge Manrique, (d. 1479), in Longfellow's _Poetry of Spain_, 1833. 3. _All are architects of fate_, The first three stanzas of Longfellow's poem, "The Builders," written in 1846. Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 4. _All is of God; If he but wave his hand._ From the poem "The Two Angels," in his _Birds of Passage_, 1858; included in S. Longfellow's and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. 5. _Blind Bartimeus at the gate_, From _Miscellaneous Poems_, 1841. Included in G. W. Conder's 1874 _Appendix_ to the (British) _Leeds Hymn Book_. 6. _Christ to the young man said, "Yet one thing more."_ Written in 1848 for the ordination of the poet's younger brother, Samuel Longfellow; published in the author's _Seaside and Fireside_, 1851, and in H. W. Beecher's _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, altered to read, _The Saviour said, "Yet one thing more"_ In spite of the occasion for which it was written it is not a hymn but a hortatory poem of five stanzas in a most unusual 10.6.10.6 metre, for which it must have been difficult to find any singable tune. 7. _I heard the bells on Christmas Day_ This carol was written in 1864, for the Sunday School of the Unitarian Church of the Disciples, Boston, of which Rev. James Freeman Clarke was minister. The entire poem, entitled "Christmas Bells," has seven stanzas, of which 1, 2, 6 and 7 are in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935. The omitted stanzas contain references to the Civil War, in progress when the carol was written. 8. Into the silent land, A translation from the German poem "Ins Stille Land! Wer Leitet uns hinüber," by J. G. Salis-Seewis, 1808. Published by Longfellow in _Voices of the Night_, 1840. Included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and other American collections. 9. _Tell me not in mournful numbers_, Published in _Voices of the Night_, 1839, as "A Psalm of Life; What the heart of the Young Man said to the Psalmist." Included in several hymnals in Great Britain and America. In some collections it begins with the second stanza _Life is real! Life is earnest_ 10. _There is no flock, however watched and tended_ A cento from the author's _Seaside and Fireside_, 1849. 11. _We have not wings: we may not soar._ In 1850 the poet wrote "The Ladder of St. Augustine," a poem in twelve stanzas, based upon a quotation from Sermon III, De Ascensione, by St. Augustine of Hippo, "De vitiis nostris scalam nobis facimus, si vitia ipsa calcamus." (We shall make a ladder out of our vices, if we tread those vices under foot.) The three stanzas of the hymn are, respectively, the seventh, tenth and second stanzas of the poem. H.W.F. Longfellow, Rev. Samuel, Portland, Maine, June 18, 1819--October 3, 1892, Portland, was the youngest of the eight children of Stephen and Zilpah (Wadsworth) Longfellow. Stephen Longfellow had graduated from Harvard and had become one of the most prominent citizens of Portland. His son Samuel entered Harvard with the Class of 1839, just after his brother, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, more than twelve years his senior, had returned from Europe to begin his professorship at Harvard. Samuel entered the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1846, and served as minister of the Unitarian Church in Fall River, Massachusetts, 1848-51; the Second Unitarian Church, Brooklyn, New York, 1853-1860; and the Unitarian Church, Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1878-1883. In the intervals between these pastorates he did much occasional preaching, and, having independent means and no marital ties, made several prolonged visits to Europe. He had an attractive personality, was witty and highly intelligent, and was an acceptable though outspoken preacher, but he is now remembered for his contribution to American hymnody through the hymns which he wrote and the books which he edited. His accomplishment in this field was greater and more lasting than that of any other American in the middle period of the 19^th century. Its development can best be traced in the books which he published. The first of these was _A Book of Hymns for Public and Private Devotions_, which he and his classmate in the Divinity School, Samuel Johnson, daringly compiled while still students in the School. A not improbable story of the origin of the book reports that their friend, Rev. Francis Parker Appleton, then a young minister at Peabody, Massachusetts, had complained to them about the antiquated hymn-book which he found in use in his church, to which they replied that they would prepare a book for him which would express the religious aspirations of the rising generation. The book appeared in 1846, before either of the young editors had been ordained, and was an immediate success. It was first used in the First Unitarian Church at Worcester, Massachusetts, where Longfellow's classmate and lifelong friend, Edward Everett Hale, had just been ordained at a service for which Longfellow wrote the ordination hymn, and it was promptly adopted by Theodore Parker for his congregation in Music Hall. The book was re-published in somewhat revised and enlarged form in 1848, and ran to 12 editions. It marked a new epoch in American hymnody because it was the product of young and adventurous but well-trained minds seeking to give utterance to the emotions stirred by the intellectual and political ferment of the times, and because of the new sources to which they turned. They were the first to see and make use of the hymnic possibilities of the poems of John Greenleaf Whittier, and to include in an American hymn-book Newman's "Lead, kindly Light," which they had found printed in a newspaper without the author's name, though they altered the first line to read "Send kindly Light," and another line further down. From their book it passed into other collections, with variant readings. In 1859 Longfellow published a little collection entitled _Vespers_, hymns for use at the vesper services which he had instituted in his church in Brooklyn. In 1860 he published _A Book of Hymns and Tunes for the Sunday School, the Congregation, and the Home_, and in 1864 he and Samuel Johnson brought out their second notable book, _Hymns of the Spirit_, (not to be confused with the hymn book with the same title published by the Beacon Press in 1937). This book contained most of the later hymns written by the two editors, and a good many new hymns by other authors who were glad to contribute them. Its literary level was higher than that of their first book, but it had less popular success, in part, perhaps, because they failed to set the words to tunes, which had become the common practice in the period since their earlier book appeared. In 1876 he brought out _A Book of Hymns & Tunes for the Congregation & the Home_, a revision of his earlier book with a similar title, in which several of his earlier hymns appear in revised form. In 1887 he printed privately _A Few Verses of Many Years_. After his death a small volume entitled _Hymns and Verses by Samuel Longfellow_ was published in 1894 with a very brief introductory note by his niece, Miss Alice M. Longfellow. It included 41 hymns which she thought were his, followed by 30 short poems of no outstanding excellence. Some of the "hymns" included seem never to have come into use as such; some of her attributions were mistaken; she omitted some hymns which he wrote or adapted but cited in his books as "Anonymous" because based on the work of others; and she did not always print the best of extant variant readings. This book, therefore, must be used with caution in compiling the list of Longfellow's hymns, whether original or adapted. Before listing his hymns it should be noted that he wrote or edited several other literary works. In 1853 he and his classmate Thomas Wentworth Higginson published a beautiful collection of sea-poems entitled _Thalatta_. He wrote a memoir of his friend, Rev. Samuel Johnson, 1883; was the author of a _Life of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow_, 1886; and edited _Final Memorials of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow_ in 1887. A volume of his own _Essays and Sermons_, edited by Joseph May, was published in 1894. _Alphabetical List of Hymns written or adapted by Samuel Longfellow_ _Abbreviations_: Bk. Hys. = The Book of Hymns, 1846 or 1848. H. and V. = Hymns & Verses by Samuel Longfellow, 1894. Hys. Sp. = Hymns of the Spirit, 1864. J. (followed by page number) = Julian's Dictionary of Hymnology. S. L. = Samuel Longfellow 1. _A voice by Jordan's shore._ (Advent) Printed in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title of "John and Jesus"; in H. & V., no date. 2. _Again as evening's shadow falls._ (Evening) Published in _Vespers_, New York, 1860, headed "Nox et tenebrae," in 2 stas. of 8 l., and reprinted in Hys. Sp. 1864, with the title "Vesper Hymn," in 4 stas. of 4 l.; also in H. & V. in which it is the fourth and concluding hymn of a group called "Vesper Hymns," and dated 1859, the 3^d and 4^th of which were included in Hys. Sp., 1864. 3. _Beneath the shadow of the cross._ (Sacrifice) Written in Fall River, 1848, and published in the _Supplement to A Book of Hymns, Second Edition_, Boston, 1848, with the title "The New Commandment," in 3 stas. of 4 l.; in H. & V. 4. _Eternal One, Thou living God._ (Anniversary) Written in 1875 for a church anniversary, possibly for the 25^th anniversary of the Preble Chapel in Portland, Maine; 5 stas. of 4 l. In H. & V. the original reading of the last two lines, "Afloat upon its boundless sea, Who sails with God is safe indeed." are changed to the inferior reading, "That truth alone can make us free; Who goes with God is safe indeed." 5. _Every bird that upward springs._ Included in _Supplement to Bk. Hys._, 1848, attributed to Neale, and also in Hys. Sp., 1864. It is in fact S.L.'s adaptation of part of a hymn by Neale for St. Andrew's Day, included in his "Hymns for Children", 1842; see pp. 360-1 of the _Collected Hymns, Sequences and Carols of J. M. Neale_, 1914. S.L. used stas. 4, 5, 6 and 7 of Neale's hymn in 8 stas. Of the 16 lines in S.L.'s version 9 are taken unchanged from Neale, 6 contain part of Neale's wording, and only 1 is wholly S.L.'s. S.L. writing in 1880 said, "I may say that hymn 585, [i.e. Every bird, etc.] is mine--I did not put my name because two lines were not mine--". (see H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. Oct., 1917.) This letter illustrates the fallibility of human memory. In the 32 years which had elapsed since he had adapted Neale's verses for the _Supplement to Bk. Hys._ his own contribution to the final result had come to bulk much larger than it really was. S.L. was right in ascribing the hymn to Neale, as he did in 1848 and 1864, tho he might properly have marked it as "Neale, altered." 6. Father, give thy benediction. (Dismissal) One stanza, 8 lines, printed anonymously in Hys. Sp.; described by S.L. as "of no importance", but included in his H. & V. Listed as "Anon." in the first edition of the _Pilgrim Hymnal_. Included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October, 1917). See J. 1563. 7. _Go forth to life, O child of earth._ (Life's mission) Written in 1859, included in his _Book of Hymns and Tunes for the Sunday School_, and in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title "Life's Mission." 4 stas. of 4 l. 8. _God of the earth, the sea, the sky._ (Divine Immanence) Printed anonymously in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title "God, through all and in you all"; included in H. & V. with l. 2 in sta. 1 altered; no date. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October, 1917). 9. _God of Truth! Thy sons should be_, No. 550 in Hys. Sp. 1864, where it is listed as "Anon," because, as he later wrote, it was "founded on a H. of Wesley" though "nearly all mine." (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev., October, 1917). 10. _God's trumpet wakes the slumbering world._ (Courage) Printed anonymously in Hys. Sp. 1864 under title "On the Lord's Side"; in H. & V., no date. 5 stas. of 4 l. 11. _He, who himself and God would know._ (Silent worship) Printed in Hys. Sp. 1864 as "From Martineau" under title of "Be still, and know that I am God." This is S.L.'s versification of a passage from Martineau's sermon, "Silence and Meditation", no. 17 in "Endeavors after the Christian Life," in which Martineau paraphrased a few sentences in Pascal's "Thoughts", no. 72. Not dated; not included in H. & V. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October, 1917.) 12. _Holy Spirit, Truth [Light] Divine._ Included in Hys. Sp. under title "Prayer for Inspiration"; also in H. & V., without date. In the introductory note to H. & V. it is stated that this hymn "bears some resemblance to one by Andrew Reed, but after careful investigation they appear to be quite distinct." In spite of this disclaimer it is clear that the theme of the hymn as a whole, and several of its lines, are borrowed from the hymn, "Holy Ghost, with light divine" by Andrew Reed, 1817. Furthermore, S.L.'s arrangement of this hymn is found in two different versions, the one in H. & V. beginning, "Holy Spirit, Truth divine," the other, and superior one, beginning, "Holy Spirit, Light divine." It will be found in this latter form in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, in both of which it is attributed to both Reed and Longfellow. 13. _Holy Spirit, source of gladness._ S.L.'s adaptation of Jacobi and Toplady's version of Gerhardt's "O du allersusste Freude"; included in _Supplement to Bk. Hys._ 1848, and in altered form in Hys. Sp. 1864; set down as "Anon." in both; not included in H. & V. 14. _I look to Thee in every need_, (Trust) In Hys. Sp., 1864, with title "Looking Unto God," and listed as "Anon.", but included in H. & V. as Longfellow's. He had not claimed it because its opening stanza was strongly reminiscent of a love-song by Thomas Haynes Bayly, as indicated by S.L.'s pencilled notation in his copy of Hys. Sp. now in the library of Union Theological Seminary, New York, reading "V. 1, T. H. Bayley, alt." Bayly (not Bayley) (1797-1839) was an English composer of popular sentimental songs one of which began, I turn to thee in time of need And never turn in vain; I see thy fond and fearless smile And hope revives again. It gives me strength to struggle on, Whate'er the strife may be; And if again my courage fail Again I turn to thee. This song, though one of Bayly's best, is not included in his collected works, but a copy, with his name as its author, is in the Harvard University Library. It was published by C. Bradlee, 107 Washington St., Boston, n.d., the words set "to a favorite Neapolitan melody", and must have still been well remembered when S.L. was inspired to transfigure the thought of its opening stanza by giving it a profoundly spiritual interpretation. He made no use of Bayly's second and third stanzas, and changed the metre from 8.6.8.6. double to six line stanzas, 8.6.8.6.8.8., thus making sure that his words would be sung to another tune than the "Neapolitan melody." 15. _In the beginning was the word._ (The Word of God) This was printed in _The Liberty Bell_, Boston, 1851, in 6 stanzas of 8 lines, and dated "Fall River, Sept. 1850." Two stanzas are included in Hys. Sp. 1864; also in H. & V., undated. 16. _Life of all that lives below._ An adaptation from Charles Wesley; not in Bk. Hys. or Hys. Sp. 17. _Life of God, within my soul._ (God in the soul) Only found in H. & V., undated, entitled "A Prayer." 4 stas. of 4 l. 18. _Light of ages and of nations._ (Inspiration) Dated 1860 in H. & V. in which it begins as above with title "In all ages entering holy souls." It was first printed, however, in Hys. Sp. 1864 as "God of ages," under title "The word of the Lord abideth forever." 3 stas. of 8 l. 19. _Lo! the earth is risen again._ (Easter) In H. & V. the first line reads "Lo the earth again is risen," with no date, but Dr. Louis F. Benson owned a copy of the book in which a ms. note was appended to this hymn reading "In memory of C.J. July 6, 1864 May 12, 1886. Written for the first anniversary of her death, May 12, 1887." Several other lines besides the opening one have been re-written, presumably by S.L., to make the later and improved version of the hymn included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. 20. _Love for all! and can it be?_ (The Prodigal Son) Included in Hys. Sp. 1864 under title "Father, I have sinned"; also in H. & V. without date. 6 stas. of 4 l. 21. _Now on land and sea descending._ (Evening) This is the 3^d of the Vesper Hymns in H. & V. 2 stas. of 8 l. (See note under "Again as evening's shadow falls.") 22. _Now while we sing our closing psalm._ (Close of worship) In H. & V., no date; not in Bk. Hys. or Hys. Sp. 23. _Now with creation's morning song._ (Morning) In Hys. Sp. 1864, ascribed to "Breviary"; it is S.L.'s adaptation of E. Caswall's trans. of "Lux ecce surgit aurea", beginning "Now with the rising golden dawn"; see Julian's Dict. pp. 820-821. 24. _O church of freedom and of faith._ (Installation) Written in 1891, presumably for the installation of Rev. John Carroll Perkins as minister of the First Parish in Portland in that year. Included in H. & V. Not found elsewhere. 25. _O Father, fix this wavering will._ No. 368 in Hys. Sp. 1864, "Anon." but later acknowledged by S.L. as his though "of no importance." (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev., Oct., 1917.) 26. _O God! a temple to thy name._ "Hymn for the dedication of the new chapel of the First Parish, Haverhill." Dated 1848 in H. & V., but not found elsewhere. 5 stas. of 4 l. 27. _O God! Thy children gathered here._ (Ordination) "Hymn for the ordination of Edward Everett Hale" at Worcester, Massachusetts in 1846. Bk. Hys. 1848; H. & V. 1894. 6 stas. of 4 l. 28. _O God, thou giver of all good!_ (Gratitude) Included in Hys. Sp. 1864, and in H. & V., without date, under title "Give us this day our daily bread." 4 stas. of 4 l. 29. _O God unseen, but ever near._ S.L.'s adaptation of hymn by E. Osler, printed in Hys. Sp. 1864, in 3 stas of 4 l., entitled "At the fountain". Anon, in index. "It is, in fact E. Osler's hymn rewritten, 7 of its 12 lines being Osler's." The expanded form in later books is attributed to S.L., but should be "E. Osler alt. by S.L." See Julian's Dict. pp. 1665, 1681, 833. 30. _O holy, holy, holy,_ _Art Thou, our God and Lord._ (Praise) This hymn in two stanzas, 8 lines, is found only in C. W. Wendte's book _The Carol: for Sunday School and the Home_ (1886), where it is attributed to Samuel Longfellow and dated 1886. 31. _O Life that maketh all things new._ Written under the title "The light that lighteth every man," for the 2^d Social Festival of the Free Religious Association 1874, in 2 stas. of 8 l.; afterwards published in _A Book of Hymns and Tunes for the Congregation and the Home_, Cambridge, 1876, with the title "Greeting", in 4 stas. of 4 l.; included in H. & V. under title "Behold, I make all things new", and there incorrectly dated 1878. For use of first line see note under "O Thou whose liberal sun and rain." 32. _O still in accents sweet and strong._ (Ordination) Printed in Hys. Sp. 1864 under title "Behold the fields are white." H. & V., no date. 4 stas. of 4 l. 33. _O Thou, in whom we live and move._ In Hys. Sp. 1864, this begins, "O God, in whom we live and move," 5 stas. of 4 l. headed "God's Law and Love." In H. & V. it begins, "O Thou, in whom we live and move," the form in which the hymn has passed into later use. 34. _O Thou, whose liberal sun and rain._ (Church anniversary) Included in Hys. Sp. 1864, and in H. & V. no date. 3 stas. of 4 l. (Note the last line, "To Him who maketh all things new", used later for first line of hymn "O Life that maketh all things new.") 35. _One holy church of God appears._ (The church universal) Dated 1860 in H. & V.; included in Hys. Sp. 1864. 5 stas. of 4 l. 36. _Out of every clime and people._ (Christmas) This hymn in two stanzas, 8 lines, with chorus, is found only in C. W. Wendte's _The Carol: for Sunday School and the Home_ (1886) where it is attributed to S.L. (except chorus). 37. _Out of the dark, the circling sphere._ (Hope and courage) Based on a hymn written in 1856 for the 25^th anniversary of the American Anti-Slavery Society, with the title "What of the night?" and beginning, "A quarter of the circling sphere." See H. & V. for the original version, which S.L. rewrote for Hys. Sp. 1864, in 5 stas. of 4 l. The misplaced comment by Putnam in _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, p. 429, that it was "founded on a passage in one of Mr. Martineau's sermons," refers not to this hymn but to "He who himself and God would know," cited earlier in this listing. 38. _Peace, peace on earth, the heart of man forever._ (Peace on earth) Included in Hys. Sp. 1864 and H. & V., no date. 2 stas. of 4 l. 39. _Sing forth his high eternal name._ (Praise) Written by request for words to tune "Coronation." In H. & V. under title "The Lord of all", no date, 6 stas. of 4 l. 40. _Spirit divine attend our prayer._ This hymn appeared in Hys. Sp. 1864, as "Anon." It is S.L.'s adaptation of a hymn by Andrew Reed, 1829, about half the lines having been re-written. It should be credited to both writers as a joint production. 41. _The loving Friend to all who bowed._ (Jesus) Included in Hys. Sp. under title "Jesus of Nazareth"; no date in H. & V. 5 stas. of 4 l. 42. _The summer days are come again._ H. & V. includes a song in three 8-line stanzas headed "Summer Rural Gathering", dated 1859, each stanza beginning, "The sweet June days are come again." In Hys. Sp. 1864, the second and third stanzas of this song are taken to form a hymn for summer, each beginning, "The summer days are come again", the concluding quatrain of the last stanza re-written. 43. _'Tis winter now; the fallen snow._ Dated 1859 in H. & V. In Hys. Sp., 4 stas. of 4 l. 44. _Thou Lord of life, our saving health._ (Dedication of hospital) "Written for dedication of Cambridge Hospital." In H. & V., 4 stas. of 4 l., dated 1886. 45. _We sowed a seed in faith and hope._ "Written for the 25^th anniversary of the first meeting of the Second Unitarian Society of Brooklyn", included in H. & V. under title "The truth shall make you free." No further use. 46. _When from the Jordan's gleaming wave._ (Baptism) Dated 1848 in H. & V., but it was included in Bk. Hys. 1846, 5 stas. of 4 l. There are also five hymns, composite in origin and listed as "Anonymous" in Hys. Sp. 1864, which in style and sentiment so closely resemble S.L.'s writings as to suggest that he gave them the form in which they are there printed, viz:-- 47. _As darker, darker fall around_ _The shadows of the night._ This is printed in 6 stas., the first four of which are taken from "The Hymn of the Calabrian Shepherds," printed in William Young's _Catholic Choralist_, 1842, but there beginning, "Darker and darker fall around." The 5^th and 6^th stas. may be by S.L. since he referred to this hymn as it appeared in Hys. Sp. as "founded upon the Hymn of the Calabrian Shepherds," tho he did not state that he wrote them. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_; and Julian, _Dictionary_, p. 1627.) 48. _Come, thou Almighty Will_ This hymn in three stanzas was included as Anon. in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. Its theme was obviously suggested by Ray Palmer's five stanza translation of the 12^th century Latin hymn _Veni Sancte Spiritus_, beginning _Come, Holy Ghost, in love_, published in 1858, from which three lines are borrowed intact, with as many more which only slightly alter Palmer's words. Since the religious outlook expressed is characteristic of Samuel Longfellow, and the hymn first appeared in _Hymns of the Spirit_, it seems certain that he was the author but listed it as _Anon_, because of its composite form. It was included in several later Unitarian hymn books, most recently in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. (J. 1623 H.W.F.) 49. _Give forth thine earnest cry._ Printed in three 4-line stas. There is no evidence as to the authorship of this hymn, but its sentiment is completely in line with Longfellow's. Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. 50. _God is in his holy temple._ Printed in four 4-line stas. One line is almost identical with one found in S.L.'s earlier hymn "Written for the dedication of the New Chapel of the First Parish, Haverhill, Mass.", which had had no use beyond the occasion for which it was written, but which Miss Longfellow included in _Hymns and Verses_. The recurrence of this line in the hymn here listed suggests the probability that the whole hymn is by S.L. though he preferred to cite it as "Anon." 51. _Supreme disposer of the heart._ This appeared in the 1848 edition of the _Book of Hymns_, where it is cited as from "Breviary", and was included by Miss Longfellow in _Hymns and Verses_ with the same citation. She probably assumed that it was a translation by S.L. from a Latin hymn. It is, however, a largely rewritten version of John Chandler's translation of the hymn _Supreme motor cordium_, in his _Hymns of the Primitive Church_, 1837, p. 31. Longfellow retained the general pattern of Chandler's five stanzas, and kept a few of his lines unchanged, or altered by only a word or two, but rewrote the rest, the fourth and fifth stas. being wholly S.L.'s, differing from Chandler's in both phrase and significance, and even further from the Latin original. The _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, contains a hymn in two stanzas, 8.6.8.6.D., beginning 52. _The heavens thy praise are telling_, Given as "Anon." but Mrs. Emma Marean, _q.v._, who was exceptionally well informed about that book, attributed it to "Spitta-Longfellow," i.e., by S. Longfellow based on a German hymn by C. J. P. Spitta. It is possible that this is the case but the original by Spitta has not been traced and Longfellow did not claim this arrangement. H.W.F. Loring, Louisa Putnam (1854-1924) of Boston and Pride's Crossing, Massachusetts, compiled _Hymns of the Ages_, published in 1904. Her literary and musical standards were high, and the book was handsomely printed, but its appeal was limited and it had to compete with several other excellent hymnbooks then on the market for use among Unitarians. It included Miss Loring's own morning hymn beginning, _O Thou who turnest into morning_, (1902) also included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. H.W.F. Loring, William Joseph, Boston, Massachusetts, October 8, 1795--1841, Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 1813 and went into business in Boston. He was a lay member of the Unitarian denomination; was president of the Washington Benevolent Society; and was a member of the Horticultural Society. He was probably the author of the hymn beginning, _Why weep for those, frail child of woe_, attributed to "W. J. Loring" in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. H.W.F. Lowell, James Russell, LL.D., Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 22, 1819--August 12, 1891, Cambridge. Son of Rev. Charles Lowell, minister of the West Church (Unitarian), Boston, he graduated from Harvard College in 1838, and entered upon a literary career as a poet, essayist and scholar. In 1855 he succeeded H. W. Longfellow as Professor of Belles Lettres at Harvard and spent the next two years in Europe to increase his knowledge of southern European languages and literature. On his return he was the first editor of _The Atlantic Monthly_, 1857-1862, then editor of _The North American Review_, 1863-1872. He was United States Minister to Spain, 1877-1880, and to Great Britain, 1880-1885. He wrote many essays, addresses and poems. These last were published in a succession of volumes, "A Year's Life," 1841; "Poems," 1844-1854; "The Vision of Sir Launfal," 1845; "A Fable for Critics," 1845; "The Biglow Papers," 1848 and 1867; "The Commemoration Ode," 1865; "Under the Willows," 1868; and later volumes, his "Complete Poems" appearing in 1895. Though some of his poems show deep religious feeling he made only a slight and indirect contribution to American hymnody, writing only one hymn and one Christmas carol, although stanzas quarried out of his poems have been used as hymns, as follows:-- 1. _Men who boast it is that ye_ _Come of fathers brave and free_, The 1^st, 3^d and 4^th stanzas of his anti-slavery poem, "Stanzas on Freedom," written in 1844. It was included in this form in _The Soldier's Companion_, 1861, in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in part in _Songs of the Sanctuary_, N. Y. 1865, beginning _They are slaves who will not choose_, 2. _Once to every man and nation_, In December, 1844, Lowell wrote a poem in 18 stas. of 5 l. entitled "The Present Crisis," a protest against the war with Mexico. The English hymnnologist, Rev. V. Garrett Horder, took from this poem a number of lines sufficient to make a hymn of 4 stas. which he included, with a few verbal alterations, in his _Hymns Supplemental_, 1896, and then in his _Treasury of Hymns_. The _English Hymnal_ included the hymn in 1906, and from this it passed into many collections. In the form commonly used in this country, stanza 1 is that of sta. 5 in the original poem; sta. 2 is that of original sta. 11; sta. 3 is no. 13, original; and sta. 4, part of sta. 6 and part of sta. 8 original. In this form it has had considerable use in this country. 3. _Our house, our God, we give to Thee_, Hymn for the dedication of the First Church (Unitarian), Watertown, Massachusetts, on August 3, 1842, in a service in which Rev. Samuel Ripley made the dedicatory prayer and the sermon was preached by Rev. Convers Francis, who had recently left Watertown to accept a professorship at the Harvard Divinity School. Lowell's Cambridge residence at "Elmwood" was only a short distance from the Watertown line, and Miss Maria White, whom he married in 1844, belonged to the Watertown parish, which suggests the possibility that it was she who persuaded him to write the hymn. It was not included in any of his published works but has been found on the only known copy of the printed program of the service, now owned by the Huntington Library, San Marino, Pasadena, California. It probably was used only on the occasion for which it was written. 4. _The ages one great minster seem_, Taken from a poem "Godminster Chimes" which was "Written in aid of a chime of bells for Christ Church, Cambridge," and published in "Under the Willows," 1868. From this poem of 7 stas. 8 l., enough lines have been selected and arranged, with a few verbal alterations, to make a hymn on the theme of the Church Universal, in 4 stas. of 4 l. 5. _What means this glory round our feet?_ A Christmas carol written in 1866 "For the children of the Church of the Disciples", Boston, (Unitarian), of which Rev. James Freeman Clarke, _q.v._, was minister. Of the original 7 stas., five have come into considerable use. Of the above listed hymns all except no. 3 are in current use in various hymn books. Nos. 2 and 5 are in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935; nos. 1, 2, 4 and 5 in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. J. 698 H.W.F. Lunt, Rev. William Parsons, D.D., Newburyport, Mass., April 21, 1805--March 31, 1857, Akabah, Arabia. He graduated from Harvard College in 1823, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1828. On June 19, 1828 he was ordained as the first settled minister of the Second Unitarian Congregational Society in New York, where he served for five years. On June 3, 1835, he was installed as associate minister of the First Church in Quincy, Mass., where he became the sole minister in 1843 and served until his death while on a journey to Palestine. After his death his hymns and occasional poems were printed in a small volume entitled _Gleanings_, but none of them have been included in later books. His contribution to American hymnody was made by the publication of his collection entitled _The Christian Psalter_, 1841, for his congregation at Quincy, but its fine quality brought it into much wider use. It is chiefly remembered today because it included 5 hymns and the metrical version of 17 psalms by his distinguished parishioner, John Quincy Adams, _q.v._ J. 703 H.W.F. Mann, Rev. Newton, Cazenovia, New York, January 16, 1856--July 25, 1926, Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Cazenovia Academy, and during the Civil War served as head of the Western Sanitary Commission. He then entered the Unitarian ministry and was ordained as pastor of the church in Kenosha, Wisconsin, which he organized and served for three years. He later served churches in Troy, New York, 1868-70; Rochester, New York, 1870-1888; and Omaha, Nebraska, 1888-1908, after which he retired to Chicago. His only connection with hymnody was his versification of an English translation of the Jewish creedal statement known as the Yigdal. His verse, which has not survived, was later recast by Rev. W. C. Gannett, _q.v._, to form the great hymn _Praise to the living God! All praiséd be his name!_ concerning which detailed information will be found under Dr. Gannett's name. In its present form the hymn is probably mostly the work of Gannett, but Mann should be credited with having drafted its earlier form. See also Foote, _Three Centuries of American Hymnody_, 339-340. H.W.F. Marean, Mrs. Emma (Endicott), Boston, Massachusetts, January 20, 1854--October 17, 1936, Cambridge, Massachusetts. She married Joseph Mason Marean January 20, 1876. Two hymns by her were included in _The Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_ (Unitarian), 1908, 1. _Grateful for another day_, (An Island Morning) 2. _Set from the restless world apart_ (An Island Hymn) Neither has been included in later hymn books but both are in her small volume of poems, _Now and Then_, Cambridge, 1928. H.W.F. Mason, Mrs. Caroline Atherton (Briggs), Marblehead, Massachusetts, July 27, 1823--June 13, 1890, Fitchburg, Massachusetts. In 1853 she married Charles Mason, a lawyer living in Fitchburg. She published in 1852 a volume of poems entitled _Utterance: or Private Voices to the Public Heart_, and after her death another collection was published, her _Lost Ring and Other Poems_, 1891. Three of her hymns have had considerable use. 1. _I cannot walk in darkness long_, (Evening) This begins with stanza V of her poem on _Eventide_, "At cool of day with God I walk," in her _Lost Ring_, p. 165. 2. _O God I thank Thee for each sight_, (The Joy of Living) A cento of 4 stanzas, from her poem "A Matin Hymn" beginning "I lift the sash and gaze abroad," in her _Lost Ring_, p. 164. 3. _The changing years, eternal God_, (Adoration) Written for the Bicentennial of the First Congregational Church, Marblehead, August 13, 1884. In her _Lost Ring_ it begins "The changing centuries, O God,". Of these hymns no. 2 has had considerable use. It is included in _Hymns of the Church Universal_, 1891; the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914; the _Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935; _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1669 H.W.F. Miles, Sarah Elizabeth (Appleton) Boston, Massachusetts, March 28, 1807--January 3, 1877, Brattleboro, Vermont. She married Solomon P. Miles. In 1827 she printed in the _Christian Examiner_ a hymn beginning, _Thou, who didst stoop below_, which passed into a number of hymn books of the period, and in 1828, in the same periodical she printed a poem in 4 stanzas, C.M.D., which S. Longfellow and S. Johnson, in their second hymn-book, _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, divided into two hymns, of 2 stanzas each, the first beginning _The earth, all light and loveliness_, the second _When, on devotion's seraph wing._ They also included another of her hymns, consisting of the second, fourth and fifth stanzas of her poem entitled "In Affliction," beginning _Thou, infinite in love._ These, and some other religious poems, are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. None of her hymns are now in use. H.W.F. Mott, Rev. Frederick B., England, 1856-1941, England. When a young man he emigrated to this country and on September 30, 1887 was ordained minister of the Barton Square Church (Unitarian) in Salem, Massachusetts. In 1892 he became minister of the Third Religious Society in Dorchester, Massachusetts, which he served till 1903. In 1904 he returned to England and was installed as minister of the Unitarian Chapel at Southport, and later moved to London as editor of the periodical _Christian Life_. Two hymns in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_, 1895, are attributed to him, viz:-- 1. _Take our pledge, eternal Father_, 2. _The spirit of the Lord has stirred_, but appear to have had no further use. H.W.F. Newell, Rev. William, D.D., Littleton, Massachusetts, February 25, 1804--October 28, 1881, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1824 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1829. He was ordained minister of the First Parish in Cambridge on May 19, 1830, where he served until his retirement on March 31, 1868. He was author of many commemorative sermons and memoirs, and received the honorary degree of D.D. from Harvard in 1853. A number of his poems are included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc. His hymn beginning, _All hail, God's angel, Truth_ (Thanksgiving) is included in G. Horder's _Worship Song, with Tunes_, London, 1905, but is not found in American collections. J. 1676 H.W.F. Norton, Prof. Andrews, Hingham, Massachusetts, December 31, 1786--September 18, 1853, Newport, Rhode Island. He graduated from Harvard in 1804. In 1811 he was appointed tutor in the College, in 1813 librarian and Lecturer on the Bible, and in 1819 Professor of Sacred Literature in the Harvard Divinity School, a post which he resigned in 1830 to devote himself to literary and theological pursuits. In 1837 he published the first volume of his famous book _The Genuineness of the Gospels_, followed in 1844 by the second and third volumes. This was the earliest scholarly work on the New Testament by an American author, and expressed the conservative Unitarian thought of his period. He wrote several other books, and numerous articles. His few poems were printed in a small volume soon after his death, including six hymns, some of which have had considerable use. 1. _Another year, another year_, (Close of the Year) Appeared in the _Christian Examiner_, Nov.-Dec. 1827, in 11 stas. of 4 l. In the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868, a cento from it begins with sta. 6, _O what concerns it him whose way_ 2. _Faint not, poor traveller, though thy way_, (Fortitude) Printed in the _Christian Disciple_, July-Aug. 1822, and included in the West Boston _Collection_, 1823. 3. _He has gone to his God, he has gone to his home_ (Burial) Printed in the _Christian Examiner_, Jan.-Feb. 1824. 4. _My God, I thank Thee; may no thought_ (Submission) Appeared in the _Monthly Anthology and Boston Review_, Sept. 1809, and was included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841, and in many later collections. This was Norton's earliest and best known hymn. 5. _O stay thy tears; for they are blest_, (Burial of the Young) Printed in the _General Depository and Review_, April, 1812, in 5 stas. of 4 l. In 1855, stas. III-V were included in Beecher's _Plymouth Coll._ no. 1094 as _How blest are they whose transient years_ 6. _Where ancient forests round us spread_, Written in 1833 for the dedication of a church. Of the above nos. 1, 4, 5 were included in Martineau's _Hymns_, London, 1873. Nos. 4 and 6 are in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and no. 6 is in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. See Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_ for the full text of all Norton's hymns. J. 810 Revised by H.W.F. Parker, Rev. Theodore, was born on a farm in Lexington, Massachusetts on August 24, 1810, and died in Florence, Italy, on May 10, 1860. He entered Harvard College in 1830, but did most of his work at home, and studied in the Harvard Divinity School, 1834-1836. In 1840 he was granted the degree of A.M. from Harvard. Entering the ministry he served the Unitarian Church in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, 1837-1846, and the 28^th Congregational Society, Boston, 1846-1860. He was a famous preacher; author of numerous printed discourses on social and religious problems; and one of the earliest American translators of current German theological literature. He wrote a few poems, none intended for use as hymns, but Longfellow and Johnson took one of his sonnets and, by eliminating two lines, transformed it into a hymn of 3 stanzas of 4 lines each beginning, _O thou great Friend of all the sons of men_, which they included in their _Book of Hymns_, 1846. It has had widespread and long continued use in American hymn-books and to some extent in England. Twelve of Parker's poetical pieces are included in A. P. Putnam's _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_. Biographies of Parker have been written by John Weiss, Octavius B. Frothingham, and other authors. J. 882 H.W.F. Peabody, Rev. Ephraim, Wilton, New Hampshire, March 22, 1807--November 28, 1856, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1827, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1830. After serving as a tutor in the Huidekoper family in Meadville, Pennsylvania, he was ordained in 1832 as minister of a recently gathered Unitarian congregation in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1837 he joined Rev. John H. Morison in serving the First Congregational Society of New Bedford, Massachusetts, and in 1845 he accepted a call to King's Chapel, Boston, where he remained until his death, though ill-health prevented him from preaching in the last year and a half of his life. An impressive preacher, he also wrote some poetry, and a hymn for an ordination, beginning _Lift aloud the voice of praise_ is attributed to him in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. H.W.F. Peabody, Rev. Oliver William Bourne, Exeter, New Hampshire, July 9, 1799--July 5, 1847, Burlington, Vermont. He was twin brother of W. B. O. Peabody, _q.v._ He graduated from Harvard College in 1817, practised law for a few years at Exeter, served as professor of English Literature in Jefferson College, Louisiana from 1842 to 1845, and in the latter year was licensed to preach by the Boston Association and served as minister of the Unitarian Church at Burlington, Vermont, until his death two years later. A hymn beginning _God of the rolling orbs above_ is attributed to him in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, but does not appear to have had further use. J. 887 H.W.F. Peabody, Rev. William Bourne Oliver, D.D., Exeter, New Hampshire, July 9, 1799--May 28, 1847, Springfield, Massachusetts. Graduated from Harvard College in 1817, taught for a year in Phillips Exeter Academy, and studied for the ministry at the Harvard Divinity School. He was ordained as the first minister of the Unitarian Church in Springfield, Massachusetts, in October, 1820, and remained there until his death. In 1823 he published a _Poetical Catechism for the Young_, in which he included some original hymns. He edited _The Springfield Collection of Hymns for Sacred Worship_, Springfield, 1835, which was adopted for use in many parishes besides his own, and several of his hymns were included in it. A _Memoir_ of him, written by his twin brother, O. W. B. Peabody, was published in the 2^d edition of his _Sermons_, 1849, and a collection of his _Literary Remains_ was published in 1850. He is described as "a man of rare accomplishments, and consummate virtue," widely respected and admired. The following hymns by him had considerable use in the 19^th century, but only the last survived in a hymn book of the 20^th. 1. _Behold the western evening light_; (Death of the Righteous) Published in his _Catechism_, 1823, and in _Springfield Collections_, 1835, and elsewhere. It passed into use in England; in altered form in the _Leeds Hymn Book_, 1853, and in George Rawson's Baptist _Ps._ and _Hys._ 1858, where it begins, _How softly on the western hills._ 2. _O when the hours of life are past_ (The Hereafter) Published in his _Catechism_ in answer to the question "What do you learn of the future state of happiness?" It was included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and had some use in its original form, and also altered to _When all the hours of life are past_. 3. _The moon is up; how calm and slow_, (Evening) A poem rather than a hymn, in 6 stas. of 4 l., appended to his _Catechism_, 1823. 4. _When brighter suns and milder skies_, (Spring) Appended to his _Catechism_, 1823, in 6 stas. of 4 l. 5. _Who is thy neighbor? He whom thou_ (The good neighbor) Included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. The full texts of Peabody's hymns are printed in Putnam, _Singers & Songs of the Liberal Faith_, Boston, 1874. J. 887 Revised by H.W.F. Perkins, Rev. James Handasyde, Boston, Massachusetts, July 31, 1810--December 14, 1849, near Cincinnati, Ohio. He was educated at Phillips Exeter Academy and at Round Hill School, Northampton, Massachusetts. After a brief business experience in Boston he moved to Cincinnati, where he was admitted to the bar in 1837, but two years later he took up the Ministry-at-Large organized by the First Congregational Society (Unitarian) of Cincinnati, and later became pastor of the church. He was active in social reforms and as a lecturer, and was author of a number of essays descriptive of life in what was then the far west. The hymn in 3 stanzas, C.M., beginning _It is a faith sublime and sure_, attributed to "J. H. Perkins" in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846-48, is presumably by him, although it is not included with his poems printed in the _Memoir and Writings of James Handasyde Perkins_, edited by W. H. Channing, Cincinnati, 1851. It does not appear to have had any further use. H.W.F. Pierpont, Rev. John, Litchfield, Connecticut, April 6, 1785--August 27, 1866, Medford, Massachusetts. He graduated from Yale College in 1804, studied law, and in 1812 set up practice in Newburyport, Massachusetts, but later turned to the ministry and graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1818. That fall he became minister of the Hollis Street Church (Unitarian) in Boston, which he served till 1840, when a sharp controversy over his outspoken attacks on intemperance, slavery and other social evils led to his resignation. In the same year he published his _Poems and Hymns_, which included his temperance and anti-slavery poems and songs, and of which a later edition appeared in 1854. He also wrote a number of excellent school books. In 1845 he became minister of the Unitarian Church at Troy, New York, and in 1849 of the First Parish in Medford, Massachusetts, which he served until 1859, when he retired. With the outbreak of the Civil War he became an Army chaplain and was later employed in the Treasury Department at Washington. He died suddenly while on a visit to Medford. He was the maternal grandfather of J. Pierpont Morgan of New York, who was named for him, but it would be hard to find a greater contrast than that offered by the careers of the hymn-writing reformer and his grandson, the financial magnate. In his own day Pierpont's hymns brought him a wide reputation. Thus Putnam, in his _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, 1873, says, "Mr. Pierpont was one of the best hymn writers in America. He was a genuine poet, as well as a powerful preacher and stern reformer." Today he occupies a much more modest place in American hymnody. None of his hymns attained a very high level of excellence. Most of them are respectable verse, written in response to frequent requests for hymns for special occasions, but they well illustrate the mood of the Unitarianism of his period. His hymns which have come into use are 1. _Another day its course hath run_ (Evening) Appeared in _Hymns for Children_, Boston 1825; in Greenwood's _Chapel Liturgy_, 1827; in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841; and in the author's _Poems and Hymns_, 1840. 2. _Break forth in song, ye trees_ (Public Thanksgiving) Written for the celebration of the 200^th anniversary of the Settlement of Boston, Sept. 17, 1830. Included in _Poems and Hymns_, 1840. 3. _Break the bread and pour the wine_ (Communion) In Harris's _Hymns for the Lord's Supper_, 1820. 4. _Father, while we break the bread_, (Communion) 5. _God Almighty and All-seeing_ (Greatness of God) Contributed to Elias Nason's _Congregational Hymn Book_, Boston, 1857. 6. _God of mercy, do Thou never_ (Ordination) Written for the ordination of John B. P. Storer at Walpole, Mass., Nov. 18, 1826. Included in the author's _Poems_, 1840, and in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. 7. _God of our fathers, in Whose sight_, (Love of Truth) This hymn is composed of stas. IX and X of a longer hymn written for the Charlestown (Mass.) Centennial, June 17, 1830. In this form it was included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and elsewhere. 8. _Gone are those great and good_, (Commemoration) Part of no. 2, above, in _Church Harmonies_, 1895. 9. _I cannot make him dead_ (Memorial) A part of an exquisitely touching and beautiful poem of ten stanzas, originally printed in the _Monthly Miscellany_, Oct. 1840. 10. _Let the still air rejoice_, (Praise) This was headed "Temperance Hymn" in _The Soldier's Companion_, 1861, but is really a patriotic ditty. 11. _Mighty God, whose name is holy_ (Charitable Institutions) Written for the anniversary of the Howard Benevolent Society, Dec. 1826. Included in the author's _Poems_, 1840. 12. _My God, I thank Thee that the night_ (Morning) In the author's Poems, 1840. In Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841, and Martineau's _Hymns_, 1873, it begins _O God, I thank Thee_. 13. _O bow Thine ear, Eternal One_ (Opening of Worship) Dated 1823, but not included in the author's Poems. It is given in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. 1853. 14. _O Thou to Whom in ancient times_ (Worship) "Written for the opening of the Independent Congregational Church in Barton Square, Salem, Mass. Dec. 7, 1824," and printed at the close of the sermon preached by Henry Colman on that day. Included in the author's _Poems_, 1840, and in many collections in this country and in Great Britain. 15. _O Thou Who art above all height_ (Ordination) "Written for the ordination of Mr. William Ware as Pastor of the First Congregational Church in New York, Dec. 18, 1821." Included in _Poems_, 1840, and in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. 16. _O Thou, Who on the whirlwind rides_ (Dedication of a Place of Worship) Written for the opening of the Seamen's Bethel in Boston, Sept. 11, 1833. Sometimes used beginning _Thou Who on the whirlwind rides_ 17. _O'er Kedron's stream, and Salem's height_, (Gethsemane) Contributed to T. M. Harris's _Hymns for the Lord's Supper_, 1820. Included in Martineau's _Hymns_, London, 1873. 18. _On this stone, now laid with prayer_ (Foundation Stone) Written for the laying of the cornerstone of Suffolk Street Chapel, Boston, for the Ministry to the Poor, May 23, 1839. 19. _With Thy pure dew and rain_, (Against slavery) Written for the African Colonization Society. Included in Cheever's _Common Place Book_, 1831, but not in the author's _Poems_, 1840. 20. _While with lips with praise that glow_, (Communion) Included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns_, etc. All of the above hymns have passed out of use except nos. 1, 8, 12, and 14 which are included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and nos. 8 and 14, included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 895, 1647 Revised by H.W.F. Pray, Lewis Glover, Quincy, Massachusetts, August 15, 1793--October 9, 1882, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He was a business man in Boston, active in civic and church affairs. For 33 years he was superintendent of the Sunday School in the Twelfth Congregational Society of Boston. In 1833 he published a _Sunday School Hymn Book_, the first book containing music published for Sunday Schools in New England. It appeared in enlarged form in 1844 as the _Sunday School Hymn and Service Book_. In 1847 he published his _History of Sunday Schools_. His own hymns and poems were published in 1862 as _The Sylphids' School_, and in a second volume, _Autumn Leaves_, 1873. Most of them are songs for Sunday School use rather than hymns for the church service but one of them, from _The Sylphids' School_, beginning _When God upheaved the pillared earth_, was included in _Hymns of the Ages_. 3^d Series, 1864. J. 906 H.W.F. Prince, Rev. Thomas, D.D., Sandwich, Massachusetts, May 15, 1687--October 22, 1758, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard in 1707. After voyages to Barbadoes and a stay of several years in England he returned to Boston and in 1717 was ordained as colleague of Rev. Joseph Sewall, minister of the Old South Church. His career was marked by frequent controversies and by his _Chronological History of New England_, based on his great collection of rare documents dating from the early years of the Colony. This priceless collection was unfortunately dispersed and much of it lost after his death. During his ministry the Tate and Brady version of the Psalms was gradually replacing the _Bay Psalm Book_ in New England, but his parishioners clung to the old book. He persuaded them to let him revise it, which he did, improving or modernizing the verse and printing after the Psalms "an addition of Fifty other Hymns on the most important subjects of Christianity." It included one hymn by himself beginning _With Christ and all his shining Train_ _Of Saints and Angels, we shall rise_ (The Resurrection) His collection was published in 1758 and was first used in the Old South Meeting House on the Sunday following his death. Its use there continued for another 30 years, but it was not adopted elsewhere, the _Bay Psalm Book_ being by that time generally superseded by collections of _Watts and Select_. H.W.F. Putnam, Rev. Alfred Porter, D. D. Danvers, Massachusetts, January 10, 1827--April 15, 1906, Salem, Massachusetts. He was educated at Brown University, A.B. 1852, and graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1855. Entering the Unitarian ministry he served a church in Roxbury, Massachusetts, 1855-1864, and the Church of the Saviour, Brooklyn, New York, 1864-1886, when he retired. Brown University gave him the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1871. He wrote no hymns but published in 1874 a book entitled _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith: being selections of hymns and other sacred poems of the Liberal Church in America, with biographical sketches of the writers_. This book includes practically all the hymns by American Unitarian authors which had come into use prior to 1870, and the biographical sketches are generally accurate and adequate in brief space. This useful reference book is elsewhere referred to in this Dictionary as Putnam: _Singers and Songs_. H.W.F. Robbins, Rev. Chandler, D.D., Lynn, Massachusetts, February 14, 1810--September 12, 1882, Westport, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1829 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1833. On December 4th of the same year he was ordained minister of the Second Church (Unitarian), Boston, in succession to Henry Ware, Jr. and R. W. Emerson. He received the honorary degree of D.D. from Harvard in 1855. He was the author of a number of books, essays and memorial discourses dealing with local events and persons. In 1843 he published _The Social Hymn Book_, intended for social gatherings rather than for church services, and in 1854 an enlarged edition entitled _Hymn Book for Christian Worship_, though this book does not give his name as editor. He contributed two hymns to _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns for the Sanctuary_, 1845, compiled by George E. Ellis. 1. _Lo! the day of rest declineth_ (Evening) for which L. B. Barnes, then president of the Handel and Haydn Society composed the tune, Bedford Street, named for the location of Dr. Robbins' church. 2. _While thus [now] thy throne of grace we seek_, (Voice of God) The first of these is included in The _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, and in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. The second is in _Church Harmonies_, 1895. J. 966 H.W.F. Robbins, Rev. Samuel Dowse, Lynn, Massachusetts, March 7, 1812--?1884, Belmont, Massachusetts, he was a brother of Chandler Robbins, _q.v._ He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1833 and on November 13 of the same year was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church in Lynn. He subsequently held pastorates in Chelsea (1840), Framingham (1859) and Wayland, Massachusetts, 1867-1873. He wrote a good many poems on religious themes, which were published in magazines and newspapers but were never collected in a volume. The Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868, included four of his hymns, viz: 1. _Down toward the twilight drifting_, (Sunset) 2. _Saviour, when thy bread we break_, (Communion) 3. _Thou art my morning, God of light_, (Day) 4. _Thou art, O God! my East. In thee I dawned_, In Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., this is entitled "The Compass," with the statement, "Several mistakes in this hymn, as it is printed in the Hymn and Tune Book, are here corrected by Mr. Robbins." Julian's _Dictionary_, p. 967, also cites one beginning 5. _Thou art our father! thou of God the Son_ (Christ) but it is a religious poem rather than a hymn and there is no evidence that it was included in any hymn book. J. 967 Revised H.W.F. Sargent, Lucius Manlius, Boston, Massachusetts, June 25, 1786--June 2, 1867, Boston. A layman of independent means, author of many articles advocating temperance. His temperance hymn beginning _Slavery and death the cup contains_ "was written during the Washingtonian Temperance Revival" and appeared in Adams' and Chapin's Unitarian _Hymns for Christian Devotion_, Boston, 1846. In the American Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1878 the first line is altered to read _Bondage and death the cup contains_, The hymn is included, with the original wording, in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_, 1895. J. 1061 H.W.F. Savage, Rev. Minot Judson, D.D., Norridgewock, Maine, June 10, 1841--May 22, 1918, Boston, Massachusetts. His parents were strictly orthodox Congregationalists whose resources were meagre, but a generous benefactor made it possible for him to enter Bangor Theological Seminary, from which he graduated in 1864. He served as a Congregational minister in California, Massachusetts and Missouri, but, having become acquainted with the works of Darwin and Herbert Spencer, he transferred his membership to the Unitarian denomination in 1872 and became minister of the Third Unitarian Church in Chicago. Two years later he accepted a call to Unity Church in Boston, which he served until 1896 when he moved to New York as minister of the Church of the Messiah. He was one of the earliest advocates of a religious interpretation of the doctrine of evolution, a bold thinker and forceful speaker in great demand, and the author of many books and printed sermons. In 1883 he published _Sacred Songs for Public Worship; a Hymn and Tune Book_, with music arranged by Howard M. Dow, for use in Unity Church. It contained 195 hymns and songs, 42 of which were from his own pen. It had the shortcomings of a "one-man book" and was musically nearer akin to the typical gospel song-book than was usual in Unitarian hymn-books, and it had little use outside his own congregation. Several of his hymns passed into other collections in England and America, viz: 1. _Dost thou hear the bugle sounding_, (Duty) 2. _Father, we would not dare to change thy purpose_ (Prayer) 3. _God of the glorious summer hours_, (New Year) 4. _How shall come the kingdom holy_ (Coming of the kingdom) 5. _O God, whose law is in the sky_ (Consecration to Duty) 6. _O star of truth, down shining_, (Devotion to Truth) 7. _Seek not afar for beauty_, (God in Nature) 8. _The God that to our fathers revealed his holy will_, 9. _The very blossoms of our life_, (Baptism) 10. _What purpose burns within our hearts_, (Church Fellowship) 11. _When the gladsome day declineth_, (Evening) Of these nos. 4, 6, 7 and 11 are included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1698 H.W.F. Scudder, Eliza, Boston, Massachusetts, November 14, 1821--September 28, 1896, Weston, Massachusetts. She was a niece of Rev. E. H. Sears, _q.v._ Early in life she joined a Congregational Church, throughout her middle years was a Unitarian, and late in life entered the Episcopal Church. She wrote a small number of poems which were published in Boston in 1880 under the title _Hymns and Sonnets, by E.S._, and again with her two latest poems and a brief biographical sketch by Horace E. Scudder, in 1897, but most of her hymns had appeared at earlier dates in other places. They are characterized by a profound mystical spirit expressed in terms of great literary beauty, and some of them passed into a considerable measure of common use. 1. _And wherefore should I seek above_, This hymn, included in _The Isles of Shoals Hymnbook_, 1908, consists of the last three stanzas of a much longer poem entitled "The New Heaven," dated 1855. 2. _From past regret and present faithlessness_, (Repentance) written in August, 1871, and published in _Quiet Hours_, Boston, 1875. This was altered in some hymnbooks to, _From past regret and present feebleness_, In most cases the opening stanza has been omitted and the hymn has begun with the second stanza, _Thou Life within my life, than self more near_, see no. 9, below. 3. _I cannot find Thee, still on restless pinion_, (Seeking after God) This first appeared in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. 4. _In Thee my powers and treasures live_, (Faith and Joy) This appeared in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. It is part of a hymn of 10 stanzas beginning _Let whosoever will inquire_, dated 1855. In _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, another arrangement of stanzas forms a hymn beginning _My God, I rather look to Thee_ 5. _Life of our life, and light of all our seeing_, (Prayer) Written in August, 1870, it was included in _Quiet Hours_, 1875. 6. _The day is done: the weary day of thought and toil is past_, (Evening) Included in _Sermons and Songs of the Christian Life_, E. H. Sears, Boston, 2^nd ed. 1878, p. 296, entitled "Vesper Hymn," dated "October, 1874." 7. _Thou Grace divine, encircling all_, (Divine Grace) This appeared in E. H. Sears' _Pictures of the Olden Time, as shown in the Fortunes of a Family of Pilgrims_, 1857. Written in 1852, it was included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. In the Universalist _Psalms and Hymns_, 1865, it was mistakenly called "An Ancient Catholic Hymn." 8. _Thou hast gone up again_ (Ascension) In _Hymns and Sonnets_, 1880. 9. _Thou Life within my life, than self more near_, As noted above, this is part of No. 2, beginning with the second stanza of that hymn. In this form it is perhaps Miss Scudder's most beautiful hymn. 10. _Thou long disowned, reviled, opprest_, (Spirit of Truth) Written in January, 1860, it was included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. A cento from this hymn, altered to read, _Come Thou, with purifying fire_, was included in Stryker's _Church Song_, 1889. Of these hymns nos. 3, 4 (selected stanzas), 7, 9 and 10 are included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and nos. 3, 7 and 9 in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1035, 1589, 1700 H.W.F. Sears, Rev. Edmund Hamilton; Sandisfield, Massachusetts April 6, 1810--January 16, 1876, Weston, Massachusetts. Studied at Union College, graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1837. Ordained minister of the First Parish (Unitarian) of Wayland, Massachusetts, on February 20, 1839. He soon after went to Lancaster, Massachusetts; returned to Wayland, 1848-1864; and was minister of the First Parish, Weston, Massachusetts, 1866 until his death. He was author of many books and printed sermons, and of a good many poems, often hymns supplementary to his sermons. None of these, however, have come into general use, and his reputation as a hymn writer is based on his two widely used Christmas hymns, found in many hymn books. The first, _Calm on the listening ear of night_, was written in 1839. It was included as "Anon." in _The Christian Psalter_, published in 1841 by Sears' friend, Rev. W. P. Lunt, _q.v._ of Quincy, Massachusetts. In the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, the second line of sta. 6 The Saviour now is born! was changed to read The Prince of Peace is born! but the original reading was restored in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. His second hymn, _It came upon the midnight clear_, was written in 1849. One tradition about it reports that it was written at Mr. Lunt's request and was first used at the Christmas celebration of the Sunday School in Quincy in that year. Sta. 5 of this hymn For lo! the days are hastening on By prophet bards foretold, When with the ever-circling years Comes round the age of gold; When peace shall over all the earth Its ancient splendors fling, And the whole world give back the song Which now the angels sing has appeared in re-written forms more than once because its "backward look" to a golden age is not Biblical but is derived from the Fourth Eclogue of the poet Virgil. In the Episcopal _Hymnal_ of 1874 this is altered to read For lo, the days are hastening on By prophets seen of old, Till with the ever circling years Shall come the time foretold, When the new heaven and earth shall own The Prince of Peace their King- - - - and this version was reprinted in the Episcopal hymnals of 1892 and 1916, and passed into other collections. In the _Hymnal_, 1940, it was again altered to read For lo, the days are hastening on By prophets seen of old, When with the ever circling years Shall come the time foretold These alterations may have brought the hymn into closer accord with orthodox theology, but at the expense of some of its poetic beauty. Two patriotic songs by Sears were included in the army hymn book, _The Soldier's Companion_, 1861. One headed "A Psalm of Freedom" begins, _Still wave our streamer's glorious folds_, The other is headed "Song of the Stars and Stripes," and begins, _We see the gallant streamer yet_, Neither has any great merit, though both may have served the purpose for which they were written. J. 1036 H.W.F. Sewall, C. An anti-slavery hymn attributed to a person of this name is included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. It begins, _Lord, when thine ancient people cried_, It is probable, but not certain, that the author was Rev. Charles Chauncy Sewall, Marblehead, Massachusetts, May 10, 1802--November 22, 1886, Medfield, Massachusetts; who was a graduate of Bowdoin College and who received the degree of Master of Arts from Harvard in 1832. He was a Unitarian minister serving churches in Peabody, Massachusetts, 1827-1841; Sharon, Massachusetts, 1857-1862; and Medfield, 1873-1377. H.W.F. Sigourney, Mrs. Lydia Howard (Huntley), Norwich, Connecticut, September 1, 1791--June 10, 1865, Hartford, Connecticut, wife of Charles Sigourney. She was a prolific writer of prose and verse contributed to many periodicals, and author of many books, chiefly moral tales for young people. She became a very popular writer and spent two years, 1840-1842, in England where she met many celebrities. Two hymns by her were included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, viz: 1. _Laborers of Christ, arise_, (Brotherhood) This was also included in _Church Harmonies_, 1895, with the first line altered to read _Servants of Christ, arise_. 2. _When adverse winds and waves arise_ (Trust) Neither hymn has had later use. J. 1057, 1589. H.W.F. Sill, Edward Rowland, Windsor, Connecticut, April 29, 1841--February 27, 1887, Cleveland, Ohio. He graduated from Yale in 1861 and spent several months in the year 1866-1867 at the Harvard Divinity School, writing his one fine hymn, _Send down thy truth, O God_, for the School's Visitation Day exercises in 1867. It was included in his collection of poems, _The Hermitage_, published the same year, and passed thence into many American hymnbooks. Presumably he entered the Divinity School intending to prepare for the Unitarian ministry, but he did not do so and neither then nor later associated himself with any denomination. At the end of the academic year 1867 he moved to California where he was Professor of English Literature, 1874-1882 at the University of California. He published several books of poems of superior quality. J. 1703 H.W.F. Silliman, Rev. Vincent Brown, D.D., Hudson, Wisconsin, June 29, 1894--still living. He graduated from Meadville Theological School in 1920 and from the University of Minnesota in 1925. He has served Unitarian churches in Buffalo, New York; Portland, Maine; Hollis, New York; and Chicago, Illinois. He was a member of the committee which edited _The Beacon Song and Service Book for Children and Young People_, 1935, and edited _We Sing of Life_, 1955, an unusual collection of songs for children and young people, with a strong ethical emphasis, some set to familiar hymn tunes, others to interesting folk music. Mr. Silliman contributed the words of several songs. One of them, beginning, _Morning, so fair to see_, is also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, set to St. Elizabeth (Crusader's Hymn). H.W.F. Spencer, Mrs. Anna Garlin, (wife of Rev. William H. Spencer), Attleboro, Massachusetts, April 17, 1851--February 12, 1931, New York. She was ordained as a Unitarian minister, and was a lecturer and author of books on social problems. In 1896 in her "Orders of Service for Public Worship" she included her song entitled "The Marching Song of the Workers," beginning, _Hail the hero workers of the mighty past_, set to St. Gertrude. It was included in _Hymns of the United Church_, 1924, in _Songs of Work and Worship_, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Sprague, Charles, Boston, Massachusetts, October 22, 1791--January 22, 1875, Boston. A Unitarian layman. Although a business man without a college education he wrote much verse which brought him a considerable reputation and requests for poems to celebrate special occasions. One of them was read before the Harvard chapter of Phi Beta Kappa in Cambridge in 1829, and was re-published, with minor alterations, a few years later in Calcutta by a British officer, as his own work. A collection of his poems was published in 1841, and an enlarged edition in 1850. A number of his shorter poems are given in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, and a hymn attributed to "C. Sprague" is included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, beginning _O Thou, at whose dread name we stand_. H.W.F. Trapp, Rev. Jacob, S.T.D., Muskegon, Michigan, April 12, 1899--still living. He was educated at Valparaiso University and The Pacific Unitarian School for the Ministry (now called The Starr King School for the Ministry). He was ordained in 1929 and has served Unitarian churches in Salt Lake City, Utah; Denver, Colorado; and Summit, New Jersey. In 1932 he wrote a hymn beginning, _Wonders still the world shall witness_, which is included, with some revisions, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Tuckerman, Rev. Joseph, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, January 18, 1778--April 20, 1840, Havana, Cuba. He graduated from Harvard College in 1798, a classmate of Rev. William Ellery Channing, whose close friend he remained through life. He was licensed to preach by the Boston Association and in 1801 was ordained minister of a church in Chelsea, Massachusetts, at that time a small farming community, which he served for 25 years. He then moved to Boston to begin his "ministry-at-large" to the unchurched elements in the population, under the auspices of the American Unitarian Association and later of the Benevolent Fraternity of Churches. He attained wide reputation for his philanthropy and his wide methods of social reform. Harvard gave him the honorary degree of D.D. in 1824. His hymn _Father divine! This deadening power control_ (Aspiration) is attributed to "Tuckerman" in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, but is not listed in Julian's _Dictionary_ or included in later collections. H.W.F. Very, Jones, Salem, Massachusetts, August 28, 1813--May 8, 1880, Salem, Massachusetts. He was brother of Washington Very, _q.v._ He graduated from Harvard College in 1836, and served as tutor in Greek there for two years. Although Julian, _Dictionary_, p. 1219, says that he entered the Unitarian ministry in 1843, he was never ordained as a settled minister though he served frequently as an occasional lay preacher. Most of his life was given to literary pursuits. In 1839 he published _Essays and Poems_, and thereafter was a frequent contributor in prose and verse to periodicals, including _The Christian Register_ and the _Monthly Magazine_. The following hymns by him have passed into various American Unitarian collections. 1. _Father! I wait Thy word_, (Waiting upon God) 2. _Father, there is no change to live with Thee_ (Peace) 3. _Father! Thy wonders do not singly stand_ (The Spirit Land) 4. _Wilt Thou not visit me?_ (The Divine Presence) These four, from _Essays and Hymns_, were included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Book of Hymns_, 1846, as were also three from other sources:-- 5. _I saw on earth another light_ (The Light Within) 6. _The bud will soon become a flower_ (Sowing and Reaping) 7. _Turn not from him who asks of thee_ (Kind Words) Longfellow and Johnson's second book, _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, also included 8. _One saint to another I heard say, How long_ (The Future) Most of these hymns are in Lyra Sacra Americana and in Putnam's Singers and Songs, etc. Two other of his hymns have been published in later collections, viz: 9. _O heavenly gift of love divine_, (Divine assistance) from his _Essays and Poems_ is included in the _Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1904; and 10. _We go not on a pilgrimage_ (This earth as holy land) is included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914 and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. Of the hymns listed above nos. 2 and 3 are included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, and in other publications. Another hymn beginning _There is a world eye hath not seen_ (The Spirit World) included in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and there marked _Anon._, is attributed to Very in Julian's _Dictionary_. The hymn is an abbreviated and mutilated version of the beautiful poem beginning _There is a world we have not seen_ in A. M. Buchanan's _Folk Hymns of America_, pp. 80-81. (See H. W. Foote, _Three Centuries of American Hymnody_, p. 173). The original form is in three stanzas of eight lines, long metre. The very inferior re-written form is in four stanzas, four lines, common metre. Some of the lines are unchanged from the original, others altered, and the last stanza is a didactic addition. It is altogether improbable that this was done by Very. J. 1219, 1721 H.W.F. Very, Washington, Salem, Massachusetts, November 12, 1815--April 28, 1853, Salem. He graduated from Harvard College in 1843, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1846. After preaching for a year without settlement he opened a private school in Salem, which he conducted until his death. He was brother of Jones Very, _q.v._ Putnam in _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_ includes three of W. Very's poetical pieces, one of which _There cometh o'er the Spirit_ (Spring) appeared in Longfellow and Johnson's Book of Hymns, 1846. J. 1219 H.W.F. Ware, Rev. Henry, Jr., D.D., Hingham, Massachusetts, April 21, 1794--September 22, 1843, Framingham, Massachusetts. His family was for three generations an outstanding one in the liberal ministry; his father, Dr. Henry Ware, Sr., was called in 1805 from a pastorate in Hingham to serve as Hollis Professor of Divinity at Harvard; his younger brother, William Ware, was the first minister of what is now All Souls Church, New York; and his son, J. F. W. Ware, was later the minister of Arlington Street Church, Boston. Henry Ware, Jr. graduated with high honors from Harvard in 1812, and after teaching for two years at Phillips Exeter Academy returned to Cambridge, to continue his theological studies. He was licensed to preach on July 31, 1815, but was not ordained as minister of the Second Church in Boston (Unitarian) until January 1, 1817. Never vigorous in body, he offered his resignation in 1829, but the congregation refused to accept it, appointing R. W. Emerson to be assistant minister. In 1830, however, he resigned, to accept an appointment as Professor of Pulpit Eloquence and Pastoral Care at the Harvard Divinity School, a position which he held till 1842. He then moved from Cambridge to Framingham, Massachusetts, where he died a few months later. Harvard gave him the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1834. In spite of ill health he wrote much, and he was a greatly beloved teacher, whose saintly character commanded the highest respect. For several years he edited the _Christian Disciple_, established in 1813, and he was author of many printed books, addresses and sermons, listed in the _Memoir_ of him, published by his brother, Dr. John Ware, in 1846. His collected works were published in four volumes in 1847, the first volume including his occasional poems and his hymns. Some of these last reached a high standard of excellence and brought him wide recognition in the liberal churches of Great Britain as well as in this country. No less than eight pieces of his verse were included in _Lyra Sacra Americana_, published by the British Religious Tract Society in 1868. His hymns are some of the choicest poetical expressions of liberal religious thought in the first period of American Unitarian hymnody, but almost all have dropped out of present use. Most of them will be found in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. 1. _All nature's works His praise declare_, (Worship) Headed "On Opening an Organ" and dated November 9, 1822. In view of the almost universal use of organs in modern churches it is rather surprizing that this should be a well-nigh unique example of a hymn for the dedication of such an instrument. It is also a good general hymn of worship. It was included in Horder's British _Congregational Hymns_, 1884, and in a number of American Unitarian collections. 2. _Around the throne of God, the host angelic sings_, A hymn of "Universal Praise," based on Revelation IV, 2, 3; XV, 3. Dated 1823 and published in the _Christian Disciple_, vol. V. A fine hymn of its type, but little used, perhaps because of its metre, 6.6.6.6.4.4.4.4. 3. _Father of earth and heaven, Whose arm upholds creation_, (Thanksgiving for Divine Mercies) Included in Cheever's _Common Place Book_, 1831, and in _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 4. _Father, Thy gentle chastisement_ (In sickness) Dated March, 1836. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 5. _Great God, the followers of thy Son_, (Ordination) Written for the ordination of Jared Sparks, the historian, as minister of the First Unitarian Church, Baltimore, Maryland, May 5, 1819, but suitable for any service of worship and perhaps the most widely used of Ware's hymns. 6. _In this glad hour when children meet_ (Family Gatherings) Dated August 20, 1835. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 7. _Lift your glad voices in triumph on high_ (Easter) Dated 1817, and published in the _Christian Disciple_ of that year, in 2 stanzas of 8 lines. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_ and included in many 19^th century hymn books. In a few cases the second stanza alone is given, beginning _Glory to God, in full anthems of joy!_ 8. _Like Israel's hosts to exile driven_ (The God of our Fathers) Written for the Centennial Celebration of the Boston Thursday Lecture, October 17, 1833. It is a quasi-national hymn in praise of the Pilgrim Fathers. Included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ and in _Lyra Sacra Americana_. 9. _O Thou in whom alone is found_ (Laying Foundation Stone for a Place of Worship) Not dated. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_, and in Thring's _Collection_ (British) 1882. 10. _O Thou who on thy chosen Son_, (Ordination) Written "For an ordination, March, 1829." Included in Dale's _English Hymn Book_, 1874. 11. _Oppression shall not always reign_, (Anti-Slavery Song) Dated March 15, 1843, it is the last of the author's writings in verse. In its original form it was a poem in several stanzas unsuited for use as a hymn, but 3 stanzas, beginning as above, had been taken from it, altered and transposed, and thus adapted for worship. Stanzas one and two were included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ and in Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. 12. _To prayer, to prayer, for morning breaks_, (Prayer) In 1826 he wrote a poem of 10 stanzas, 6 lines each, entitled "Seasons of Prayer," printed in full in _Lyra Sacra Americana_ and in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, from which at least three variant centos were in use in the 19^th century. One beginning with the first line, as above, adapting it for morning worship, was included in Lunt's _Christian Psalter_, 1841, and in later collections. Another beginning with the second stanza _To prayer, the glorious sun is gone_, was adapted for evening worship. A third selection, beginning with the third stanza of the poem, _To prayer! for the day that God hath blest_, was included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_. 13. _We rear not a temple, like Judah of old_, (Dedication of a Place of Worship) "For the dedication of a church, April, 1839." 14. _With praise and prayer our gifts we bring_ (Opening of a Place of Worship) In Dale's _English Hymn Book_, 1874. Not in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc. None of the hymns listed above are in current use except nos. 1 and 5, both of which are included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1233, 1595 Revised by H.W.F. Waterston, Rev. Robert Cassie, Kennebunk, Maine, 1812--February 21, 1893, Boston, Massachusetts. He studied for a time at the Harvard Divinity School. In 1844 Harvard gave him the degree of Master of Arts, following the publication of his book on _Moral and Spiritual Culture_. In 1839 he was ordained to the ministry-at-large (Unitarian) in Boston, in charge of the Pitts Street Chapel, where he remained till 1845. From 1845 to 1852 he served as minister of the Church of the Saviour, Boston, and from 1854 to 1856 he was minister of the First Religious Society of Newburyport, Massachusetts. Thereafter he gave himself to educational and literary pursuits. He was a member of the Massachusetts Historical Society and was long active on the Boston School Committee. He wrote many essays, addresses and poems, the most important of which are listed in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc., pp. 390-410. He contributed one hymn to the Cheshire Pastoral Association's _Christian Hymns_, 1844, and eight to his own _Supplement_ to Greenwood's _Psalms and Hymns_, 1845. 1. _God of the soul_ (The soul and God) 2. _Great God, in heaven above_, Written for a Sunday School. 3. _Great Source of Good, our God and Friend_ (Worship) 4. _In ages past, majestic prophets_, (The Coming of Jesus) 5. _Nature with eternal youth_ Written before 1853 and included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, published in that year. It is a selection of 4 stanzas, numbers 4 to 7, from a longer poem entitled _Nature and the Soul_, printed in full in Putnam. 6. _Lord of all, we bow before Thee_ Entitled "Christian Benevolence." 7. _O God of Light and Love_, Written for the annual meeting of the American Unitarian Association, Boston, 1845. 8. _O Lord of Life! to Thee we pray_, Written for the dedication of a church. 9. _One sweet flower has drooped and faded_, Included in the Cheshire _Collection_, 1844, entitled "Death of a Pupil." In Putnam the opening line reads "_One bright flower has drooped_", etc. and the hymn is entitled "On the Death of a Child", with a note, "Sung by her classmates." 10. _Theories, which thousands cherish_, (Truth) Published in _The Religious Monthly_, Boston, and included in several collections. 11. _Thou who didst aid our sires_ (On leaving an old house of worship) Written for the last service of worship held in the Federal Street Meeting House, Boston, March 13, 1859. All of these hymns, and a number of other poems by Waterston, are included in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_, etc., but few of them are dated or annotated as to use. The author was a popular writer of verses which were respectable expressions of the religious thought and feeling of his community, in which they had considerable vogue, but they rarely rise above mediocrity and have long since dropped out of use. J. 1235, 1724 H.W.F. Weir, Hon. Robert Stanley, D.C.L. 1856-1926. Judge in Admiralty of the Exchequer Court of Canada. He translated, from the original French by Calixa Lavallée, the hymn beginning, in his English version, _O Canada, our home, our native land_, which was adopted by the Canadian government as Canada's national hymn. It is included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. He was a member of the Church of the Messiah (Unitarian), Montreal. H.W.F. Weiss, Rev. John, Boston, Massachusetts, June 28, 1828--March 9, 1879, Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 1837, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1843. He was ordained minister of the First Church, (Unitarian) Watertown, Massachusetts in 1843; was minister of the First Church, New Bedford, Massachusetts, 1847-1858; and served the church at Watertown again 1862-1869. He was a leader in the anti-slavery movement and a prolific author of books and essays. For Visitation Day at the Divinity School, 1843, he wrote a hymn beginning, 1. _A wondrous star our pioneer_, which was included in the _Book of Hymns_, 1846, compiled by S. Longfellow and S. Johnson, and in their later book, _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. The _Book of Hymns_ also included a hymn "For a Summer Festival" beginning, 2. _Beneath thy trees we meet today_, which is in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_, 1895. His hymn 3. _The world throws wide its brazen gates_ was included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. Three other hymns by him, which have not found their way into any hymn books, are printed in Putnam's _Singers and Songs_. H.W.F. Wendte, Rev. Charles William, Boston, Massachusetts, June 11, 1844--September 9, 1911, San Francisco, California. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1869 and served Unitarian churches in Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Newport, Rhode Island. From 1885 to 1900 he was engaged in denominational work on the Pacific Coast and thereafter was Secretary for Foreign Affairs of the American Unitarian Association, Boston, spending a part of each year in Europe. Long interested in Sunday Schools he published in 1886 _The Carol, for Sunday School and Home_; a book of songs for use by children and young people entitled _Jubilate Deo_ in 1900; and another in 1908 entitled _Heart and Voice, a Collection of Songs and Services for the Sunday-School and Home_. In 1907 he wrote a hymn on "The City of God" beginning, _Not given to us from out the sky_, which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, (with a slight alteration by the author). H.W.F. Westwood, Rev. Horace, D.D., Wakefield, Yorkshire, England, August 17, 1884--December 24, 1956, Clearwater, Florida. Emigrating to the United States, he served in the Methodist ministry for several years, and after 1910 served as minister in Unitarian churches in Youngstown, Ohio; Winnipeg, Canada; Toledo, Ohio; and extensively as a mission preacher. His hymn in one stanza, _Spirit of Truth, of Life, of Power_, (1922) was included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and he privately printed a small collection, _Some Hymns and Verses_, n.d., a few of which appeared in periodicals, but have not had wider use. H.W.F. Wile, Mrs. Frances Whitmarsh, Bristol Centre, New York, December 2, 1878--July 31, 1939, Rochester, New York. Married A. J. Wile in 1901. Her lovely hymn for use in winter, beginning, _All beautiful the march of days_, was written about 1907 while she was a parishioner of Rev. William C. Gannett, _q.v._, in Rochester, New York, in consultation with him, and was included in Gannett and Hosmer's revised edition of _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1911, from which it passed into _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Wiley, Hiram Ozias, Middlebury, Vermont, May 20, 1831--January 28, 1873, Peabody, [Danvers] Massachusetts. He was a Unitarian layman who practised law in Peabody from 1855 until his death, and was the author of occasional verse contributed to local newspapers. On May 17, 1865, the _South Danvers Wizard_ published his hymn beginning _He leads us on by paths we did not know_, and republished it on May 8, 1867, with a note reading "Some years ago we published the following poem, which was written for our columns by H. O. Wiley, Esq. Since then it has traversed the country in all directions, without any credit being given either to our paper or to the author. We reproduce it from a Western paper in order to correct several errors that have crept into it. Ed." It is the only hymn included in the small volume of Wiley's poems published as a memorial to him soon after his death. Its earliest appearance in a hymn book was in the 1873 Supp. to the Unitarian _Sunday School Hymn Book_, with the first line changed to _God leads us on, etc._, About the same time it reached England, where it passed into a number of collections without the name of the author. In Julian's _Dictionary_, p. 1647, "J.M." states that it appears as _Anon._ in _Our Home beyond the Tide_, Glasgow, 1878, and that in _Meth. Free. Ch. Hys._, 1889, it is attributed to "Count Zinzendorf, about 1750. Tr. H.L.L." (Jane Borthwick) although that attribution is questioned because the hymn could not be found in any of Miss Borthwick's translations. The mistaken attribution persisted, however, long enough to be included in the second edition of the _Pilgrim Hymnal_, in the first decade of this century. Since then the hymn has passed, in its original form and rightly attributed to Wiley, into various other collections, among them the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Willard, Rev. Samuel, 1776-1859. He graduated from Harvard College in 1803, served the First Church (Unitarian) in Deerfield, Massachusetts 1807 to 1829, when he resigned on account of blindness. In 1823 he published a collection of 158 songs, composed by himself, and in 1830 a compilation entitled "_Sacred Music and Poetry Reconciled_," a hymnbook containing 518 hymns by various authors, about 180 of them written by himself. This book was adopted for use in the Third Parish in Hingham, Massachusetts where Willard was then living, but had little circulation elsewhere, and none of his hymns came into general use. H.W.F. Williams, Velma Curtis (Wright), East Boston, Massachusetts, July 29, 1852--January 22, 1941, Boston, Massachusetts. Wife of Rev. Theodore C. Williams, _q.v._ Her _Hymnal: Amore Dei, compiled by Mrs. Theodore C. Williams_, was published in Boston in 1890, revised edition 1897. It was edited with the assistance of her husband, then minister of All Souls' Church, New York, where it was used, and in many other churches as well. Mrs. Williams herself wrote no hymns. J. 1604 H.W.F. Williams, Rev. Theodore Chickering, Brookline, Massachusetts, July 2, 1855--May 6, 1915, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1876, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1882. He was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church in Winchester, Massachusetts, in 1882, but became minister of All Souls' Church, New York in 1883. He resigned in 1896, and spent two years in Europe. After his return he served as headmaster of Hackley School, Tarrytown, New York, 1899-1905. A classical scholar, and gifted as a poet, he published a fine metrical translation of Virgil's _Aeneid_, wrote a number of hymns which are religious poetry of a high order, and assisted his wife, Velma C. Williams, _q.v._, in compiling her _Hymnal: Amore Dei_, 1890, revised edition 1897. A few of his hymns appeared in this book and, with others of later date, are included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, as follows: 1. _As the storm retreating_, (Peace after storm) Dated 1888. 2. _By law from Sinai's clouded steep_, (Sabbath rest) 3. _God be with thee! Gently o'er thee_ (Inward Peace) Dated 1889. 4. _Hast thou heard it, O my brother?_ (The Challenge of Life) Dated 1902. 5. _In the lonely midnight_ (Christmas) 6. _Lord, who dost the voices bless_ Written for the ordination of Rev. Benjamin R. Bulkeley at Concord, Massachusetts, 1882. 7. _My country, to thy shore_, (Hymn for the Nation) Dated 1912. 8. _Thou rulest, Lord, the lights on high_ (Universal Praise) Dated 1911. 9. _To hold thy glory, Lord of all_, (Dedication of a Church) Dated 1911. 10. _When the world around us throws_, (Lent) Dated 1899. 11. _When thy heart, with joy o'erflowing_ (Brotherhood) Dated 1891. Three other hymns by him, included in _Amore Dei_, have not come into general use, viz.: 12. _Glory be to God on high_, (Universal Worship) Dated 1889. 13. _I long did roam afar from home_, Dated 1889. 14. _My heart of dust was made_, Of the above all from nos. 1 to 11 are included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and, except no. 9, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, which also includes no. 12. Nos. 5, 11 and 12 are in the _Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1934. J. 1728 H.W.F. Willis, Love Maria (Whitcomb), Hancock, New Hampshire, June 9, 1824--November 26, 1908, Elmira, New York. She married Frederick L. E. Willis, M.D., of Boston, in 1858. She was for some years one of the editors of _The Banner of Light_, Boston, and of _Tiffany's Monthly Magazine_, and was a frequent contributor to these and other periodicals. She wrote a number of hymns, one of which, beginning, _Father, hear the Prayer I offer_ (Aspiration) was published in _Tiffany's Monthly_ in 1859. In Longfellow and Johnson's _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, it was considerably rewritten, with the opening line changed to read, _Father, hear the prayer we offer_, and was cited as "Anon." This 1864 text came into considerable use in various collections in England, and was included in _The English Hymnal_ as late as 1906. It has also had wide use in America and will be found in almost all Unitarian hymn books since 1864, most recently in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. J. 1728 H.W.F. Willis, Nathaniel Parker, Portland, Maine, January 20, 1807--January 29, 1867. He graduated from Yale College in 1826. A journalist and editor, he wrote for the _American Monthly_ and the _New York Mirror_. From 1831 to 1837 he was in Europe attached to the American Legation at the French Court. On his return he became, in 1839, one of the editors of _The Corsair_. His works are numerous and include _Sacred Poems_, 1843. His hymn _The perfect world by Adam trod_, was "Written to be sung at the Consecration of Hanover Street [Unitarian] Church, Boston," in 1826. It was included in Hedge and Huntington's _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and in a good many other collections, although of no exceptional merit. J. 1285 H.W.F. Wilson, Rev. Edwin Henry, D.D. Chester Park, Long Island, New York, August 23, 1898--still living. He graduated from Boston University, 1922; from Meadville Theological School, 1926; and took the degree of M.A. at the University of Chicago, 1928. He has served as minister of Unitarian churches in Chicago, Illinois; Schenectady, New York; and Salt Lake City, Utah. Since 1949 he has been Director of the American Humanist Association. His hymn beginning, _Where is our holy church?_ written in 1928, is included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Wilson, Rev. Lewis Gilbert, Southboro, Massachusetts, February 19, 1858--April 24, 1928, Floral City, Florida. He studied at Dartmouth, Harvard and Meadville Theological School, and in 1883 was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church at Leicester, Massachusetts. Later he served the Unitarian church at Hopedale, Massachusetts, and from 1907-1915 was Secretary in the American Unitarian Association. While there he was a member of the committee which edited _The New Hymn and Tune Book_ published in 1914 by the Association. This book included three of his hymns, beginning 1. _O God, our dwelling place_, 2. _O troubled sea of Galilee_, 3. _The works, O Lord, our hands have wrought_, all three of which were written in 1912. The first of these is also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. H.W.F. Young, George H. (No information available) A hymn of 4 stanzas, L.M., beginning, _With heart's glad song, dear Lord, we come_, is attributed to him in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. H.W.F. FOOTNOTES [1]Frederic M. Bird, an Episcopalian clergyman, then professor at Lehigh University, in his day the leading authority on American hymnody. [2]Louis F. Benson, a Presbyterian clergyman, the successor of F. M. Bird as the foremost American hymnologist in the first third of this century. [3]See accompanying Catalogue of American Unitarian Hymn Books. [4]Julian's _Dictionary_, p. 60, lists Huntington, with Eliza Scudder and Harriet Beecher Stowe, as Episcopalian. It is true that Huntington joined the Episcopal church in 1859, as did Miss Eliza Scudder in her old age, but all the hymns produced by either of them were written while they were still Unitarians in belief, and Harriet Beecher Stowe was a life long Congregationalist. [5]A few graduates of Harvard College (or Divinity School), belonging to other denominations have also written hymns, the most notable being Samuel Francis Smith (1808-1895), the greatest hymn writer of the 19^th century in the Baptist denomination; Phillips Brooks (1835-1893) with his one famous Christmas hymn; and, in the present century, Rev. Walter Russell Bowie (1882-_1969_), but the total number of their hymns is a very small percentage of the number by Unitarian graduates at Harvard. [6]The numbers in brackets refer to the books listed in this catalogue. _Index of First Lines of American Unitarian Hymns_ which have been included in one or more published Hymn Books, with names of their authors, to facilitate reference to the preceding Biographical Sketches for further information. Verses by these authors printed elsewhere than in some Hymn Book are there noted, but have not been indexed. A A holy air is breathing round-- Livermore, A. A. A little kingdom I possess,-- Alcott A mighty fortress is our God-- Hedge A voice by Jordan's shore-- Longfellow, S. A wondrous star our pioneer-- Weiss Abba, Father, hear-- Anon. Abide not in the realm of dreams,-- Burleigh Across a century's border line-- Hosmer Again as evening's shadow falls-- Longfellow, S. Alas! how poor and little worth-- Anon. Alas! how swift-- Adams, J. Q. All are architects of fate-- Longfellow, H. W. All beautiful the march of days-- Wile All before us is the way-- Clapp, see also Emerson All hail, God's angel, Truth-- Newell All hail the pageant of the years-- Holmes, J. H. All hidden lie the future ways-- Hosmer All holy, ever living One-- Hill All is of God: if he but wave his hand-- Longfellow, H. W. All nature's works His praise declare-- Ware All praise to him of Nazareth-- Bryant All that in this wide world-- Bryant All things that are on earth-- Bryant Almighty Builder, bless, we pray-- Church Almighty! hear thy children raise-- altered to Almighty, listen while we praise-- Bryant America triumphant! Brave land of pioneers-- Holmes, J. H. Amid the heaven of heavens-- Bartrum And wherefore should I seek above-- Scudder Angel of peace, thou hast tarried-- Holmes, O. W. Another day its course hath run-- Pierpont Another year of setting suns-- Chadwick Around the throne of God, the host-- Ware As darker, darker fall around-- See: Longfellow, S. As once again we gather here-- Greenwood As shadows cast by sun and cloud-- Bryant As the storm retreating-- Williams, T. C. As tranquil streams that meet-- Ham At first I prayed for light-- Cheney B Be thou ready, fellow-mortal-- Bartol Behold, the servant of the Lord-- Anon. Behold the western evening light-- Peabody, W. B. O. Beneath the shadow of the cross-- Longfellow, S. Beneath thine hammer, Lord-- Hedge Beneath thy trees we meet today-- Weiss Benignant Saviour: 'twas not thine, altered to Most gracious Saviour: 'twas not thine-- Bulfinch Blest is the hour when-- Anon. Blest is the mortal-- Adams, J. Q. Blind Bartimeus at the gate-- Longfellow, H. W. Bondage and death the cup contains-- Sargent Break the bread and pour the wine-- Pierpont Bring, O morn, thy music-- Gannett Brother, hast thou wandered far-- Clarke Burden of shame and woe-- Bulfinch By law from Sinai's clouded steep-- Williams, T. C. C Calm on the listening ear of night-- Sears Christ hath arisen-- Hedge Christ to the young man said-- Longfellow, H. W. City of God, how broad, how far-- Johnson Clear in memory's silent reaches-- Gannett Close softly, fondly, while ye weep-- Bryant Come, Holy Spirit, hush my heart-- Anon. Come, let us sing-- Adams, J. Q. Come, let us who in Christ-- Anon. Come, O thou universal good-- Anon. Come, Thou Almighty King-- Anon. Come, Thou Almighty Will-- See: Longfellow, S. Come to the morning prayer-- Anon. D Day unto day uttereth speech-- Burleigh Dear ties of mutual succor-- Bryant Deem not that they are blest alone-- Bryant Deus omnium creator-- Greenough Down the dark future thro long generations-- Longfellow, H. W. Down toward the twilight drifting-- Robbins, S. D. E Enkindling Love, eternal Flame-- Barrows Eternal One, Thou living God-- Longfellow, S. Eternal Ruler of the ceaseless round-- Chadwick Every bird that upward springs-- Neale, but see Longfellow, S. F Faint not, poor traveller, though-- Norton Far off, O God, and yet most near-- Barber Father, beneath thy sheltering wing-- Burleigh Father divine! This deadening power control-- Tuckerman Father, give thy benediction-- Longfellow, S. Father, hear the prayer we offer-- Willis, L. M. Father! I wait Thy word-- Very, J. Father in heaven, hear us-- Ames Father in heaven, to Thee my heart-- altered to Father in heaven, to whom our hearts-- Furness Father, in thy mysterious presence kneeling-- Johnson Father, there is no change to live with Thee-- Very, J. Father, Thou art calling-- Blake Father, thy servant waits-- Burleigh Father! Thy wonders do not singly stand-- Very, J. Father, to thee we look-- Hosmer Father, to thy kind love-- Bryant Father, to us thy children-- Clarke Father, we would not dare-- Savage Father, whose heavenly kingdom lies-- Huntington Feeble, helpless, how shall I-- Furness For all thy gifts we bless Thee, Lord-- Clarke For mercies past we praise thee-- Anon. For summer's bloom, and autumn's-- Holland For the dear love that kept us-- Burleigh For Thee in Zion-- Adams, J. Q. Forward through the ages-- Hosmer Freedom, thy holy light-- Ham From age to age how grandly rise-- Hosmer From age to age they gather, all the-- Hosmer From Bethany the Master-- Ham From heart to heart, from creed-- Gannett From lips divine the healing balm-- Burleigh From many ways and wide apart-- Hosmer From past regret and present faithlessness-- altered to From past regret and present feebleness-- Scudder From street and square, from hill-- Higginson From the profoundest depths-- Burleigh G Gently, Lord, O gently lead-- Anon. Give forth thine earnest cry-- Longfellow, S. Glory be to God on high-- Williams, T. C. Glory to God, and peace on earth-- Livermore, S. W. Go forth to life, O child of earth-- Longfellow, S. Go not, my soul, in search of Him-- Hosmer Go, preach the gospel in my name-- Johnson Go to thy rest, fair child-- Anon. God almighty and All-seeing-- Pierpont God be with thee! Gently o'er thee-- Williams, T. C. God bless our native land-- Brooks and Dwight God is good: each perfumed flower-- Follen God is in his holy temple-- Longfellow, S. God laid his rocks in courses-- Gannett God leads us on by paths-- Wiley God of mercy, do Thou never-- Pierpont God of our fathers, in Whose sight-- Pierpont God of our fathers, who hast-- Briggs, L. R. God of the earnest heart-- Johnson God of the earth, the sea, the sky-- Longfellow, S. God of the glorious summer hours-- Savage God of the mountain-- Anon. God of the nations, near and far-- Holmes, J. H. God of the rolling orbs above-- Peabody, O. W. B. God of the rolling year-- Anon. God of the soul-- Waterston God of the vastness-- Badger God of Truth! Thy sons should be-- Longfellow, S. God's law demands one living faith-- Briggs, C. A. God's trumpet wakes the slumbering world-- Longfellow, S. Gone are those great and good-- Pierpont Grateful for another day-- Marean Great God, in heaven above-- Waterston Great God, the followers of thy Son-- Ware Great Source of Good, our God-- Waterston H Hail the hero workers-- Spencer Hail to the Sabbath day-- Bulfinch Hark! 'tis the holy temple bell-- Adams, J. Q. Hast thou heard it, O my brother?-- Williams, T. C. Hast thou heard the bugle sounding-- Savage Hast thou wasted all the powers-- Clarke Hath not thy heart within thee burned-- Bulfinch Have mercy, O Father-- Furness He hides within the lily-- Gannett He leads us on by paths we did not know-- Wiley He sendeth sun, he sendeth-- Anon. He who himself and God would know-- Longfellow, S. Head of the church triumphant-- Anon. Hear, Father, hear our prayer-- Anon. Hear, hear, O ye nations-- Hosmer Heir of all the waiting ages-- Ham Here holy thoughts a light have shed-- Emerson Here in a world of doubt-- Furness Here in the broken bread-- Furness Here to the high and holy One-- Flint Holy Father, gracious art Thou-- Furness Holy, holy Lord-- Goldsmith Holy Son of God most high-- Bulfinch Holy Spirit, Fire divine-- Hedge Holy Spirit, source of gladness-- Longfellow, S. Holy Spirit, Truth Divine-- altered to Holy Spirit, Light Divine-- Longfellow, S. Hosanna in the highest!-- Lathrop How blest are they whose transient years-- Norton How glorious is the hour-- Bulfinch How shall come the kingdom holy-- Savage How shall I know thee-- Bryant How softly on the western hills-- Peabody, W. B. O. I I bless Thee, Lord, for sorrows sent-- Johnson I came not hither of my will-- Hosmer I cannot always trace the way-- Anon. I cannot find Thee, still on restless pinion-- Scudder I cannot think of them as dead-- Hosmer I cannot walk in darkness long-- Mason I feel within a want-- Furness I hear it often in the dark-- Gannett I hear Thy voice, within the silence-- Ham I heard the bells on Christmas Day-- Longfellow, H. W. I little see, I little know-- Hosmer I long did roam afar-- Williams, T. C. I look to Thee in every need-- Longfellow, S. I saw on earth another light-- Very, J. Immortal by their deed and word-- Hosmer In ages past majestic prophets-- Waterston In pleasant lands have fallen-- Flint In quiet hours the tranquil soul-- Larned In the beginning was the word-- Longfellow, S. In the broad fields of heaven-- Anon. In the lonely midnight-- Williams, T. C. In the morning I will praise-- altered to In the morning I will pray-- Furness In the Saviour's hour of death-- Bulfinch In Thee my powers and treasures-- Scudder Into the silent land-- Longfellow, H. W. Is there a lone and dreary hour-- Gilman, C. It came upon the midnight clear-- Sears It is a faith sublime and sure-- Perkins It is finished! Glorious word-- Bulfinch It is finished, Man of sorrows-- Hedge It singeth low in every heart-- Chadwick It sounds along the ages-- Gannett J Jesus, a child his course began-- Fuller Jesus has lived! and we-- Alger K Kingdom of God, the day how blest-- Beach L Laborers of Christ, arise-- Sigourney Lead us, O Father, in the paths of peace-- Burleigh Let the still air rejoice-- Pierpont "Let there be light!" when-- Anon. Let whosoever will inquire-- Scudder Life is real! Life is earnest-- Longfellow, H. W. Life of Ages, richly poured-- Johnson Life of all that lives below-- Longfellow, S. Life of God, within my soul-- Longfellow, S. Lift aloud the voice of praise-- Peabody, E. Lift your glad voices in triumph on high-- Ware Light of ages and of nations-- Longfellow, S. Like Israel's host to exile driven-- Ware Like pilgrims sailing through the night-- Harris, F. Lo, the day of days is here-- Hosmer Lo! the day of rest declineth-- Robbins, C. Lo, the earth is risen again-- Longfellow, S. Lo, the Easter-tide is here-- Hosmer Look from Thy sphere-- Bryant Lord, beneath thine equal hand-- altered to Lord, beneath whose equal hand-- Hall Lord deliver, thou canst save-- Follen Lord, I believe, and in my faith-- Badger Lord, in this sacred hour-- Bulfinch Lord, in thy garden agony-- Anon. Lord, may the spirit of this feast-- Anon. Lord of all being, throned afar-- Holmes, O. W. Lord of all, we bow before Thee-- Waterston Lord of all worlds-- Adams, J. Q. Lord of the worlds below-- Freeman Lord, once our faith in man-- Johnson Lord, when thine ancient people cried-- Sewall Lord, who dost the voices bless-- Williams, T. C. Lord, who ordainest for mankind-- Bryant Love for all! and can it be-- Longfellow, S. M Many things in life there are-- Hosmer Meek and lowly, pure and holy-- Anon. Meek hearts are by sweet manna fed-- Anon. Men whose boast it is that ye-- Lowell Mighty One, before whose face-- Bryant Mine eyes have seen the glory-- Howe Morning, so fair to see-- Silliman Mortal, the angels say-- Anon. My country, to thy shore-- Williams, T. C. My feet are worn and weary-- Anon. My God, I rather look to Thee-- Scudder My God, I thank Thee: may no thought-- Norton My God, I thank Thee that the night-- altered to O God, I thank Thee-- Pierpont My God, in life's most doubtful hour-- Hurlburt My heart of dust was made-- Williams, T. C. My life flows on in endless song-- Anon. My Shepherd is the Lord-- Adams, J. Q. My soul, before thy Maker-- Adams, J. Q. Mysterious Presence, Source of all-- Beach N Nature with eternal youth-- Waterston No human eyes Thy face may see-- Higginson Not always on the Mount may we-- Hosmer Not given to us from out the sky-- Wendte Not gold, but only men can make-- See under Emerson Not in the solitude-- Bryant Not in vain I poured my supplication-- Burleigh Not only doth the voiceful day-- Burleigh Not when, with self dissatisfied-- Hosmer Now on land and sea descending-- Longfellow, S. Now sing we a song of the harvest-- Chadwick Now with creation's morning song-- Longfellow, S. Now while the day in trailing splendor-- Hosmer Now while we sing our closing hymn-- Longfellow, S. O O, all ye people-- Adams, J. Q. "O beautiful, my country"-- Hosmer O blest the souls that see and hear-- Hosmer O bow Thine ear, Eternal One-- Pierpont O church of freedom and of faith-- Longfellow, S. O day of light and gladness-- Hosmer O deem not that earth's crowning bliss-- Burleigh O Father, fix this wavering will-- Longfellow, S. O Father, take this new-built shrine-- Hale, E. E. O Father, Thou who givest all-- Holmes, J. H. O Father, while I live, I pray-- Holmes, J. H. O for a prophet's fire-- Furness O from these visions, dark-- Bartrum O God! a temple to thy name-- Longfellow, S. O God, accept this sacred hour-- Gilman, S. O God, I thank Thee for each sight-- Mason O God, in whom we live and move-- altered to O Thou, in whom we live and move-- Longfellow, S. O God of freedom! Hear us pray-- Chapman O God of Light and Love-- Waterston O God, our dwelling-place-- Wilson, L. G. O God, thou giver of all good-- Longfellow, S. O God! thy children gathered here-- Longfellow, S. O God unseen, but ever near-- Longfellow, S. O God, whose dread and dazzling brow-- Bryant O God, whose law is in the sky-- Savage O God, whose presence glows in all-- Frothingham, N. L. O God, whose smile is in the sky-- Holmes, J. H. O God, with goodness all thine own-- Adams, J. Q. O heal me, Lord-- Adams, J. Q. O heavenly gift of love divine-- Very, J. O Holy Father, mid the calm-- Burleigh O holy, holy, holy, art Thou-- Longfellow, S. O, judge me, Lord-- Adams, J. Q. O Life that maketh all things new-- Longfellow, S. O Light, from age to age the same-- Hosmer O Lord my God! how great-- Adams, J. Q. O Lord of hosts, Almighty King-- Holmes, O. W. O Lord of life, thy kingdom is at hand-- Ham O Lord of Life, where'er they be-- Hosmer O Lord, thy all-discerning-- Adams, J. Q. O Love Divine, lay on me burdens-- Huntington O Love Divine, of all that is-- Chadwick O Love Divine, that stooped to share-- Holmes, O. W. O Love of God most full-- Clute O my country, land of promise-- Ham O Name, all other names above-- Hosmer O North, with all thy vales-- Bryant O Prophet souls of all the years-- Hosmer O sing with loud and joyful song-- Blake O speed thee, Christian-- Anon. O star of truth, down shining-- Savage O stay thy tears; for they are blest-- Norton O still in accents sweet and strong-- Longfellow, S. O suffering Friend of all mankind-- Bulfinch O that the race of men-- Adams, J. Q. O the beautiful old story-- Alcott O Thou, at whose dread name we stand-- Sprague O thou great Friend to all the sons-- Parker O Thou, in all thy might so far-- Hosmer O thou in lonely vigil led-- Hosmer O Thou in whom alone is found-- Ware O Thou, in whom we live and move-- Longfellow, S. O Thou, in whose Eternal Name-- Huntington O Thou that once on Horeb stood-- Huntington O Thou to Whom in ancient times-- Pierpont O Thou to whom in prayer and praise-- Church O Thou who art above all height-- Pierpont O Thou who art my King-- Badger O Thou, who art of all that is-- Hosmer O Thou, who hearest prayer-- Anon. O Thou who on the whirlwind rides-- Pierpont O Thou who on thy chosen Son-- Ware O Thou who turnest into morning-- Loring, L. P. O thou whose gracious presence-- Ham O Thou, whose liberal sun and rain-- Longfellow, S. O Thou, whose love can ne'er forget-- Bryant O Thou whose own vast temple stands-- altered to Thou, whose unmeasured temple stands-- Bryant O Thou, whose perfect goodness crowns-- Chadwick O Thou, whose Spirit witness bears-- Hosmer O Thou with whom in sweet content-- Foote, H. W., I O troubled sea of Galilee-- Wilson, L. G. O what concerns it him whose way-- Norton O when the hours of life are past-- Peabody, W. B. O. O why should friendship grieve-- Anon. O wondrous depth of grace-- Anon. O'er continent and ocean-- Holmes, J. H. O'er Kedron's stream and Salem's-- Pierpont O'er mountaintops, the mount-- Anon. Oh, who shall roll the stone away-- Ham On earth was darkness spread-- Anon. On eyes that watch through sorrow's night-- Hosmer Once to every man and nation-- Lowell One holy church of God appears-- Longfellow, S. One saint to another I heard say-- Very, J. One sweet flower has drooped and faded-- Waterston One thought I have, my ample creed-- Hosmer Onward, onward, through the region-- Johnson Oppression shall not always reign-- Ware Our Father, while our hearts unlearn-- Holmes, O. W. Our house, our God, we give to Thee-- Lowell Our pilgrim brethren, dwelling far-- Livermore, S. W. Out of every clime and people-- Longfellow, S. Out of the dark, the circling sphere-- Longfellow, S. Out of the heart of nature rolled-- Emerson P Peace, peace on earth! The heart-- Longfellow, S. Praise for the glorious light-- Hale, M. W. Praise to God and thanksgiving-- Gannett Praise to the living God-- Gannett and Mann R Remember me, the Saviour said-- Frothingham, N. L. Richly, O richly have I been-- Furness Ring, O ring, ye Christmas bells-- Ham S Saviour and dearest friend-- Anon. Saviour, and source of every blessing-- Anon. Saviour, when thy bread we break-- Robbins, S. D. Seek not afar for beauty-- Savage Send down thy truth, O God-- Sill Send forth, O God, thy truth-- Adams, J. Q. Servants of Christ, arise-- Sigourney Set from the restless world apart-- Marean Show us thy way, O God-- Holmes, J. H. Sing forth his high eternal name-- Longfellow, S. Sing to Jehovah a new song-- Adams, J. Q. Sing to the Lord a song-- Adams, J. Q. Slavery and death the cup contains-- Sargent Sleep, my little Jesus-- Gannett Slowly, by Thy hand unfurled-- altered to Slowly by God's hand unfurled-- Furness Sovereign and transforming Grace-- Hedge Sovereign of worlds! display-- Anon. Spirit Divine! attend our prayer-- Longfellow, S. Spirit of God, in thunder speak-- Chadwick Spirit of Truth, of Life, of Power-- Westwood Standing forth in life's rough way-- Bryant Still wave our streamer's glorious folds-- Sears Still will we trust, though earth-- Burleigh Strong-souled Reformer, whose-- Johnson Supreme Disposer of the heart-- See: Longfellow, S. Sure to the mansions of the blest-- Adams, J. Q. Swift years, but teach me-- Anon. T Take my heart, O Father-- Anon. Take our pledge, eternal Father-- Mott Tell me not in mournful numbers-- Longfellow, H. W. That God is Love, unchanging Love-- Furness The ages one great minster seem-- Lowell The brightening dawn and-- Burleigh The bud will soon become a flower-- Very, J. The builders, toiling through the days-- Ham The changing years, Eternal God-- Mason The earth, all light and loveliness-- Miles The evening wind begins to blow-- Long The God that to our fathers-- Savage The heavens thy praise are telling-- See: Longfellow, S. The land our fathers left to us-- Higginson The Lord gave the word-- Frothingham, N. L. The Lord is in his holy place-- Gannett The loving Friend to all who bowed-- Longfellow, S. The morning hangs its signal-- Gannett The outward building stands complete-- Hosmer The past is dark with sin and shame-- Higginson The past yet lives in all its truth-- Appleton The patriarch's dove, on weary wing-- Frothingham, N. L. The perfect world by Adam trod-- Willis, N. P. The rose is queen among the flowers-- Hosmer The Saviour said "Yet one thing more"-- Longfellow, H. W. The spirit of the Lord has stirred-- Mott The summer days are come again-- Longfellow, S. The sun is still forever sounding-- Hedge The very blossoms of our life-- Savage The voice of God is calling-- Holmes, J. H. The Will Divine that woke a waiting time-- Johnson The works, O Lord, our hands-- Wilson, L. G. The world throws wide its brazen gates-- Weiss Theories, which thousands cherish-- Waterston There cometh o'er the spirit-- Very, W. There is a beautiful land-- Burleigh There is a strife we all must wage-- Bulfinch There is a world, and O how blest-- Anon. There is a world eye hath not seen-- Attributed to Very, J. There is no flock, however watched-- Longfellow, H. W. They are slaves who will not choose-- Lowell Thirsting for a living spring-- Appleton This child we dedicate-- Gilman, S. This day let grateful praise ascend-- Hale, M. W. Thou art my morning, God of light-- Robbins, S. D. Thou art, O God! my East-- Robbins, S. D. Thou art the Way, and he-- Anon. Thou, infinite in love-- Miles Thou glorious God, before whose face-- Chadwick Thou Grace Divine, encircling all-- Scudder Thou gracious Power, whose mercy-- Holmes, O. W. Thou Life within my life, than self-- Scudder Thou Lord of hosts, whose guiding hand-- Frothingham, O. B. Thou Lord of life, our saving health-- Longfellow, S. Thou mighty God, who didst of old-- Chadwick Thou One in all, thou All in one-- Beach Thou only Living, only True-- Furness Thou must go forth alone-- Anon. Thou rulest, Lord, the lights on high-- Williams, T. C. Thou unrelenting past-- Bryant Thou, who didst stoop below-- Miles Thou who dost all things give-- Furness Thou whose glad summer yields-- Johnson Thou whose love didst give us birth-- altered to Thou whose love brought us to birth-- Foote, H. W., II. Thou whose spirit dwells in all-- Chadwick Through the changes of the day-- Burleigh Through willing heart and helping hand-- Hosmer Thy kingdom come, O Lord-- Hosmer Thy kingdom come, on bended knee-- Hosmer Thy praise, O God, in Zion waits-- Kimball Thy seamless robe conceals Thee not-- Chadwick Thy servants' sandals, Lord-- Johnson Thy way, O Lord, is in the sea-- Badger 'Tis not Thy chastening hand-- Anon. 'Tis winter now; the fallen snow-- Longfellow, S. To him who children blessed-- Clarke To hold thy glory, Lord of all-- Williams, T. C. To light that shines in stars and souls-- Johnson To prayer! for the day that God hath blest-- Ware To prayer, the glorious sun is gone-- Ware To prayer, to prayer, for morning breaks-- Ware To the High and Holy One-- Furness To the truth that makes us free-- Furness To Thee, O God in heaven-- Clarke To thine eternal arms, O God-- Higginson Today be joy in every heart-- Hosmer Toiling through the livelong night-- Bulfinch Touch Thou mine eyes-- Ham Turn not from him who asks of thee-- Very, J. Turn to the stars of heaven-- Adams, J. Q. 'Twas in the East, the mystic East-- Hedge 'Twas the day when God's anointed-- Hedge U Unto thy temple, Lord, we come-- Collyer Unworthy to be called thy son-- Furness Uplift the song of praise-- Hosmer W We ask not that our path-- Burleigh We bless Thee for this sacred day-- Gilman, C. We follow, Lord, where thou-- Anon. We go not on a pilgrimage-- Very, J. We have not wings; we may not soar-- Longfellow, H. W. We honor those whose work began-- Horton We love the venerable house-- Emerson We meditate the day-- Frothingham, N. L. We pray for truth and peace-- Hurlburt We pray no more, made lowly wise-- Hosmer We see the gallant streamer yet-- Sears We sowed a seed in faith and hope-- Longfellow, S. We will not weep, for God is standing by-- Hurlburt What has drawn us thus apart-- Chadwick What is the world that it should share-- Furness What is this that stirs within-- Furness What means this glory round our feet-- Lowell What power unseen by mortal eye-- Bulfinch What purpose burns within our hearts-- Savage Whatever dims the sense of truth-- Hale, M. W. When adverse winds and waves arise-- Sigourney When Christ with all his shining train-- Prince When courage fails, and faith burns low-- Hosmer When doomed to death the Apostle lay-- Bryant When from the Jordan's gleaming wave-- Longfellow, S. When gladness gilds our prosperous day-- Burleigh When God upheaved the pillared earth-- Pray When he who from the scourge of wrong-- Bryant When in silence o'er the deep-- Hale, M. W. When Israel's foes, a numerous host-- Fernald When, o'er the billow-heaving-- Adams, J. Q. When, on devotion's seraph wing-- Miles When shadows gather on our way-- Hosmer When shall the voice of singing-- Anon. When the blind suppliant-- Bryant When the constant sun returning-- Hosmer When the gladsome day declineth-- Savage When the world around us throws-- Williams, T. C. When this song of praise shall cease-- Bryant When thy heart, with joy o'erflowing-- Williams, T. C. Where ancient forests round us spread-- Norton Where is our holy church?-- Wilson, E. H. Where men on mounts of vision-- Hosmer While thus [now] thy throne of grace-- Robbins, C. While with lips with praise that glow-- Pierpont Whither, midst falling dew-- Bryant Who is thy neighbor? He whom thou-- Peabody, W. B. O. Who would sever freedom's shrine?-- Gilman, S. Why come not spirits-- Anon. Why should I fear-- Adams, J. Q. Why slumbereth, Lord, each-- Anon. Why weep for those, frail child-- Loring, W. J. Wild was the day, the wintry sea-- Bryant Will God, who made the earth-- Follen Wilt Thou not visit me?-- Very, J. With heart's glad song, dear Lord-- Young With loving hearts and hands-- Ames With praise and prayer our gifts we bring-- Ware Wonders still the world shall witness-- Trapp Work, and thou shalt bless the day-- Dana Y Years are coming, speed them-- Ballou Yes, to the last command-- Gilman, S. Transcriber's Notes --This eBook is public-domain in the country of publication. --Corrected a few palpable typographical errors. --Restored a book name, _Hymns of the Ages_, that had apparently dropped out of page 149 of the typescript. --Added a heading "Biographical Sketches" for consistency with the Table of Contents. --Tweaked the form of some personal names to be consistent; and added links where possible. --Created a Book Cover Image, released for free and unrestricted use with this eBook. --In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_. *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN UNITARIAN HYMN WRITERS AND HYMNS *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. 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